Large Scale Micropropagation of Jatropha curcas for Quality Germplasm

2012 ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
Aneesha Singh ◽  
J. Chikara
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Large Scale

scholarly journals PENGUKURAN KANDUNGAN AIR TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (JATROPHA CURCAS L.) SOIL WATER CONTENT MEASUREMENT UNDER JATROPHA CROP (JATROPHA CURCAS L.)

Agromet ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gusti Rusmayadi ◽  
Bregas Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rainfall Condition ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Four Levels

<p>Management strategies development for efficient water utilization of crop production requires sensitive measurements of changes in soil water content on a dynamic basis. Many of the methods currently used for measuring these changes are destructive, slow, or relatively expensive for large-scale investigations. A sensor that low-cost, nondestructive soil moisture sensor for measuring changes in soil volumetric water content on the basis of changes in the dielectric constant of the soil water were available. So, this research was carried out to quantify soil water content on Jatropha under rainfall condition, four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N) and two population densities (P). The experiments used a systematic Nelder fan design with 9 spokes and 4 rings were conducted at SEAMEO-BIOTROP field experiment in 2007. Based on evaluation this instrument can use to measurement soil water content in various environment.</p>

scholarly journals Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: an option for climate change mitigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1221-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Becker ◽  
V. Wulfmeyer ◽  
T. Berger ◽  
J. Gebel ◽  
W. Münch
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract. We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 tonnes of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (averaged over 20 yr). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to reduce significantly the current upward trend in atmospheric CO2 levels. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 € per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface-atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level.

scholarly journals Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: an option for climate change mitigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Becker ◽  
V. Wulfmeyer ◽  
T. Berger ◽  
J. Gebel ◽  
W. Münch
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract. We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 t of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (over a 20 yr period). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to have a significant impact on atmospheric CO2 levels at least for several decades. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 EUR per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface–atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level. In such areas, plant growth and CO2 storage could continue until permanent woodland or forest had been established. In other areas, salinization of the soil may limit plant growth to 2–3 decades whereupon irrigation could be ceased and the captured carbon stored as woody biomass.

Siddhast Technique: a new vegetative multiplication and water conservative technique for Jatropha curcas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Kshitij Malhotra ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Vidya Dhar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vegetative Multiplication ◽  
Normal Procedure ◽  
Electricity Infrastructure

Energy security is one of the prime concerns of any developing/developed nation and India ranks sixth in the world in terms of energy demand. The Indian economy is expected to grow at a rate of over 6 per cent per annum. The petroleum imports are expected to rise to 166 MT by 2019 and 622 MT by 2047, hence there is a growing need for energy security. Jatropha curcas has the potential to become a significant source of renewable energy if improved varieties are developed which can achieve its potential in terms of oil yield per hectare in marginal land. For vegetative multiplication, we have successfully carried out air layering in Jatropha curcas through siddhast technique, where a stem is induced to form roots using Rooter Strand while branch is still intact on the parent plant. Virtually no extra water is required to be given to the parent tree to produce a rooted plant. Here, we examined the competency of eight Rooter Strands vis-à-vis two conventional techniques of air layering i.e. tourniquet and gootee. Results showed that time for root initiation did not vary with treatments. In branches tied with Rooter Strand rooting started in minimum 3 weeks; the average root initiation period with Rooter strand was 4.56-6.66 weeks of installation. However, both conventional techniques T9 and T10 required 8.05 weeks and 6.40 weeks, respectively, to start root initiation. Significantly better rooting observed as compared with tourniquet technique and highest 100 per cent rooting was recorded in Rooter Strand-2, 31 and 41 along with control. Significant difference also observed among all the treatments representing Rooter Strand showed usually 83 per cent or higher for survival percent. This technique is very easy and does not require much skill. This technique has the advantages of air layering i.e. less need for physical inputs (water, electricity, infrastructure, etc). It reduces water consumption up to 90 per cent and electricity 100 per cent as compared to tissue culture. Thus, this technique is very conservative from cuttings and much faster than normal procedure of air layering for producing true-to-type plant material and can be adopted for multiplication of superior varieties of this species for their large-scale deployment for biodiesel production to ensure sustainable development with least water requirement.

