The ‘Native Speaker’ Frame: Establishing a Theoretical Framework

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-75
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theoretical Framework

Reconsideration of Russian colloquialism from the perspective of Vietnamese language tradition

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Thuy Duong Trinh ◽  
Viktor Mikhailovich Shaklein
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Economical Method ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Special Meaning

This article is dedicated to one of the patterns in development of Russian colloquialism – reconsideration of the key meaning of casual words through metaphorization and metonymization. The goal of this work consists in examination of the trend inherent to Russian colloquialism throughout its evolution, which consists in transferring the meaning of casual words for their use in the field of term formation, as well as in analysis of this phenomenon from the perspective of a Vietnamese native speaker. The article studies the prerequisites that contribute to active use of the colloquialism in formation of special terminology; describes the process of transformation of the meaning of casual words for creating a new terminological meaning; considers the possibilities of formation of special meaning of casual words using metaphors and metonymy. The theoretical framework of this research is comprised of the works of Russian and Vietnamese linguists on reconsideration of colloquialism in term formation. Terms from the various academic fields served as the material for this research. The scientific novelty lies in interpretation of reconsideration of colloquialism as the most economical method for enriching Russian language vocabulary via potential of lexical unites present therein. Practical significance of this study is substantiated by the fact that the acquired results can be used in preparing special curricula, educational materials on lexicology, as well as in teaching Russian language as foreign to Vietnamese audience.

Quantified Optimality and the Phonological Parsing of Korean Sov Sentences

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
David J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Rating Data ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Phonological Phrase

Abstract. In an attempt to understand the variable nature of phonological phrasing in Korean, this study analyzes intuitional judgments of 53 native speakers of Korean who evaluated possible phonological phrasings of simple Subject-Object-Verb sentences: [S]-[OV], [SO]-[V], [SOV], and [S]-[O]-[V]. Analysis of the quantified rating data reveals a strong preference for a subject-predicate phrasing ([S]-[OV]) and a distinct dispreference for the phrasing in which the subject and object were grouped into a single phonological constituent ([SO]-[V]). These preferences are then analyzed in the context of a constraint-based theoretical framework; by extending the Optimality Theory (OT) notion of "ranking" to include not only constraints but also candidates, we corroborate the existence of preference patterns in native-speaker intuitions regarding the phrasing of [SOV]. These patterns are explained by referencing three putatively universal constraints that govern the phonological phrase formation: one that aligns phonological phrases with syntactic phrases, a second that requires phonological phrases to be binary branching, and a third that limits the weight of phonological phrases to five syllables. Although the quantitative data and the proposed OT account are not in complete agreement, the account put forward should encourage further research into a more comprehensive integration of variation studies and OT.

Valency and English learners’ thesauri

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Gao ◽  
Haitao Liu
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Lexical Information ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
Learner Corpora ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Lexical Items

Abstract Learners’ thesauri do not simply offer an inventory of semantically related lexical items but explicate their nuances and furnish users with rich syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic information. Adopting the theoretical framework of valency, this study examines the distinctive features of two English learners’ thesauri, the Oxford Learner’s Thesaurus: A Dictionary of Synonyms (OLT) and the Longman Language Activator (LLA). Furthermore, the study, supported by learner corpus evidence, empirically assesses the usefulness of OLT and LLA in Chinese learners’ writing. The results demonstrate that learners’ thesauri can generally meet the practical needs of users in writing through providing a range of synonyms and syntactic patterns, including abundant information on semantic collocations, and offering rich pragmatic information regarding registers and emotive variables. The results also show some defects in OLT and LLA, such as their failure to present specific syntactic patterns, including those frequently used in Chinese learners’ compositions. It is then suggested that the compilation of learners’ thesauri draw upon the ways in which lexical information is presented in the English Valency Dictionary, and that learner corpora and native speaker corpora be combined to improve their usefulness.

Finding the connections between native-speakerism and authenticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lowe ◽  
Richard Pinner
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Perceptions

AbstractNative-speakerism and authenticity are two subjects that have been written on extensively in the field of English language teaching, but the links between the two have yet to be explored in any great depth. This paper extensively reviews the literature on native-speakerism and authenticity and outlines where the connections between these two concepts, both practical and theoretical, may lie. Native-speakerism and authenticity are first briefly introduced and contextualised separately, and a theoretical framework is then presented to explain the connections between them based on the key foundational topics of authority, culturism, and cultural capital. Following this, the paper moves on to explain how these connections manifest in the ELT industry to influence the lives of ‘non-native speaker’ teachers in terms of student perceptions, self-perceptions, and professional discrimination, and how these are both influential on, and propagated by, the sales rhetoric of the ELT industry. Finally some suggestions are given for possible avenues of future research.

scholarly journals Social identity and language ideology: challenging hegemonic visions of English in Brazil

Gragoatá ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (42) ◽  
pp. 370-392
Author(s):  
Joel Austin Windle
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Language Ideology ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
First Person ◽  
Linguistic Ideologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Practices

This paper seeks to investigate the social identities connected to English in Brazil by connecting these to linguistic ideologies, and reflecting on how they may be challenged. It is based on first-person narration of “critical moments” from the perspective of an English language “native speaker” migrant to Brazil. The reflections identify how race is intimately connected to the “native speaker” category, theorised through the notions of “racial acceptability” and “racial capital”, drawing on a Bourdieusian theoretical framework. The article concludes with examples of challenges to the “native speaker” model in the hybrid linguistic practices of Brazilian youth.--- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n42a894---Original in English.

Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrthe Faber
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Mental Content ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Stefan Brodoehl ◽  
Gerd F. Volk ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽  
Otto W. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating the Congruency of Organizational Practice

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Robinson ◽  
Allison N. Tenbrink ◽  
Rodger W. Griffeth
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Organizational Practice
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