The transformation of ecosystems at urban territories imposes serious threats to the well-being of its inhabitants, both human and non-human. Modern cities represent a random combination of natural and technogenic landscapes, which often have no connections, and therefore are not able to support animal populations. However, the stability of such clustered ecosystem is impossible without the provision of stable flow of energy and matter ensured by living organisms. Being vulnerable to the negative factors of the urban environment, animals are also able to reflect its condition, so by contributing to the diversity of urban fauna it is possible to increase the overall quality of living conditions in a city. However, animals in cities are represented by insects, rodents, domesticated animals and single ubiquist organism, which either cannot be monitored, form real populations or are not desired. Therefore birds are considered to be that part of zoocenosis, which are worth investing efforts in support and development. The research has been conducted to study the avifauna of Kyiv City and major threats to its diversity and populations. The major risks for birds at the territory of Kyiv are formed by the fragmentation of natural landscapes, introduction of new species, pollution of the environment, waste accumulation and physical factors of pollution, namely light and noise. In order to provide the conservation of existing bird associations it is offered to unite a chain of landscapes, joined by close location, well preserved phytocoenosis and favourable conditions for birds' living activity, into protected objects with corresponding legal status. The fundamental element of the future protected areas is chosen to be water bodies of the city. The analysis of suitable and available areas has output a structure of 4 cores, based on lakes of Svytoshynsky, Osokorky, Obolon and Desnyansky districts of Kyiv. They all possess the necessary feature to apply for protected status and are already habitats of urban avifauna. The success of this initiative should be supported by the creation of single management body for all protected areas of Kyiv. The investments in the implementation of the project are estimated and cover organizational and technical actions.
Study of Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure for Low-Hardness P92 Steel
