The “Richest River in the World”: The Maritime Cultural Landscape of the Mouth of the Río Chagres, Republica de Panamá

Dybbøl is the brow of a hill located about 30 km north-east of the border between Denmark and Germany. This area was once the former Danish Duchy of Schleswig, which was under German rule in the period from 1864 to 1920. Dybbøl was also the site of intense fighting during the Schleswig-Holstein Revolt of 1848–50 and the Danish-German War of 1864. There are remains of both Danish and German fortifications and earthworks, along with large mass graves in which troops from Denmark, Schleswig-Holstein and Germany lie buried. After a plebiscite about the placing of the border was held in 1920, Schleswig was divided up, and the northern part – which included Dybbøl – became part of Denmark. This was followed by a comprehensive ”Danishification” of the cultural landscape, which had previously been dominated by a large Prussian victory monument and numerous German memorial stones. A Danish national park was set up at Dybbøl in 1924, with the backing of the local population and financial sup- port from a national collection appeal, and formally opened by the Danish prime minister. After this, Dybbøl became the epitome of the institutionalised cultural heritage of the state of Denmark, and would almost certainly be included in any ”cultural canon” of the most significant geographical locations that have helped shape the Danish sense of national identity. However, Dybbøl also features another – less comfortable – aspect of the Danish cultural heritage, bearing witness to Danish acts of vandalism perpetrated against the German monuments found here. Any study of the use of the history associated with Dybbøl uncovers layer upon layer of episodes that speak of conflicting interests and countless metamorphoses that led to the site being imbued with new values and a sequence of new identities. And in step with the resurgence of nationalist sentiments in Denmark since the mid-1980s, there has been a corresponding, strengthened re-annexation of the cultural heritage associated with Dybbøl. The need to cling on to and retain establis- hed, familiar positions and a fundamental sense of belonging are well-known aspects of the process of globalisation, and are seen throughout the world. In Dybbøl, this deep-felt need has resulted in the construction of a Danish fortification, and the Danish flag flying atop the many flagpoles has become more frequent sight. This process can also be interpreted as an expression of Danish foreign policy taking on a more active role in the world.

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Map-and-territory of modern geopoetics: sources and artistic practice

Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University ◽

10.12958/2227-2844-2020-4(335)-113-120 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 113-120

Author(s):

O. O. Brovko ◽

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Contemporary Literature ◽

Root Cultures ◽

Artistic Practice ◽

Methodological Basis ◽

The World ◽

Local Space ◽

Modern Fiction

The purpose of this article is an attempt to outline the specifics of artistic mapping in contemporary literature through conceptualization to understand the „map” and territory "in the context of geopoietics studios. Philosophical and cultural works, which supplement the theoretical and methodological base of geopoetics, were chosen as the methodological basis for the research. Metaphor „A map is not the territory” (Alfred Korzybski) serves to explain the representation of the world, the description of reality. Artistic expictations of cartography are considered on the material of the works „Voroshilovgrad” by Sergey Zhadan, „The Map and the Territory” by Michel Welbeck, „Certain Judgments about Byzantium” by Velimir Churgus Kazimir. This article analyzes the problem of reality and literature interrelation and the problem of man and landscape relations. It is memory and place through the landscape that allow to connect local, ethnic and global aspects into a single whole. Cultural and civilization projections, map and territory designs are perceived in modern humanities as a manifestation of struggle and mutual overlay of „tree” and „root” cultures. The research of the transcultural communications in the artistic space, allows to define modern aesthetics as the universalistic functions. Local space and limited geo-cultural landscape inspires individual mythology of modern writers. In modern fiction we often observe incorporation of historical facts, fragments of pseudo-documents, description of real landscapes and maps of invented territories into the text.

