scholarly journals Comfort Driven Redesign: The Case of Library Chairs

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Rosaria Califano ◽  
Iolanda Fiorillo ◽  
Giovanni Baglivo ◽  
Claudia Chirico ◽  
Antonietta Dello Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Lumbar Area ◽  
Statistical Sample ◽  
The University

AbstractUniversity students spend most of their time in a sitting position. Prolonged sitting on ill-fitted furniture and the resulting lousy posture is making students having different musculoskeletal disorders and is strictly related to students learning outcomes. This study aims to improve postural comfort of chairs placed inside the Science & Technology Library at the University of Salerno. A previous study about these library chairs showed that the lumbar area was the most suffering part while perceived (dis)comfort was dependent on time. Based on this, an ergonomic redesign and, consequently, manufacturing of the chair has been done. A perceived-comfort comparison between the library chair and the redesigned one has been performed. A statistical sample of 28 healthy students performed a 20-min experiment two times, alternatively on the library chair and the redesigned one. The 20-min experiment was divided into two 10-min tasks (“Reading & Writing” and “Laptop use”) to simulate a study day. The participants’ postures were acquired non-invasively using cameras and processed by Kinovea; questionnaires were used to rate the perceived subjective (dis)comfort. A procedure for improving an existing product through a comfort-driven redesign is proposed. Results showed the redesigned library chair lead on increasing postural comfort (particularly in the lumbar area) thanks to the new design and modifications.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal disorders among robotic surgeons: A questionnaire analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Giberti ◽  
Fabrizio Gallo ◽  
Luca Francini ◽  
Alessio Signori ◽  
Marco Testa
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Fixed Position ◽  
Prolonged Sitting

Objective: Robotic surgical systems offer better workplace in order to relieve surgeons from prolonged physical efforts and improve their surgical outcomes. However, robotic surgery could produce musculoskeletal disorders due to the prolonged sitting position of the operator, the fixed position of the console viewer and the movements of the limbs. Until today, no one study has been reported concerning the association between robotics and musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this work was verify the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among Italian robotic surgeons. Material and methods: Between July 2011 and April 2012 a modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was delivered to thirty-nine Italian robotic centres. Twentytwo surgeons (56%) returned the questionnaires but only seventeen questionnaires (43.5%) were evaluable. Results: Seven surgeons (41.2%) reported musculoskeletal disorders, by since their first use of the robot which significantly persisted during the daily surgical activity (P < 0.001). Regarding the body parts affected, musculoskeletal disorders were mainly reported in the cervical spine (29.4%) and in the upper limbs (23.5%). Six surgeons (35.3%) defined the robotic console as less comfortable or neither comfortable/uncomfortable with a negative influence on their surgical procedures. Conclusions: In spite of some important limitations, our data showed musculoskeletal disorders due to posture discomfort with negative impact on daily surgical activity among robotic surgeons. These aspects could be due to the lack of ergonomic seat and to the fixed position of the console viewer which could have produced an inadequate spinal posture. The evaluation of these postural factors, in particular the development of an integrated and more ergonomic chair, could further improve the comfort feeling of the surgeon at the console and probably his surgical outcomes.

scholarly journals Intensitas Penilaian Formatif dalam Pembelajaran Kalkulus dengan Mengendalikan Kemampuan Awal Mahasiswa

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supardi U S
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
The University

<p>The objective of the study was to know the effects of formative assessment <br />intensity toward Calculus learning outcomes with controlling university students’ prior capacity. Research using experimental methods, and can be concluded from the finding, that with controlling university students’ prior capacity, the group was given formative assessment each subject matter got higher score on Calculus learning outcomes than the group was given conventional formative assessment. The result showed that there was formative assessment intensity has effect toward Calculus learning outcomes with controlling university students’ prior capacity. To improve the quality of Calculus learning outcomes, the lecturers were supposed to evaluate the university stuents’ the better using formative assessment intensity each subject matter. </p>

