scholarly journals Interactions of Beams with Surroundings

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-203
Author(s):  
M. Brugger ◽  
H. Burkhardt ◽  
B. Goddard ◽  
F. Cerutti ◽  
R. G. Alia
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Fixed Target Experiments ◽  
Secondary Particles ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Energy Particles ◽  
Energy Physics

AbstractWith the exceptions of Synchrotron Radiation sources, beams of accelerated particles are generally designed to interact either with one another (in the case of colliders) or with a specific target (for the operation of Fixed Target experiments, the production of secondary beams and for medical applications). However, in addition to the desired interactions there are unwanted interactions of the high energy particles which can produce undesirable side effects. These interactions can arise from the unavoidable presence of residual gas in the accelerator vacuum chamber, or from the impact of particles lost from the beam on aperture limits around the accelerator, as well as the final beam dump. The wanted collisions of the beams in a collider to produce potentially interesting High Energy Physics events also reduces the density of the circulating beam and can produce high fluxes of secondary particles.

scholarly journals The Impact of Microelectronics on High Energy Physics Innovation: The Role of 65 nm CMOS Technology on New Generation Particle Detectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Demaria
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Physics

The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN will constitute a new frontier for the particle physics after the year 2027. Experiments will undertake a major upgrade in order to stand this challenge: the use of innovative sensors and electronics will have a main role in this. This paper describes the recent developments in 65 nm CMOS technology for readout ASIC chips in future High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. These allow unprecedented performance in terms of speed, noise, power consumption and granularity of the tracking detectors.

scholarly journals Impact of detector simulation in particle physics collider experiments - highlights

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
V. Daniel Elvira
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Detector Simulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Journal Submission ◽  
Energy Physics

Detector simulation has become fundamental to the success of modern high-energy physics (HEP) experiments. For example, the Geant4-based simulation applications developed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments played a major role for them to produce physics measurements of unprecedented quality and precision with faster turnaround, from data taking to journal submission, than any previous hadron collider experiment. The material presented here contains highlights of a recent review on the impact of detector simulation in particle physics collider experiments published in Ref. [1]. It includes examples of applications to detector design and optimization, software development and testing of computing infrastructure, and modeling of physics objects and their kinematics. The cost and economic impact of simulation in the CMS experiment is also presented. A discussion on future detector simulation needs, challenges and potential solutions to address them is included at the end.

scholarly journals Influence of Backside Energy Leakages from Hadronic Calorimeters on Fluctuation Measures in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Andrey Seryakov
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
System Size ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Energy Physics

The phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter is the main research subject for different current and future experiments in high-energy physics. System size and energy scan programs aim to find a possible critical point. One of such programs was accomplished by the fixed-target NA61/SHINE experiment in 2018. It includes six beam energies and six colliding systems: p + p, Be + Be, Ar + Sc, Xe + La, Pb + Pb and p + Pb. In this study, we discuss how the efficiency of centrality selection by forward spectators influences multiplicity and fluctuation measures and how this influence depends on the size of colliding systems. We use SHIELD and EPOS Monte-Carlo (MC) generators along with the wounded nucleon model, introduce a probability to lose a forward spectator and spectator energy loss. We show that for light colliding systems such as Be or Li even a small inefficiency in centrality selection has a dramatic impact on multiplicity scaled variance. Conversely, heavy systems such as Ar + Sc are much less prone to the effect.

Neural network trigger algorithms for heavy quark event selection in a fixed target high energy physics experiment

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Gupta ◽  
Anand M. Upadhye ◽  
Bruce Denby ◽  
Salvator R. Amendolia ◽  
Giovanni Grieco
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Heavy Quark ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Event Selection ◽  
Physics Experiment ◽  
Energy Physics

THE MAIN INJECTOR FACILITY: A NEW TOOL FOR HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AT FERMILAB

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (supp01c) ◽  
pp. 1187-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. BHAT
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Accelerator Complex ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
The Future ◽  
Proton Injector ◽  
Energy Physics

The Main Injector(MI) and the Recycler Ring (RR) are newly built synchrotrons in the Fermilab Accelerator complex. Many new features have been incorporated in their design and are tested. MI has already served as a 150 GeV proton injector to the Tevatron during the final stages of 1998-1999 800 GeV fixed target HEP experiments. Presently, MI is in use for collider Run-II commissioning. The MI and the RR will play major roles in the future HEP programs at Fermilab.

scholarly journals Custom Scrubbing for Robust Configuration Hardening in Xilinx FPGAs

Instruments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Giordano ◽  
Dario Barbieri ◽  
Sabrina Perrella ◽  
Roberto Catalano
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Serial Link ◽  
Gate Arrays ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Programmable Gate Arrays ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Physics

The usage of SRAM-based Field Programmable Gate Arrays on High Energy Physics detectors is mostly limited by the sensitivity of these devices to radiation-induced upsets in their configuration. These effects may alter the functionality until the next reconfiguration of the device. In this work, we present the radiation testing of a high-speed serial link hardened by a new, custom scrubber designed for Xilinx FPGAs. We compared the performance of our scrubber to the Xilinx Single Event Mitigation (SEM) controller and we measured the impact of the scrubbers on the reliability of the link. Our results show that our scrubber may improve reliability up to 23 times over the SEM.

scholarly journals Bruno Touschek: From Betatrons to Electron–Positron Colliders

2015 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
pp. 269-290
Author(s):  
Carlo Bernardini ◽  
Giulia Pancheri ◽  
Claudio Pellegrini
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Storage Ring ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Storage Rings ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Beam Instabilities ◽  
Energy Physics

Bruno Touschek’s life as a physicist spanned the period from World War II to the 1970s. He was a key figure in the developments of electron–positron colliders and storage rings, and made important contributions to theoretical high energy physics. Storage rings, initially developed for high energy physics, are being widely used in many countries as synchrotron radiation sources and are a tool for research in physics, chemistry, biology, environmental sciences and cultural heritage studies. We describe Touschek’s life in Austria, where he was born, in Germany, where he participated in the construction of a betatron during WWII, and in Italy, where he proposed and led to completion the first electron–positron storage ring in 1960, in Frascati. We highlight how his central European culture influenced his lifestyle and work, and his main contributions to physics, such as the discovery of the Touschek effect and beam instabilities in the larger storage ring ADONE.

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