The Environment Policy Challenge

1992 ◽  
pp. 128-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Miller
Keyword(s):  
Environment Policy ◽  
Policy Challenge

Korean Nuclear Crises: Is There A Way Forward?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Ganaie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Nuclear Weapon ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Nuclear Weapon State ◽  
Policy Challenge ◽  
Positive Results

<p><i>North Korea’s nuclear programme remains a key foreign policy challenge for United States. After its first nuclear test in 2006, Pyongyang has made an impressive progress in developing a credible nuclear deterrent through series of nuclear and missile tests. The diplomatic efforts to dissuade North Korea’s nuclear ambitions have not yielded positive results so far, as Pyongyang has not only developed a credible deterrent but continues to expand and strengthen it. The failure of Hanoi Summit, latest in the series of diplomatic initiatives to end the series has depended pessimism regarding future negations. Experts are skeptical about finding a diplomatic solution to the crises and the demand to explore other alternatives <sup>_____</sup> limited surgical strike, regime change, treating North Korea as de-facto nuclear weapon state <sup>_____</sup> to end the crises has intensified in recent years. However, dealing with the threat though these tools is highly risky and diplomatic outreach is the most preferred course to end the crises.</i></p>

The healthcare delivery system: an overview

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Abel Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Chronic Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Care Level ◽  
Primary Care Level ◽  
Internal Markets ◽  
System A ◽  
Policy Challenge

This chapter provides an overview of the healthcare delivery system. A figure illustrates how six different parts of the system relate to each other. The primary care level plays a key role in many countries by representing the gate, in which referrals to secondary care are being made. Tertiary care is principally of two types depending on patients’ prognosis: chronic care or rehabilitation. In addition to the three care levels, there are two parts with quite different roles: pharmacies provide pharmaceuticals, and sickness benefit schemes compensate the sick for their income losses. A recurrent policy challenge is to make each provider level take into account the resource implications of their isolated decisions outside of their own budgets. A brief discussion is included on the scope for ‘internal markets’.

When do Subnational Policy Challenges Succeed?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Policy Challenge ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Structural Significance

This chapter elaborates the book’s theoretical framework by focusing on the three critical variables—structural, institutional, and coalitional—that help explain the outcome of the two types of subnational policy challenges conceptualized in Chapter 1. It argues that a subnational jurisdiction’s structural significance is critical for the ability to influence the national policy regime (the second type of policy challenge), while its institutional capacity is essential for the defense of ideologically deviant subnational policy regimes (the first type of policy challenge). The third variable, internal and external coalitional strength, matters for both types of challenges. After situating these hypotheses relative to a variety of political science literatures, the chapter then introduces the Bolivian, Ecuadorian, and Peruvian cases by focusing on the similarities that make these countries a productive site for small-N comparison. The chapter also scores each country on the dependent variable and describes the book’s data-collection methods.

Water Management by Farmers

2018 ◽  
pp. 796-813
Author(s):  
Laurence Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multifunctional Land Use ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Policy Challenge ◽  
Communication And Coordination

Analyzing the public policy challenge of multifunctional land use, for which farmers are required to be food producers, water resource managers and environmental stewards, it is argued that a location-sensitive policy mix is required, consisting of appropriate regulation complemented by advice provision, voluntarism, and well-targeted incentive schemes. The case is further made for adaptive management, local deliberation and stakeholder participation, and hence for governance that is open, delegated, and collaborative. Assessment, planning, and decision making need to be delegated to the most appropriate governmental level and spatial scale to achieve desired outcomes, whilst effective mechanisms for vertical and horizontal coordination of the resulting multilevel and polycentric governance are essential. Hydrographic catchments have significant advantages as spatial units for analysis, planning, coordination, and policy delivery. However, catchment-based working creates further need for cross-level, sector, and scale communication and coordination. Mechanisms for this merit further attention.

scholarly journals The Trade and Environment Debate: Relevant for Southern Agriculture?

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Marchant ◽  
Nicole Ballenger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Trade And Environment ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Know How ◽  
Trade Measures

AbstractThis paper introduces and briefly discusses the economics of two important trade and environment policy issues--international harmonization of environmental standards and the use of trade measures for environmental purposes. Both issues are likely to generate lively international debate among environmentalists, industry representatives, and trade negotiators over the next few years. As the international community seeks new multilateral rules in these areas, agricultural producers will want to know how they will be affected. Thus, this paper also examines the potential impacts of environmental policy on the competitiveness of commodities unique to the Southern region of the United States.

scholarly journals Impacts of Faith-Based Lifestyle Interventions on Congregational-Level Nutrition and Physical Activity Environment and Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 300-300
Author(s):  
Summer Wilmoth ◽  
Leah Carrillo ◽  
Elana Martinez ◽  
Raymundo Mendoza Mendoza ◽  
Lauren Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives Hispanics are disproportionally affected by obesity, cancer, and other obesity-related chronic diseases. Building a Healthy Temple (BHT) was a multi-component, faith-based lifestyle intervention implemented in 27 low-income, predominately-Hispanic congregations in San Antonio, TX between 2012 and 2017. One aim of BHT was to assess program effectiveness at improving health-conducive church environment/policy and sustainability of these improvements at follow-up. Methods A key macro-level program component of BHT was the formation of a Health Ministry Committee to initiate church-wide health-conducive environment/policy changes. The Congregational Health Index (CHI) was used to assess church nutrition (17 items) and physical activity (PA, 5 items) environment/policy at baseline, end of program, and follow-up (6 months or more post-intervention). Data were expressed as % of the maximum scores. Friedman test and post hoc analysis were performed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and significance of pairwise comparisons, adjusted with Bonferroni correction. Results Eighteen churches completed all 3 CHI assessments. Percentage of total nutrition and PA environment/policy scores for baseline, end of program, and follow-up were 38% (35–45), 64% (53–75), and 69% (64–77), respectively. Post hoc analysis shows significant improvements in nutrition and PA environment/policy scores at end of program (Z = –3.73, P &lt; 0.001) and follow-up (Z = –3.73, P &lt; 0.001) as compared to baseline, as well as significantly higher scores at follow-up compared to end of program (Z = –3.18, P = 0.001). Conclusions Study findings reveal the importance of utilizing congregation-wide macro-level interventions to create health-conducive enviroment/policy changes to facilitate and sustain healthy lifestyle changes in predominately-Hispanic faith community settings. Funding Sources Baptist Health Foundation San Antonio & Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas.

Indian management research

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-176
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
General Management ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
And Control

The purpose of these abstracts is to provide reference facilities in the management field. These abstracts have been sponsored by the Indian Council of Social Science Research. These abstracts cover books and articles on empirical studies, experiences of people involved in the management process, and concepts and theories based on Indian data and environment written by Indian or foreign authors and published in India or abroad. The following areas of management are covered: Financial Management, Management Accounting, and Control (FM) Marketing (M) Organization and Administration (OA) Personnel Management and Industrial Relations (PMIR) Production Management, Computers, and Operations Research (PMCOR) General Management: Environment, Policy, and Planning (GM) Policy, Planning, and Development (PPD) Books and articles published after January 1974 are covered in Vikalpa. Abstracts of publications between 1970 and 1973 have been published in two volumes by the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. For reprint of articles abstracted in Vikalpa please contact the original journals. For further details please write to Professor Shekhar Chaudhuri.

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