A method for postural critical factors checking: The case of library chairs

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (s1) ◽  
pp. S87-S100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iolanda Fiorillo ◽  
Federico Jacopo Anzisi ◽  
Alfonso Carbone ◽  
Rosaria Califano ◽  
Alessandro Naddeo
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Study Activity ◽  
Lumbar Area ◽  
The University ◽  
Chair Design

BACKGROUND: According to ergonomic researches regarding a good sitting posture, it is essential to ensure a natural back-curve in order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders. A brief observation among the Scientific Technology Library inside the University of Salerno showed that students used to complain about neck and lumbar pain, especially after a study day. OBJECTIVE: On the light of this background, a sitting posture comfort analysis had been performed on chairs inside the library to check the critical factors that influence the postural comfort and, consequently, the learning. METHODS: A prolonged sitting posture, that is common during the daily study activity, had been simulated with fifteen volunteer students performing 1-hour tests (divided into four 15-minutes tasks). Subjective perceptions had been gathered through questionnaires rating on a 5-point Comfort scale, both the expected comfort at the beginning of the experiment and the Localized Postural Comfort at the end of each task have been investigated. Then, postural angles had been gathered through photographic acquisition and Kinovea®. CaMAN software had been used to calculate the objective (dis)comfort indexes. Finally, subjective and objective data had been statistically processed and compared. RESULTS: Lumbar area scored the lowest perceived comfort while the perceived comfort was independent of participants and tasks, but dependent on time. CONCLUSIONS: After this comfort-driven analysis, critical factors of the chair-design were checked, and a proposal for a future re-design was hypothesized.

scholarly journals Assessment of students’ learning outcomes in the EHEA: their practices, preferences and evolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Javier Argos ◽  
Pilar Ezquerra ◽  
José Manuel Osoro ◽  
Laurentino Salvador ◽  
Ana Castro
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Learning Assessment ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
European Higher Education ◽  
The University

The European Higher Education Area implies, at least theoretically, substantial changes in the developed educational approaches specified in several areas. Among these the assessment of students’ learning is the focus of this article. The approaches and results that are exposed here are framed in an Educational Research Project entitled “Learning approaches of the university students, teaching strategies and institutional contexts to the beginning, half and end of career in the process of implantation of the new degrees”. Specifically, we focus on the learning assessment, analyzing both the formats or modalities of this kind of evaluation as well as the preferences which the students have concerning them in the context of different courses and university degrees. Furthermore, we try to somewhat clarify how these preferences could vary depending on the learning approach of each student (deep or superficial) and, also, on the students' evolution along the different courses of their degree.

scholarly journals Assessment of students’ learning outcomes in the EHEA: their practices, preferences and evolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Javier Argos ◽  
Pilar Ezquerra ◽  
José Manuel Osoro ◽  
Laurentino Salvador ◽  
Ana Castro
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Learning Assessment ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
European Higher Education ◽  
The University

The European Higher Education Area implies, at least theoretically, substantial changes in the developed educational approaches specified in several areas. Among these the assessment of students’ learning is the focus of this article. The approaches and results that are exposed here are framed in an Educational Research Project entitled “Learning approaches of the university students, teaching strategies and institutional contexts to the beginning, half and end of career in the process of implantation of the new degrees”. Specifically, we focus on the learning assessment, analyzing both the formats or modalities of this kind of evaluation as well as the preferences which the students have concerning them in the context of different courses and university degrees. Furthermore, we try to somewhat clarify how these preferences could vary depending on the learning approach of each student (deep or superficial) and, also, on the students' evolution along the different courses of their degree.

scholarly journals Computer-assisted assessment: Application of computerised testing at the Institute of English Studies at the University of Lodz, Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Olga Trendak
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
English Studies ◽  
The University ◽  
Positive Impacts

<p>Numerous researchers have noticed the need for better measurement of students’ stated learning outcomes (Conole &amp; Warburton, 2005). One of the reasons is the increasing number of university students, which has led to the necessity of finding an efficient form of assessment. One of the ways of testing, which is rapidly gaining popularity among academic staff, is computer-assisted assessment (CAA). The aim of the following paper is to briefly discuss the notion of CAA and the observed positive impacts it has exerted on the testing process at the Institute of English Studies at the University of Lodz, Poland, and to consider several pedagogical implications related to the use of this type of assessment within the institution. The findings were observed by the author of the paper and are not based on empirical data.</p>

