Earthquake Ground Motion Scenarios for the City of Ruse

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
Dimcho Solakov ◽  
Stela Simeonova ◽  
Plamena Raykova ◽  
Boyko Rangelov ◽  
Constantin Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motion Scenarios ◽  
The City

Micro-Tremor Data Analysis for Site Response Studies of Srinagar, Garhwal (India)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Singh Chauhan ◽  
Abha Mittal ◽  
Gayatri Devi ◽  
Anirudh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Site Response ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Thick Overburden ◽  
The City

Site response studies using micro-tremor or ambient noise data are one of the well-known tools of seismic hazard assessment and microzonation. Different soil types behave differently for the same ground motion - some amplify it and some do not. It is well-accepted that, besides the earthquake magnitude and epicenter distance, local geology exerts significant influence on earthquake ground motion at a given location. In general, soft soil and thick overburden amplify the ground motion. Micro-tremor data provides an important input in seismic microzonation studies. Srinagar (Garhwal Himalaya), the largest growing city of Uttarakhand, India, lies in seismic zone V and has long seismic history. The micro-tremor data using Altus K2SMA has been collected from 47 locations in different parts of the city. The city has been divided into three zones on the basis of natural frequency (Nf). The most part of the city lies in zone 1. The central part of the city has a share of rest zones i.e. II and III. Vulnerability index has been also computed and found in the range from 1–236.

Ground-response maps for Tonopah, Nevada

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-469
Author(s):  
Walter W. Hays
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Nevada Test Site ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Period Range ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

Abstract Ground-response maps for Tonopah, Nevada, were prepared using ground-motion data from a Nevada Test Site explosion recorded on a 12-station seismic array in Tonopah. These data were used to define 10 frequency-dependent ground-response maps for the period range 0.05 to 2.5 sec. These data were combined with the probabilistic calculation of earthquake ground accelerations on rock sites in the Tonopah area, made in a 1976 study by S. T. Algermissen and D. M. Perkins, in order to give estimates of the ground shaking expected throughout the city in a 50-yr period of time, at the 90 per cent probability level. Although these relative ground-response estimates are based on low-strain data, they provide a preliminary basis for delineating geographic areas with different susceptibilities to earthquake ground shaking until the time that high-strain earthquake ground-motion measurements become available in Tonopah.

scholarly journals Spatial correlation of broadband earthquake ground motion in Norcia (Central Italy) from physics-based simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Schiappapietra ◽  
Chiara Smerzini
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Ground Motion Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper investigates the spatial correlation of response spectral accelerations from a set of broadband physics-based ground motion simulations generated for the Norcia (Central Italy) area by means of the SPEED software. We produce several ground-motion scenarios by varying either the slip distribution or the hypocentral location as well as the magnitude to systematically explore the impact of such physical parameters on spatial correlations. We extend our analysis to other ground-motion components (vertical, fault-parallel, fault-normal) in addition to the more classic geometric mean to highlight possible ground-motion directionality and therefore identify specific spatial correlation features. Our analyses provide useful insights on the role of slip heterogeneities as well as the relative position between hypocentre and slip asperities on the spatial correlation. Indeed, we found a significant variability in terms of both range and sill among the considered case studies, suggesting that the spatial correlation is not only period-dependent, but also scenario-dependent. Finally, our results reveal that the isotropy assumption may represent an oversimplification especially in the near-field and thus it may be unsuitable for assessing the seismic risk of spatially-distributed infrastructures and portfolios of buildings.

Sensitivity of the Seismic Response of Long Medieval Walls to Earthquake and Material Uncertainty

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 689-695
Author(s):  
Anastasios Sextos ◽  
Kosmas Athanasios Stylianidis ◽  
Konstantinos Mykoniou
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
The City