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SURVEI SIDE SCAN SONAR DALAM PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI BAWAH AIR DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI: STUDI KASUS PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BRANTAS [SIDE SCAN SONAR SURVEY IN RIVERINE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: CASE STUDY IN THE BRANTAS BASIN]

Naditira Widya ◽

10.24832/nw.v15i2.459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

Agni Mochtar ◽

Firman Setiawan ◽

Shinatria Adhityatama

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Historical Context ◽

Archaeological Research ◽

Archaeological Remains ◽

Side Scan Sonar ◽

Maritime Cultural Landscape ◽

Old Maps ◽

Low Visibility ◽

Survey Results

Aplikasi metode geofisika menggunakan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini memaparkan penggunaan side scan sonar untuk pemetaan dasar sungai dan identifikasi tinggalan arkeologi di dasar sungai dalam penelitian “Sungai Brantas dalam Perspektif Lanskap Kultur Maritim”, serta interpretasi hasil survei side scan sonar tersebut dalam konteks kesejarahan. Selain itu, dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas potensi pengembangan penggunaan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air di Indonesia, terutama di perairan sungai. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan side scan sonar Starfish 450H dengan sistem posisi GNSS Trimble R8s. Sementara itu, interpretasi diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis terhadap data peta dan arsip Belanda untuk memahami konteks temporal dari objek yang dideteksi oleh alat side scan sonar. Survei berhasil menunjukkan sedimen di dasar sungai berupa lempung dan lanau, serta beberapa objek yang diduga sebagai bangkai kapal, yang diperkirakan berasal dari pasca abad ke-19 Masehi. Hasil survei side scan sonar menunjukkan tingkat akurasi cukup hingga tinggi dan dapat menjadi pendukung penelitian arkeologi bawah air yang efisien, terutama di perairan yang keruh. Side scan sonar survey as one of the geophysics methods is still scarcely applied in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia. This paper describes the application of side scan sonar survey in mapping riverbed and identifying underwater archaeological remains in the “Sungai Brantas in the Perspective of Maritime Cultural Landscape” project, as well as interpreting its historical context based on survey results. This paper also explores the development of utilizing side scan sonar in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia, particularly in rivers. Data was acquisitioned by using the side scan sonar Starfish 450H and GNSS Trimble R8s positioning system. The interpretation was drawn by analysing related Dutch old maps and archives to understand the historical context of the survey findings. The result shows clay and silt sediment covering most of the riverbed and a number of objects, possibly shipwrecks, estimated as from the nineteenth century. The survey result has a medium to high accuracy. Thus, this method is able to serve as an efficient instrument for underwater archaeological research, especially in the low-visibility waters.

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Slavernijverleden werpt schaduw vooruit

Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie ◽

10.5117/thg2020.3.002.kore ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 152-168

Author(s):

DAVID KOREN

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Salt Water ◽

World Heritage ◽

Systematic Research ◽

Port City ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Popular Support ◽

World Heritage List ◽

The World ◽

Plantation System

Slavery past casts a shadow. A World Heritage Status for the plantation system of western Curaçao? The possible nomination of the western plantations for the World Heritage List of UNESCO offers a possibility to safeguard this rather unique - but eroding - relict landscape. However, an important precondition for a successful nomination is consensus on a clear strategy and goals of a nomination. The strategy could involve a new nomination, but also an extension of the existing site of Willemstad. This latter option retroactively gives the opportunity to clarify the (architectural) wealth of Willemstad and to explain why people from different continents came together in this port city. Another precondition is popular support, which is rather shallow due to the centuries-long connection of plantations with slavery. A nomination definitely should acknowledge the dark pages of history, including the intangible aspects of this past. More systematic research into the various aspects of the slave society could help to fill such ‘knowledge gaps’. It seems wise to diminish the traditional focus on the architecture of the plantations and to consider them as a cultural landscape, as well as to focus on the ingenious ways people tried to make a living in this dry landscape. This implies that the selection needs to be revised, taking into account other modes of production, like salt, water and mining.