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF FORMATIVE TEST SCORING AND THE STUDENT’S STUDY INDEPENDENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
SUPARDI U. S.
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Lower Score ◽  
High Learning ◽  
Assessment Frequency ◽  
The University

The objective of the study was to know the effects of interaction between formative assessment frequency and learning independence toward Calculus learning outcomes with controlling university students’ prior capacity. Research using experimental methods with 2 x 2 treatment by level design, and can be concluded from the finding, that with controlling university students’ prior capacity:  (1) the  group with high learning independence and was given  formative assessment  each subject matter got lower score on calculus learning outcomes than the group was given conventional formative assessment, (2) the group with low learning independence and was given formative assessment  each subject matter got higher score calculus learning outcomes than the group was given conventional formative assessment, (3) the group was given formative assessment each subject matter and have high learning independence got lower score calculus learning outcomes than the have low learning independence, and (4) the group was given conventional formative assessment and have high learning independence got higher score calculus learning outcomes than the low learning independence. The result showed that there was  interaction between formative assessment frequency and and learning independence toward Calculus learning outcomes with controlling university students’ prior capacity. To improve  the quality of Calculus learning outcomes, the lecturers were supposed to evaluate the university stuents’ using formative assessment variously. It must be matched with level of the learning independence of university students’.

scholarly journals The impact of e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic on students’ body aches in Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qais B. Yaseen ◽  
Heba Salah
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Teaching Programs ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMusculoskeletal pain is a major concern in our life due to its negative effects on our ability to perform daily functions. During COVID-19 pandemic, several countries switched their teaching programs into e-learning, where students spend long hour using electronic devices. The use of these devices was associated with several musculoskeletal complains among the students. The aim of this study is to evaluate the different body aches associated with e-learning on university students. The subjects of this study were students from An-Najah University in Palestine. 385 questionnaires were filled using Google forms questionnaire and all the subjects were using e-learning due to COVID-19 pandemic. Our study showed that a large percentage of participants used electronic devices for e-learning during the pandemic. The Duration of these devices use was correlated with duration and degree of pain, and associated with the difficulty in ability to perform several daily activities. Furthermore, most of the students used the sitting position with supine bent forward during the device usage. Thus, the university students that participated in this study had an increase in body aches during the e-learning process, and the aches duration and severity increases if the duration of electronic devices usage increase.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI PADA MATA KULIAH KONSEP DASAR IPA 2 DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN GURU SEKOLAH DASAR TAHUN AKADEMIK 2013/2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Mahmud Alpusari
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The University ◽  
Daily Test

In line with the competency-based curriculum at the University of Riau, the effort to improvelearning basic concepts of science 2 courses puts emphasis on understanding the concept ofmatter, which is based on students' learning activities through scientific inquiry.Implementation of action research consists of two cycles in PGSD JIP University of Riau onthe odd semester of 2013/2014 with 55 third semester students. Based on the research results,lecturing process by applying the model of inquiry learning, students’ activity increased inwhich in the first cycle all activities are good category except activity I and II are faircategory. Meanwhile students’ activity in first and fourth in cycle II is good category, andvery good category in second, third, fifth, and sixth activity. Temporarily student’s learningoutcomes increased from pre-tests with an average65.45 into 77,0 in daily test I and 77.45onthe daily test II. Improvement from initial data to the first cycle was 11.55, while the datafrom the beginning to the second cycle increased 12 points. In general the improvement ofstudents’learning is possible because the learning model used is inquiry learning so thatlearning becomes active which centered into students by presenting a problem, then studentsare asked to carry out a simple experiment using equipment and tools, using data, arrangingreports, communicating the results of observations based on concepts and learned principles.Keywords: Inquiry, students’ activity, learning outcomes.

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