Technological Change and the Labor Market Situation of Older Workers

1984 ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Andrisani ◽  
Steven H. Sandell
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Market Situation

DIGITALIZATION OF LABOR MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UZBEKISTAN. WORLD EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Sulkhiya Gazieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Logic Circuits ◽  
Digital Logic ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Future

The future of labor market depends upon several factors, long-term innovation and the demographic developments. However, one of the main drivers of technological change in the future is digitalization and central to this development is the production and use of digital logic circuits and its derived technologies, including the computer,the smart phone and the Internet. Especially, smart automation will perhaps not cause e.g.regarding industries, occupations, skills, tasks and duties

EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER PEOPLE IN THE MODERN LABOR MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 409-418
Author(s):  
В.Ю. Бабышев ◽  
Г. А. Барышева
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Medical Advances ◽  
The Impact

В статье рассматривается занятость лиц пожилого возраста в условиях сорвеменных технологических, медицинских и демографических изменений. Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена демографическим старением населения, современными достижениями медицины и изменением характера трудовых операций в результате научно-технического прогресса. В данной статье проверены следующие конкурирующие гипотезы: производительность работников старших возрастных групп находится ниже уровня рентабельности из-за неуклонного ухудшения здоровья или, наоборот, ценность работников старших возрастных групп на современном рынке труда возрастает из-за повышения роли опыта, навыков и квалификации. Дополнительно проанализирован вопрос влияния систем пенсионного обеспечения на мотивацию лиц пожилого возраста к продолжению трудовой деятельности. Для проверки данных гипотез на основе статистики Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития проведен анализ общего уровня занятости, участия в рабочей силе и безработицы, а также временной и неполной занятости по нескольким возрастным группам в диапазоне 15-65 лет и старше. Для оценки динамики проанализирована ситуация на 2000 и 2019 гг. В целом сделан вывод, что количественные и качественные параметры занятости у работников старших возрастных групп уступают среднему рабочему возрасту, однако во временной динамике использование человеческого капитала лиц пожилого возраста растет. В области геронтологии рекомендовано уделять повышенное внимание улучшению здоровья возрастной когорты 65 лет и старше и изменению трудового законодательства в плане стимулирования продолжения трудовой деятельности после официального наступления пенсионного возраста. The article examines the employment of older people in the context of disrupted technological, medical and demographic changes. The relevance of the research topic is due to the demographic aging of the population, modern medical advances and changes in the nature of labor operations as a result of scientific and technological progress. In this article, the following competing hypotheses are tested: the productivity of older workers is below the level of profitability due to a steady decline in health, or vice versa, the value of older workers in the modern labor market is increasing due to the increasing role of experience, skills and qualifications. Additionally, the question of the impact of pension systems on the motivation of older people to continue working is analyzed. To test these hypotheses, based on OECD statistics, we analyzed the overall level of employment, labor force participation and unemployment, as well as temporary and underemployment for several age groups in the range of 15-65+ years. To assess the dynamics, the situation for 2000 and 2019 was analyzed. In general, the author concludes that the quantitative and qualitative parameters of employment of older people are inferior to the average working age, but over time, the use of the human capital of older people is growing. In the field of gerontology, it is recommended to pay increased attention to improving the health of the 65+ age cohort and changing labor legislation in order to stimulate the continuation of work.

Seurantatutkimus erikoissairaanhoidon kuntoutustutkimuspotilaiden työmarkkinatilanteesta, elämänlaadusta sekä koetusta työ- ja toimintakyvystä

Kuntoutus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Minna Savinainen ◽  
Elina Lindgren ◽  
Hannu Heikkilä
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Perceived Work Ability ◽  
Professional Assessment ◽  
Sickness Benefits ◽  
One Year

Työurien pidentämisessä ja työhön osallistumisen lisäämisessä oleellista on tukea myös osatyökykyisten henkilöiden työhön kiinnittymistä ja työssä jatkamista. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää erikoissairaanhoidon kuntoutustutkimuspotilaiden (N = 238) työmarkkinatilanteen, sairausetuuksien käytön, elämänlaadun sekä työ- ja toimintakyvyn muutoksia vuoden kuluttua kuntoutustutkimuksesta. Kuntoutustutkimuksessa olleiden osallistuminen työmarkkinoille sekä ammatilliseen kuntoutukseen lisääntyi ja samalla sairausetuuksien käyttö väheni. Potilaiden elämänlaatu, koettu terveys ja työkyky sekä itsestä huolehtiminen paranivat. Vastaavasti kognitiivinen ja fyysinen toimintakyky sekä osallisuus heikkenivät. Systemaattisella ja moniammatillisella työ- ja toimintakyvyn arvioinnilla voidaan saavuttaa vaikuttavia suunnitelmia työllistymisen edistämiseksi. Abstract Follow-up study on the labor market situation, quality of life and perceived work ability and functioning of patients of a rehabilitation outpatient clinicIn order to prolong working careers and increase participation in work, it is also important to support the attachment and continuation of people with partial ability to work. The aim of the study was to find out the changes in the labor market situation, the use of sick leave, quality of life, and work ability and functioning of the outpatient clinic of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (N=238) during one-year follow-up. Participation in the labor market and vocational rehabilitation of those who participated in rehabilitation increased, and at the same time the use of sickness benefits decreased. Patients’ quality of life, perceived health and work ability, and self-care improved. Correspondingly, cognitive and physical functioning as well as inclusion were impaired. Systematic and multi-professional assessment of work ability and functioning can lead to effective plans to promote employment. Keywords: rehabilitation, employment status, quality of life, work ability, functioning