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From Linear History to Discursive Constellation

The Invention of Martial Arts ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197540336.003.0006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 99-128

Author(s):

Paul Bowman

Keyword(s):

Popular Culture ◽

Martial Arts ◽

Cultural Landscape ◽

Children's Television ◽

First Century ◽

Combat Sports ◽

Ultimate Fighting Championship ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century

This chapter argues that any attempt to construct a linear history of martial arts in media and popular culture as it exploded after the 1970s cannot but fail. The sheer proliferation of martial arts images, themes, texts, and practices precludes easy linear narrativization. Accordingly, Chapter 5 argues for the need to move ‘From Linear History to Discursive Constellation’ in our approach to martial arts in media and popular culture. The chapter attempts to establish the main discursive contours that appeared and developed through the 1980s—a decade in which ninjas and Shaolin monks explode onto the cultural landscape. This is followed by attention to the 1990s, in which three major events took place in the same year: the first Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), the Wu-Tang Clan’s release of their enormously popular album, Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers), and the appearance on children’s television screens around the world of ‘The Power Rangers’—all of which took place in 1993. The chapter then attempts to track the major discursive tendencies and contours of martial arts aesthetics through the first decade of the twenty-first century, up to the mainstreaming of combat sports in more recent years.

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No Country for Men: Searching for Late Medieval Submerged Settlements in the North-Eastern Zuiderzee Area in the Netherlands

European Journal of Archaeology ◽

10.1017/eaa.2019.36 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 567-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yftinus T. van Popta

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Cultural Landscape ◽

Large Scale ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Economic Networks ◽

Late Medieval ◽

Maritime Cultural Landscape ◽

The North ◽

Maritime Culture ◽

North Eastern

This article focuses on the maritime cultural landscape of the former Zuiderzee (ad 1170–1932) in the central part of the Netherlands. Since the large-scale reclamations from the sea (1932–1968), many remains have been discovered, revealing a submerged and eroded late medieval maritime culture, represented by lost islands, drowned settlements, cultivated lands, shipwrecks, and consequently socio-economic networks. Especially the north-eastern part of the region, known today as the Noordoostpolder, is testimony to the dynamic battles of the Dutch against the water. By examining physical and immaterial datasets from the region, it is possible to give a modern-day idea of this late medieval maritime cultural landscape. Spatial distribution and densities of late medieval archaeological remains are analysed and compared to historical data and remote sensing results. This interdisciplinary approach has led to the discovery of the remains of the drowned settlement of Fenehuysen.

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Vegetation Conditions in Sacred Compounds at Myanmar’s Bagan Cultural Heritage Site

Heritage ◽

10.3390/heritage2040170 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 2745-2762

Author(s):

Aung ◽

Shibata

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Alien Species ◽

Cultural Landscape ◽

The Other ◽

Site Management ◽

Canopy Coverage ◽

Heritage Site ◽

The World ◽

A Priority

Scrub vegetation encroaches into the proximity of many monuments at Myanmar’s Bagan Cultural Heritage Site, as can be seen at many other monuments on the world. The extensiveness of scrub vegetation can interfere with the integrity of the cultural landscape when ignored by site management. The current study examined how significant the occurrence of scrub vegetation might be, quantifying the canopy coverage with relative occupancy of other components in the sacred compounds. The sacred compounds in Bagan enclose religious monuments in environments classified as farmland, monastic residences, accessways, shrub-hosting areas, and scrub vegetation. The coverage of scrub vegetation was more than a quarter of the area of sacred compounds, whereas that of shrub-hosting patches was about half. The other components occupied less than one-fifth of the area. The associated occurrence of scrub vegetation indicated the invasion of alien species from the drier hinterland to the riverside of Ayeyarwady. While such a situation reveals site management as a priority, the presence of cultivated farmland in the vicinity of monuments represented suppression of weedy growth that may later facilitate the occurrence of scrub-type plants. This study suggests cultivation as a reasonable practice for the integrity of the cultural landscape and safeguarding the monuments in Bagan.

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