Characterization of road runoff and innovative treatment technologies

2007 ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Boller ◽  
S Langbein ◽  
Michele Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Road Runoff ◽  
Innovative Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies

scholarly journals Evidence for Phytoremediation and Phytoexcretion of NTO from Industrial Wastewater by Vetiver Grass

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Abhishek RoyChowdhury ◽  
Pallabi Mukherjee ◽  
Saumik Panja ◽  
Rupali Datta ◽  
Christos Christodoulatos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Insensitive Munitions ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Near Future

The use of insensitive munitions such as 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is rapidly increasing and is expected to replace conventional munitions in the near future. Various NTO treatment technologies are being developed for the treatment of wastewater from industrial munition facilities. This is the first study to explore the potential phytoremediation of industrial NTO-wastewater using vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.). Here, we present evidence that vetiver can effectively remove NTO from wastewater, and also translocated NTO from root to shoot. NTO was phytotoxic and resulted in a loss of plant biomass and chlorophyll. The metabolomic analysis showed significant differences between treated and control samples, with the upregulation of specific pathways such as glycerophosphate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, providing a glimpse into the stress alleviation strategy of vetiver. One of the mechanisms of NTO stress reduction was the excretion of solid crystals. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of NTO crystals in the plant exudates. Further characterization of the exudates is in progress to ascertain the purity of these crystals, and if vetiver could be used for phytomining NTO from industrial wastewater.

Comparative and integrative environmental assessment of advanced wastewater treatment processes based on an average removal of pharmaceuticals

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elorri Igos ◽  
Enrico Benetto ◽  
Silvia Venditti ◽  
Christian Köhler ◽  
Alex Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Decentralized Treatment ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Pharmaceuticals are normally barely removed by conventional wastewater treatments. Advanced technologies as a post-treatment, could prevent these pollutants reaching the environment and could be included in a centralized treatment plant or, alternatively, at the primary point source, e.g. hospitals. In this study, the environmental impacts of different options, as a function of several advanced treatments as well as the centralized/decentralized implementation options, have been evaluated using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In previous publications, the characterization of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals within LCA suffers from high uncertainties. In our study, LCA was therefore only used to quantify the generated impacts (electricity, chemicals, etc.) of different treatment scenarios. These impacts are then weighted by the average removal rate of pharmaceuticals using a new Eco-efficiency Indicator EFI. This new way of comparing the scenarios shows significant advantages of upgrading a centralized plant with ozonation as the post-treatment. The decentralized treatment option reveals no significant improvement on the avoided environmental impact, due to the comparatively small pollutant load coming from the hospital and the uncertainties in the average removal of the decentralized scenarios. When comparing the post-treatment technologies, UV radiation has a lower performance than both ozonation and activated carbon adsorption.

scholarly journals Faecal sludge as a solid industrial fuel: a pilot-scale study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Gold ◽  
Daniel Isaac Waya Ddiba ◽  
Alsane Seck ◽  
Patrick Sekigongo ◽  
Alassane Diene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Revenues from faecal sludge (FS) treatment end products could offset treatment costs and contribute to financially viable sanitation. In urban sub-Saharan Africa, energy-producing resource recovery has the potential to generate greater revenue than use as soil conditioner. In contrast with wastewater sludge, the technical feasibility of using dried FS as solid fuel in industries has not been investigated. This study evaluated it through characterization of dried FS from drying beds and by assessing the combustion performance in two pilot-scale kilns, in Kampala and Dakar. Results from the fuel characterization demonstrate that dried FS had comparable fuel characteristics as wastewater sludge considering calorific value and ash content. The calorific values and ash contents were 10.9–13.4 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) and 47.0–58.7%, respectively. Results from pilot-scale experiments suggest that dried FS can be effective in providing energy for industries. Temperatures in pilot-scale kilns fueled by FS were 800 °C, sufficient for curing of clay bricks, and 437 °C, sufficient for waste oil regeneration. In Kampala and Dakar, an estimated 20,000 tons of FS DM per year accumulate. Tapping the industrial fuel market and financial benefits could be realized through optimization of onsite sanitation and treatment technologies.

Effect of the generation and physical–chemical characterization of swine and dairy cattle slurries on treatment technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina-Alejandra Villamar ◽  
Diana-Catalina Rodríguez ◽  
Daniela López ◽  
Gustavo Peñuela ◽  
Gladys Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies

scholarly journals Formation of chlorinated organics in drinking water of Instanbul (Turkey) and Salerno (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Water Origin ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Levels

The occurrence of THMs and HAAs, and other volatile organics in Istanbul (Turkey) and Salerno (Italy) surface water resources was investigated by the previous and present data obtained on raw, coagulated, pre-chlorinated, pre-ozonated water samples. The present drinking water directives/regulations in developed countries set maximum contaminant level (MCL) for THMs at different levels. In Italy, where the 80-85% of water demand is supplied by groundwater, a relatively low THMs value of 30 μg l-1 was set, however there are no HAAs and bromate limits. On the other hand, there is still no regulation for the THMs in Turkey. The characterization of chlorinated by-products, particularly THMs, is detailed according to raw water origin and treatment technologies currently applied in both cities.

Methodology and model for performance and cost comparison of innovative treatment technologies at wood preserving sites

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Evans ◽  
Robert E. Porges ◽  
Gunarti H. Coghlan ◽  
Richard G. Eilers ◽  
Art G. Glazer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Innovative Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Thermal treatment of plutonium contaminated material (PCM) waste

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 735-740
Author(s):  
Luke Boast ◽  
M.C. Stennett ◽  
Neil C. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTKey drivers for the application of thermal treatment processes include the reduced volume, improved passive safety, and superior long term stability of the vitrified wasteform products. These advantages have led to a renewed interest in thermally treating various UK ILW streams. To support the increased investment in thermal treatment technologies a fundamental understanding of the processes and the impact of waste inventory needs to be established. The research described in this report aims to provide the evidence necessary to support a major investment in thermal treatment of Plutonium Contaminated Materials (PCM). The report describes the use of laboratory scale waste simulants to develop an understanding of the waste and matrix interactions during thermal treatment of PCM waste. The report includes the thermal treatment process and characterization of the vitrified product.

scholarly journals Characterization of Titanium Surface Modification Strategies for Osseointegration Enhancement

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Jinyoung Kim ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Tae-Sik Jang ◽  
DongEung Kim ◽  
Chang-Bun Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Osteoblast Cells ◽  
Micro Arc Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Technologies

As biocompatible metallic materials, titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the orthopedic field due to their superior strength, low density, and ease of processing. However, further improvement in biological response is still required for rapid osseointegration. Here, various Ti surface-treatment technologies were applied: hydroxyapatite blasting, sand blasting and acid etching, anodic oxidation, and micro-arc oxidation. The surface characteristics of specimens subjected to these techniques were analyzed in terms of structure, elemental composition, and wettability. The adhesion strength of the coating layer was also assessed for the coated specimens. Biocompatibility was compared via tests of in vitro attachment and proliferation of pre-osteoblast cells.

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