Anxiety and Physical Symptoms: Recent Findings on Panic Disorder

1991 ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Anke Ehlers ◽  
Jürgen Margraf
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Physical Symptoms

Analysis of Posts on Social Network Service related to Panic Disorder using Text Mining (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon-Ju Jeon ◽  
Sung-Man Bae
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Term Frequency ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Word Clouds ◽  
N Gram ◽  
And Coping

BACKGROUND Panic attacks have different clinical characteristics among individuals and countries, characterizing time, place, and symptoms are not clearly predictable OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze crucial keywords related to panic disorder and identify various clinical characteristics of panic attacks METHODS We collected 8,728 Twitter posts related to panic disorder from January 1 to December 4, 2020. First, we analyzed crucial and simultaneous emergence keywords related to panic disorder. For this, Term frequency, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, degree centrality, and N-gram analyses were conducted using Rstudio and TEXTOM and visualized as word clouds. Also, we classfied results of Term frequency for panic disorder into physical symptoms, triggers, time, place, affect, pathology, person, and coping. RESULTS First, depression, drugs, respiration, and stress were keywords related to panic disorder. Next, hyperventilation, palpitations, and shaking were common physical symptoms. Stress, sound, trauma, and coffee were also ranked high in terms of triggering situations. Additionally, in terms of time, morning, night, and dawn accounted for most of the time. Meanwhile, homes, schools, subways, and companies were ranked high as places of occurrence. Regarding affect, fear, tears, and embarrassment were also common. Furthermore, anxiety and depression were ranked high in terms of pathology. Finally, drugs and hospitals were ranked high in terms of coping. CONCLUSIONS These results help to understand the main characteristics of panic disorder and various aspects of unexpected panic attacks and are expected to be a basis for identifying the characteristic clinical aspects of panic disorder among Koreans.

Residual symptoms and comorbidity in panic disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Corominas ◽  
Tina Guerrero ◽  
Julio Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
A Minor

SummaryBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the outcome of the comorbid conditions of panic disorder after 1 year of treatment, emphasizing the detection of residual symptoms and their relationship to other clinical variables.MethodsSubjects (N=64) were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Comorbidity with other disorders, scores on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were assessed at baseline and after 12 months. Criteria for residual anxiety/somatic symptoms were defined.ResultsReduction in generalized anxiety disorder rates accounted for a significant decrease in comorbidity at 1-year follow-up, with regard to baseline assessment.When the more severe symptoms of the disorder had remitted, a third of the patients referred physical symptoms with some concern over a fluctuating state of anxiety. The said symptoms were neither a recurrence of panic disorder nor did they account for other anxiety or somatoform disorders. Lower scores on extraversion predict higher risk of residual symptoms.DiscussionThe persistence of residual anxiety/somatic symptoms in a third of the patients who apparently achieved a good response to treatment of panic disorder might characterize a minor form of chronic persistence of this condition.ConclusionThe subgroup of patients with residual symptoms would not be detectable by follow-up studies, which focus on the assessment of relapse of panic disorder by means of strictly defined diagnostic criteria.

Body-Image Correlates of Anxiety in a Sample of Male Alcoholics

1991 ◽  
Vol 68 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1309-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl F. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Physical Symptoms

Body-image testing of 10 male alcoholics with and 7 without anxiety disorders showed those with panic disorder had low barrier scores. Those with phobias emphasized their hearts and those with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder emphasized their backs. The barrier score correlated positively with both intensity of physical symptoms and with sense of blocked body openings.

scholarly journals Is panic disorder a disorder of physical fitness? A heuristic proposal