Who Gets Their First Job at a Large Firm? The Distinct Roles of Education and Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 465-469
Author(s):  
Jaime Arellano-Bover
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Large Firm ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Formative Time ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Job

Young workers' early years in the labor market are a key and formative time. Using data from 31 countries, this article documents the selection of labor market entrants into large firms, which existing literature associates with propitious environments for young workers. The young and inexperienced are underrepresented at large firms compared to experienced and older workers. Entrants who do get their first job at large firms are positively selected in terms of education and cognitive skills. The patterns of large-firm selection (i.e., importance of education vs. skills) somewhat differ between Europe, East and Southeast Asia, and North America.

Economic Context, Labor Market Situation, and Employment Policies

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-40
Author(s):  
Irina Tomescu-Dubrow ◽  
Joshua Kjerulf Dubrow ◽  
Anna Kiersztyn ◽  
Katarzyna Andrejuk ◽  
Marta Kołczyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Market Situation

scholarly journals CHANGES IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN A PANDEMIC (FOR THE RESULTS OF NARRATIVE EXPERT INTERVIEWS)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Education Science

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the changes in HR management practices in Ukrainian enterprises during the pandemic. Introduction of the anti-epidemic restrictions has a large impact on market situation, and labor market in particular, creating a critical situation for enterprises. In such situation new challenges in HR management emerge, which, have being solved successfully, will allow mitigating the consequences of the pandemic for enterprises and workers. Since such conditions are completely novel, there is a lack of the systemic research of the factors that influence managerial decision-making. The article is aimed at the identification and analysis of the most significant challenges emerging in the area of HR management due to the epidemic hazard spread and the introduction of the anti-epidemic restrictions. The research is based on the results of the expert interview with different level managers of the private and state enterprises operating in the areas of education, science, IT, finance and service. Data reveal that the most problematic challenge was the transition to remote work leading to the technical, psychological, and methodical difficulties in the work performance. Moreover, the different level of availability of the remote work in different enterprises and areas conditions unequal influence made by the crisis on workers and the intensification of socioeconomic inequalities. Another important aspect is the informal relationships management and the integration of workers, since consolidated work groups appear more resistant toward the stress of the abrupt changes in working conditions. The situation of uncertainty regarding the future development of the pandemic and the introduction of anti-epidemic measures shortens the strategic planning perspective and bears high conflict potential, which will complicate labor market recession. It is suggested to use the presented results for the further detailed and systemic research of the influence made by the pandemic on the changes in HR management practices in the context of the global transformations of labor relationships.

scholarly journals Impacts of Labor Market Institutions and Demographic Factors on Labor Markets in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (155) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Kugler
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Payroll Taxes ◽  
The Impact

This paper documents recent labor market performance in the Latin American region. The paper shows that unemployment, informality, and inequality have been falling over the past two decades, though still remain high. By contrast, productivity has remained stubbornly low. The paper, then, turns to the potential impacts of various labor market institutions, including employment protection legislation (EPL), minimum wages (MW), payroll taxes, unemployment insurance (UI) and collective bargaining, as well as the impacts of demographic changes on labor market performance. The paper relies on evidence from carefully conducted studies based on micro-data for countries in the region and for other countries with similar income levels to draw conclusions on the impact of labor market institutions and demographic factors on unemployment, informality, inequality and productivity. The decreases in unemployment and informality can be partly explained by the reduced strictness of EPL and payroll taxes, but also by the increased shares of more educated and older workers. By contrast, the fall in inequality starting in 2002 can be explained by a combination of binding MW throughout most of the region and, to a lesser extent, by the introduction of UI systems in some countries and the role of unions in countries with moderate unionization rates. Falling inequality can also be explained by the fall in the returns to skill associated with increased share of more educated and older workers.

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