scholarly journals Towards a Public Sector Data Culture: Data as an Individual and Communal Resource in Progressing Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Petter Falk
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Data Culture ◽  
Sector Data ◽  
Sound Data

AbstractAn increased use of data has swept through many policy areas and shaped procedural and substantive policy instruments. Hence, citizens and governments, as both producers and consumers of data, become intertwined in even more complex ways. But the inherent logic of data-driven services and systems sometimes challenges the prerequisites and ideals of liberal democracy. Though a democratically sound data-practice and data-culture is crucial for ensuring a democratic usage of citizens data, discourse tends to overlook these aspects. Drawing on insights from the project Democracy Data, this chapter explores the opportunities and obstacles for establishing democratically oriented public sector data cultures.

scholarly journals Digitalization of security in the energy sector: evolution of EU law and policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-367
Author(s):  
Mikko Rajavuori ◽  
Kaisa Huhta
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Security Discourse

Abstract This article analyses the dynamics and implications of the digitalization of security in the energy sector. Based on an evolutionary review of legal and policy instruments, we map the pace and internal dynamics of the digitalization of security in the European Union over the past 15 years. Our analysis reveals substantial changes in the conceptions and dynamics of security in the energy sector. First, we find that digitalization has only recently penetrated into the core of the energy sector’s security paradigm. Secondly, we uncover a significant disconnect in the conceptualization of the risk as against the opportunities associated with digitalization. Thirdly, we identify the growing influence of cross-sectoral instruments in the energy sector. Fourthly, we find that energy security does not feature in the overarching security discourse relating to the use of data-driven technologies in the energy sector. The findings illustrate the difficulties that managers, policymakers and researchers face when trying to keep up with the rapid technological change in the energy transition and the ensuing evolution of the energy sector’s security paradigm.

scholarly journals On the Experimental, Numerical and Data-Driven Methods to Study Urban Flows

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Pablo Torres ◽  
Soledad Le Clainche ◽  
Ricardo Vinuesa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Thermal Fields ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
New Research

Understanding the flow in urban environments is an increasingly relevant problem due to its significant impact on air quality and thermal effects in cities worldwide. In this review we provide an overview of efforts based on experiments and simulations to gain insight into this complex physical phenomenon. We highlight the relevance of coherent structures in urban flows, which are responsible for the pollutant-dispersion and thermal fields in the city. We also suggest a more widespread use of data-driven methods to characterize flow structures as a way to further understand the dynamics of urban flows, with the aim of tackling the important sustainability challenges associated with them. Artificial intelligence and urban flows should be combined into a new research line, where classical data-driven tools and machine-learning algorithms can shed light on the physical mechanisms associated with urban pollution.

scholarly journals The DEA Method and its Application Possibilities for Measuring Efficiency in the Public Sector—The Case of Local Public Employment Services

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ewa Cichowicz ◽  
Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska ◽  
Monika Dędys ◽  
Maria Ekes
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measuring Efficiency ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Unemployed

Public Employment Services (PES) are identified as important institutions in the process of improving the match between supply and demand in the labor market, which, despite their importance, still do not achieve the desired efficiency. The indicated problem is partly due to the lack of appropriate evaluation methods for the applied labor market policy instruments. This paper aims to verify the possibility of using the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method in measuring the efficiency of public sector entities. The authors focused on 39 PES operating in Mazovia province, Poland in 2019. In the first stage, the model of technical efficiency of local PES included six variables (four inputs and two outputs). Only seven PES obtained full efficiency. The inefficiency of analyzed PES varied from about 1% to 80%. In the second stage, the attention focuses on the relationship between true unknown efficiency and its determinants (five environmental variables, both demand and supply oriented). Then, the regression coefficients and confidence intervals showed that three out of five variables influence the efficiency results, the share of the long-term unemployed, the share of the unemployed under 30, and the share of the unemployed over 50 in the total number of unemployed.

scholarly journals A Physical Organic Approach to Tuning Reagents for Selective and Stable Methionine Bioconjugation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Christian ◽  
Shang Jia ◽  
Patricia Zhang ◽  
Arismel Tena Meza ◽  
Matthew S. Sigman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
Driving Stability ◽  
Peptide Stapling ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Unique Chemical

We report a data-driven, physical organic approach to the development of new methionine-selective bioconjugation reagents with tunable adduct stabilities. Statistical modeling of structural features described by intrinsic physical organic parameters was applied to the development of a predictive model and to gain insight into features driving stability of adducts formed from the chemoselective coupling of oxaziridine and methionine thioether partners through Redox Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT). From these analyses, a correlation between sulfimide stabilities and sulfimide  (C=O) stretching frequencies was revealed. We ex-ploited the rational gains in adduct stability exposed by this analysis to achieve the design and synthesis of a bis-oxaziridine reagent for peptide stapling. Indeed, we observed that a macrocyclic peptide formed by ReACT stapling at methionine exhibited improved uptake into live cells compared to an unstapled congener, highlighting the potential utility of this unique chemical tool for thioether modification. This work provides a template for the broader use of data-driven approaches to bioconjugation chemistry and other chemical biology applications.

scholarly journals Analysis of Decision Making Process in Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game

The Winners ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Mochamad Sandy Triady ◽  
Ami Fitri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Data Driven Decision Making ◽  
General Manager ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Bottom Position ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Baseball Team

Billy Beanes’s success in using data-driven decision making in baseball industry is wonderfully written by Michael Lewis in Moneyball. As a general manager in baseball team that were in the bottom position of the league from the financial side to acquire the players, Beane, along with his partner, explored the use of data in choosing the team’s player. They figured out how to determine the worth of every player.The process was not smooth, due to the condition of baseball industry that was not common with using advanced statistic in acquiring   players. Many teams still use the old paradigm that rely on experts’ judgments, intuition, or experience in decision making process. Moneyball approached that using data-driven decision making gave excellent result for Beane’s team. The team won 20 gamessequently in the 2002 season and also spent the lowest cost per win than other teams.This paper attempts to review the principles of Moneyball – The Art of Winning an Unfair Game as a process of decision making and gives what we can learn from the story in order to win the games, the unfair games.

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