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Perna ◽  
Daniela Caldirola
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Currently, panic disorder (PD) is considered a mental disorder based on the assumptions that panic attacks (PAs) are “false alarms” that arise from abnormally sensitive defense systems in the central nervous system and that PD is treated with therapies specifically acting on anxiety or fear mechanisms. This article aims to propose an alternative perspective based on the results of some experimental studies. Our heuristic proposal suggests not only that PD may be a mental disorder but also that patients with PD have real abnormal body functioning, mainly involving cardiorespiratory and balance systems, leading to a decline in global physical fitness. PAs, as well as physical symptoms or discomfort in some environmental situations, may be “real alarms” signaling that the adaptability resources of an organism are insufficient to respond appropriately to some internal or external changes, thus representing the transient conscious awareness of an imbalance in body functioning. The antipanic properties of several modern treatments for PD may include their beneficial effects on body functions. Although anxiety or fear mechanisms are evidently involved in PD, we hypothesize that a reduction of physical fitness is the “primum movens” of PD, while anxiety or fear is induced and sustained by repeated signals of impaired body functioning. We propose considering panic in a broader perspective that offers a central role to the body and to contemplate the possible role of somatic treatments in PD.

Symptom Specificity in Patients with Panic

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lelliott ◽  
Christopher Bass
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Voluntary Hyperventilation ◽  
Panic Symptoms

Thirteen patients with panic disorder with predominantly cardiorespiratory (CR) symptoms were compared with seven patients with predominantly gastrointestinal (Gl) symptoms in an experimental procedure that involved exposure to phobia talk and voluntary hyperventilation (VHV). The CR patients had not only higher baseline anxiety, but also during phobia talk had a greater fall in pCO2 and reported more respiratory symptoms than the Gl patients. Moreover, the CR group found VHV more unpleasant and more like their panic attacks than the Gl panickers, and reported more physical symptoms after it. These findings suggest that patients with PD are not only heterogeneous with respect to the system to which panic symptoms refer (CR or Gl) but that provoking arousal in one system is more likely to produce distress if that system is the major focus of complaint. These findings, if replicated, would not support the suggestion that panic disorder is a uniform illness.

scholarly journals GANGGUAN PANIK DENGAN AGORAFOBIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Yaslinda Yaunin
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Loss Control ◽  
Severe Anxiety

AbstrakSerangan Panik ditandai dengan gejala anxietas yang berat seperti: berdebar-debar, nyeri dada, sesak nafas, tremor, pusing, merasa dingin atau panas, ada depersonalisasi atau derealisasi, gejala mencapai puncaknya dalam 10 menit. Gangguan Panik merupakan serangan panik yang berulang-ulang dengan onset cepat dan durasi sangat singkat. Karena adanya keluhan fisik berat pada waktu serangan, pasien menjadi ketakutan mereka akan mendapat serangan jantung, stroke dan lain-lain. Kadang pasien berfikir mereka akan kehilangan kontrol atau menjadi gila. Lama-lama pasien akan menghindari tempat-tempat atau situasi serangan paniknya pernah terjadi terutama tempat kegiatan sosial atau tempat yang susah untuk menyelamatkan diri, hal ini dianggap sebagai penyebab terjadinya Agorafobia. Gangguan Panik bisa disebabkan faktor biologik,genetik atau psikososial. Penatalaksanaan sebaiknya kombinasi Psikofarmaka dan Psikoterapi. Pada kasus ini seorang wanita 26 tahun datang dengan keluhan seperti serangan panik berulang sejak 6 bulan sebelumnya, yang tidak mendapat pengobatan adekuat sehingga jatuh menjadi Gangguan Panik dengan Agorafobia. Kalau dilihat etilogi sesuai teori psikososial: pasien ini mengalami cukup banyak trauma pada masa anak yaitu dengan perceraian orangtua, hidup penuh stresor bersama tante serta ibu tiri pada masa-masa sekolah. Ketika tinggal bersama ibu kandung pasien sering menyaksikan pertengkaran ibu dan bapak tirinya. Dengan pemberian Psikofarmaka yang dikombinasi dengan Psikoterapi memberi hasil yang cukup baik.Kata kunci: Serangan Panik,Gangguan Panik, AgorafobiaAbstractPanic Attack is characterized by severe anxiety symptoms: palpitation, chest pain, dyspnoe, tremor, dizziness, chills or hot, depersonalization or derealization, the symptoms reached a peak within 10 minutes. Panic Disorder is several time got Panic Att.ack with rapid onset and short very duration. Because of the physical symptoms during the attack, patient become afraid that they will have heart attack, become stroke etc.Sometimes patient think they will loss control or be crazy. By the time patient will avoid the place and situation their panic attack have occured, especially social activities or the place which escape would be formidable is thought to cause the Agoraphobia. Etilogy of Panic Disorder can be biological factors, genetic or psychosocial factors. The most effective treatments are combine pharmacotherapy and psychoterapy.In this case report a 26 years woman come with chief complain like panic attack many time since 6 moths before, cause of not get adequate treatment patient become PanicLAPORAN KASUS235Disorder with Agoraphobia. From etiology we consider psychosocial factors: patient had many psychosocial trauma since she was a child that is divorced of her parent, live with her auntie and step mother full with stressor during her schooltime, When she live with her mother, she often face the disharmony of her mother and her step father. With the combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotearpy give good result.Key word : Panic Attack, Panic Disorder. Agoraphobia.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Association of Physical Morbidity and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Representative Sample of Older German People