The scope of this paper is to illustrate a strategy for assessing the seismic performance of medieval city walls with emphasis on the Byzantine Walls of the city of Thessaloniki. Despite the relatively simple structural system of such structures, their response under earthquake excitation in 3D space and in the time domain, has not yet been adequately studied primarily due to the lack of efficient numerical tools, the high computational cost associated and the uncertainty related to the spatial variation of material properties and seismic input motion characteristics. Nowadays, the advances in scientific knowledge and the increase in computational power, the ability to efficiently conduct sensitivity analyses and the deeper knowledge of earthquake engineering aspects, provides the opportunity for a more refined simulation and study; however, such approach still remains heavy enough and as such, unsuitable for all practical purposes. Along these lines, a comprehensive computational framework is established and presented herein that aims at quantifying the relative importance of the uncertainty associated with modeling parameters, structural and soil material properties, as well as the earthquake ground motion selection process and application assumptions, the latter refering to the consideration of different angles of incidence of the incoming seismic wavefield and the spatially variable nature of ground motion that excites asynchronously the particularly long historic structures. It is foressen that this detailed 3D dynamic analysis will assist in identifing the relative impact of earthquake characteristics and material properties, permit justified simplifications and facilitate the overall process undertaken by the authors to assess the seismic history of the city of Thessaloniki through a set of detailed back analyses of well-selected parts of the extended wall cirquit.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of structural damage to earthquake ground motion scenarios. The torrevieja earthquake case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agea-Medina ◽  
S. Molina-Palacios ◽  
D. H. Lang ◽  
I. Ferreiro-Prieto ◽  
J. A. Huesca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motion Scenarios

scholarly journals From scenario-based seismic hazard to scenario-based landslide hazard: fast-forwarding to the future via statistical simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Lombardo ◽  
Hakan Tanyas
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Earthquake Scenario ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ground Motion Scenarios

AbstractGround motion scenarios exists for most of the seismically active areas around the globe. They essentially correspond to shaking level maps at given earthquake return times which are used as reference for the likely areas under threat from future ground displacements. Being landslides in seismically actively regions closely controlled by the ground motion, one would expect that landslide susceptibility maps should change as the ground motion patterns change in space and time. However, so far, statistically-based landslide susceptibility assessments have primarily been used as time-invariant.In other words, the vast majority of the statistical models does not include the temporal effect of the main trigger in future landslide scenarios. In this work, we present an approach aimed at filling this gap, bridging current practices in the seismological community to those in the geomorphological and statistical ones. More specifically, we select an earthquake-induced landslide inventory corresponding to the 1994 Northridge earthquake and build a Bayesian Generalized Additive Model of the binomial family, featuring common morphometric and thematic covariates as well as the Peak Ground Acceleration generated by the Northridge earthquake. Once each model component has been estimated, we have run 1000 simulations for each of the 217 possible ground motion scenarios for the study area. From each batch of 1000 simulations, we have estimated the mean and 95% Credible Interval to represent the mean susceptibility pattern under a specific earthquake scenario, together with its uncertainty level. Because each earthquake scenario has a specific return time, our simulations allow to incorporate the temporal dimension into any susceptibility model, therefore driving the results toward the definition of landslide hazard. Ultimately, we also share our results in vector format – a .mif file that can be easily converted into a common shapefile –. There, we report the mean (and uncertainty) susceptibility of each 1000 simulation batch for each of the 217 scenarios.

scholarly journals Seismic rocking effects on a mine tower under induced and natural earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Adam Bońkowski ◽  
Juliusz Kuś ◽  
Zbigniew Zembaty
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Seismic Effects ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Rotational Components ◽  
Natural Earthquakes

AbstractRecent research in engineering seismology demonstrated that in addition to three translational seismic excitations along x, y and z axes, one should also consider rotational components about these axes when calculating design seismic loads for structures. The objective of this paper is to present the results of a seismic response numerical analysis of a mine tower (also called in the literature a headframe or a pit frame). These structures are used in deep mining on the ground surface to hoist output (e.g. copper ore or coal). The mine towers belong to the tall, slender structures, for which rocking excitations may be important. In the numerical example, a typical steel headframe 64 m high is analysed under two records of simultaneous rocking and horizontal seismic action of an induced mine shock and a natural earthquake. As a result, a complicated interaction of rocking seismic effects with horizontal excitations is observed. The contribution of the rocking component may sometimes reduce the overall seismic response, but in most cases, it substantially increases the seismic response of the analysed headframe. It is concluded that in the analysed case of the 64 m mining tower, the seismic response, including the rocking ground motion effects, may increase up to 31% (for natural earthquake ground motion) or even up to 135% (for mining-induced, rockburst seismic effects). This means that not only in the case of the design of very tall buildings or industrial chimneys but also for specific yet very common structures like mine towers, including the rotational seismic effects may play an important role.

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