Growth performance, variability in yield traits and oil content of selected accessions of Jatropha curcas L. growing in a large scale plantation site

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 3936-3942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Srivastava ◽  
Soumit K. Behera ◽  
Jyoti Gupta ◽  
Sarah Jamil ◽  
Nandita Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Performance Variability

scholarly journals Tissue-specific accumulation profiles of phorbol esters in Jatropha curcas and gene induction in response to abiotic and biotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wei ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Caixin Fan ◽  
Tingwei Dai ◽  
Shijuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phorbol Esters ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Tumor Promoter ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Biotic Stresses

AbstractJatropha curcas L. (J. curcas), a shrub plant of the Euphorbiaceae family, has received enormous attention as a promising biofuel plant for the production of biodiesel and medical potential in ethnopharmacology. However, the tumor-promoter toxin phorbol esters present in J. curcas raises concerns for health and environmental risk as its large-scale cultivation limits the use of meal obtained after oil extraction for animal feed. Here, we determined the variation of phorbol ester profiles and contents in eight J. curcas tissues by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and found phorbol esters present in all parts of the plant except the seed shell. We showed tissue-specific patterns of accumulation of phorbol esters and associated terpenoids at the transcriptomic level with high transcript levels in reproductive and young tissues. Genes involved in the same module of terpenoids biosynthesis were positively correlated. We further present diverse abiotic and biotic stresses that had different effects on the accumulation of transcripts in terpenoids shared and branched terpenoid pathways in plant seedlings. The fine-tuning of terpenoids biosynthesis may link with ecological functions in plants under extreme environments and defense against pathogens.

scholarly journals Reproductive success and compatibility among accessions of Jatropha curcas in Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Endah R. Palupi ◽  
Ade S. Ahmad ◽  
Rofiq Affandi ◽  
Abdul Qadir ◽  
Eni Randriani
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
West Java ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Pollination Methods

Large scale exploitation of Jatropha curcas for biofuelproduction is restrained by low productivity henceeconomically not protable. One of the main constraintsis due to limited number of female owers in aninorescence which eventually develop into fruits thatbear seed. Investigation on oral biology andreproductive potential of the species had been carriedout, but seems to vary among sites. The research wasconducted to study reproductive success and thecompatibility among Indonesian Jatropha accessions.The research was set up in two experiments. The rstexperiment was conducted at the Jatropha seedorchard, Pakuwon, Sukabumi, West Java from April toJuly 2007 using four-year- old trees of accessions fromLampung, Banten, West Java, and Central Java. Thesecond experiment was conducted at LeuwikopoExperimental Station of Bogor Agricultural Universityfrom April to July 2008 using one-year-old trees ofaccessions from Lampung, Bengkulu, Palembang, andKediri. Flowers were obtained from controlled self andcross-pollinated as well as left for open-pollination. Theresult showed that reproductive success varied amongaccessions; the greatest success was 0.73 obtainedfrom aWest Java accession and the least was 0.53 fromBanten accession. The Jatropha accessions werecategorized as partially self-incompatible as indicatedby index of self-incompatibility (ISI) that ranged 0.93-0.99. Banten accession produced highly viable andvigorous seeds regardless of pollination methods;accessions of Central Java produced higher viabilityseeds when cross-pollinated within accession, whereasthose from West Java and Lampung produced higherviability seeds when self-pollinated.Keywords: accessions, Jatropha curcas, selfpollination,self-incompatibility, seedviability

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Large-scale Motion of Solar Filaments

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Pavel Ambrož ◽  
Alfred Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Proper Motion ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Solar Filaments ◽  
General Movement ◽  
Scale Motion ◽  
Velocity Scatter

AbstractPrecise measurements of heliographic position of solar filaments were used for determination of the proper motion of solar filaments on the time-scale of days. The filaments have a tendency to make a shaking or waving of the external structure and to make a general movement of whole filament body, coinciding with the transport of the magnetic flux in the photosphere. The velocity scatter of individual measured points is about one order higher than the accuracy of measurements.

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