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Markus A. Wirtz ◽  
Matthias Morfeld ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
German Population ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract. The association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Short-Form Health Survey-12; SF-12) and patient-reported morbidity-related symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) is analyzed in a representative sample of older people in the general German population. Data from 1,659 people aged 60 to 85 years were obtained. Latent class analysis identified six classes of patients, which optimally categorize clusters of physical symptoms the participants reported: musculoskeletal impairments (39.8%), healthy (25.7%), musculoskeletal and respiratory/cardiac impairments (12.8%), musculoskeletal and respiratory impairments, along with bowel and digestion problems (12.9%), general impairments (4.9%), and general impairments with no bowel and digestion problems (4.8%). The participants’ SF-12 Physical Health Scores (η2 = .39) and their Mental Health Scores (η2 = .28) are highly associated with these latent classes. These associations remain virtually identical after controlling for age. The results provide evidence that profiles of patient-reported physical impairments correspond strongly with reduced HRQoL independently from aging processes.

Identifying Patterns in Complex Field Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. White ◽  
Dieter Kleinböhl ◽  
Thomas Lang ◽  
Alfons O. Hamm ◽  
Alexander L. Gerlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Complex Field ◽  
Cluster Assignment ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Conventional Analysis

Abstract. Ambulatory assessment methods are well suited to examine how patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia (PD/A) undertake situational exposure. But under complex field conditions of a complex treatment protocol, the variability of data can be so high that conventional analytic approaches based on group averages inadequately describe individual variability. To understand how fear responses change throughout exposure, we aimed to demonstrate the incremental value of sorting HR responses (an index of fear) prior to applying averaging procedures. As part of their panic treatment, 85 patients with PD/A completed a total of 233 bus exposure exercises. Heart rate (HR), global positioning system (GPS) location, and self-report data were collected. Patients were randomized to one of two active treatment conditions (standard exposure or fear-augmented exposure) and completed multiple exposures in four consecutive exposure sessions. We used latent class cluster analysis (CA) to cluster heart rate (HR) responses collected at the start of bus exposure exercises (5 min long, centered on bus boarding). Intra-individual patterns of assignment across exposure repetitions were examined to explore the relative influence of individual and situational factors on HR responses. The association between response types and panic disorder symptoms was determined by examining how clusters were related to self-reported anxiety, concordance between HR and self-report measures, and bodily symptom tolerance. These analyses were contrasted with a conventional analysis based on averages across experimental conditions. HR responses were sorted according to form and level criteria and yielded nine clusters, seven of which were interpretable. Cluster assignment was not stable across sessions or treatment condition. Clusters characterized by a low absolute HR level that slowly decayed corresponded with low self-reported anxiety and greater self-rated tolerance of bodily symptoms. Inconsistent individual factors influenced HR responses less than situational factors. Applying clustering can help to extend the conventional analysis of highly variable data collected in the field. We discuss the merits of this approach and reasons for the non-stereotypical pattern of cluster assignment across exposures.

The Facts About Panic Disorder: The Facts

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Karper
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document