Peasant Movements and Land Reform in Latin America: Mexico and Bolivia

Author(s):  
Gerrit Huizer ◽  
Rodolfo Stavenhagen
2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cliff Welch ◽  
Bernardo Mançano Fernandes

Author(s):  
Verónica Castillo-Muñoz

This chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. Looking back at how Baja California was transformed from a backwater to one of the most productive regions in northern Mexico, one could easily conclude that foreign investment was a catalyst for Baja California's dramatic economic success. But this is only part of the story. This book demonstrates that intermarriage, land reform, and migration were vital to the development of the Baja California peninsula and the Mexican borderlands. Without Asian, mestizo, and indigenous workers, it would have been impossible for the Compagnie du Boleo and the the Colorado River Land Company to become some of the most productive enterprises in Latin America. In the post NAFTA era, Baja California continues to be a strategic place for commerce and migration. The boom of maquilas (assembly plants) and agribusinesses persist in attracting migrant workers from different parts of Mexico.


1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Picó

My interest in land reform started very early. In fact, my first executive appointment in the Government of Puerto Rico was in 1941, even before I left academic life, when I became a member of the first Board of Directors of the Land Authority of Puerto Rico, thus participating from the start in the land reform program of Puerto Rico. Back in 1940 when the present Government of Puerto Rico headed by Luis Muñoz Marín, our present Governor but at that time President of the Senate, took over the reins of government one of the first bills approved by our legislature was for a land tenure reform program in Puerto Rico.


F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jahi Chappell ◽  
Hannah Wittman ◽  
Christopher M Bacon ◽  
Bruce G Ferguson ◽  
Luis García Barrios ◽  
...  

Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in Latin America. We then analyze the potential of a food sovereignty framework, based on protecting the viability of a diverse agroecological matrix while supporting rural livelihoods and global food production. We review several successful examples of this approach, including ecological land reform in Brazil, agroforestry,milpa, and the uses of wild varieties in smallholder systems in Mexico and Central America. We highlight emergent research directions that will be necessary to assess the potential of the food sovereignty model to promote both biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Ramos do Nascimento ◽  
Felipe Borges de Souza Domingues

Reforma agrária e o acesso à terra como um direito humano para as famílias rurais nos países do MERCOSUL: uma análise comparada constitucional e agraristaAgrarian reform and the access to land as a human right for rural families in the MERCOSUL countries: a constitutional and agrarian comparative analysis Arthur Ramos do Nascimento[1]Felipe Borges de Souza Domingues[2] RESUMO: O presente artigo traz ao debate nacional elementos iniciais para reflexão sobre a forma como os países do MERCOSUL encaram o tema da Reforma Agrária e o acesso à terra dentro de uma perspectiva de direitos humanos. Inicialmente analisando o MERCOSUL enquanto um processo de integração e de desenvolvimento regional, a pesquisa apresenta nuances históricas e sociológicas dos países sul-americanos como forma de compreensão da realidade agrária e dos movimentos campesinos pela luta do campo. A partir daí, observa-se a discussão da Reforma Agrária nos países do MERCOSUL, as peculiaridades e diferenças nacionais. A abordagem sobre os direitos humanos e a concepção nacional dos Estados-Membros permite identificar que a proximidade não se limita apenas à questão geográfica, mas que os países compartilham uma identidade muito próxima de concepções e organização, consideradas as devidas proporções e peculiaridades. Assim, é possível analisar as políticas adotadas pelos países membros do MERCOSUL no sentido do acesso à terra como um direito humano e a importância da Reforma Agrária para o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Constata-se a fragilidade das políticas comuns e a ausência de políticas efetivas que incidam sobre todos os países do MERCOSUL, identificando-se ações articuladas, mas sem o status de uma política supraestatal que poderia alcançar maior efetividade para a realidade das famílias rurais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Violência simbólica. Lei Maria da Penha. Violência institucional. ABSTRACT: This article contributes to the national debate bringing initial elements for reflection on how the Mercosur countries view the issue of Agrarian Reform and access to land within a perspective of human rights. Initially analyzing Mercosur as a process of integration and regional development, the research shows historical and sociological nuances of the South American countries as a way of understanding the agrarian reality and peasant movements struggling in the countryside. Since then, it was examined the discussion of land reform in the Mercosur countries, their national peculiarities and differences. The approach on human rights and the national conception of each Member State allows the identification that their proximity is not limited to the geographical issue, but that each country shares close concepts and organization, considering its own dimension and peculiarities. Thus, it is possible to analyze the policies adopted by the MERCOSUL member countries in the sense that the access to land is a human right and the importance of Agrarian Reform to economic and social development. It is noted the fragility of common policies and the absence of effective policies concerning all the countries of MERCOSUL. Joint actions are identified, but without the status of a supranational policy that could achieve greater effectiveness to the reality of rural families. KEYWORDS: Acesso à terra. Direitos Humanos. MERCOSUL. Reforma Agrária comparada.[1] Professor da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. Mestre em Direito Agrário pela Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. Especialista em Direito Civil e Processo Civil pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2008). Graduado em Direito (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2006.[2] Graduando em Direito pela Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados.


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