Triggering Landslides with Seismic Vibrations

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
A. N. Besedina ◽  
D. V. Pavlov ◽  
Z. Z. Sharafiev
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vibrations

scholarly journals Behavioural Study of Shear Wall with Correlational to Bracing under Seismic Loading

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 08008
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Bilal Haider ◽  
Zafarullah Nizamani ◽  
Chun Chieh Yip
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Shear Wall ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Seismic Vibrations

The reinforced concrete structures, not designed for seismic conditions, amid the past earthquakes have shown us the significance of assessment of the seismic limit state of the current structures. During seismic vibrations, every structure encountered seismic loads. Seismic vibrations in high rise building structure subjects horizontal and torsional deflections which consequently develop extensive reactions in the buildings. Subsequently, horizontal stiffness can produce firmness in the high rise structures and it resists all the horizontal and torsional movements of the building. Therefore, bracing and shear wall are the mainstream strategies for reinforcing the structures against their poor seismic behaviours. It is seen before that shear wall gives higher horizontal firmness to the structure when coupled with bracing however it will be another finding that in building model, which location is most suitable for shear wall and bracing to get better horizontal stability. In this study, a 15 story residential reinforced concrete building is assessed and analyzed using building code ACI 318-14 for bracing and shear wall placed at several different locations of the building model. The technique used for analysis is Equivalent Static Method by utilizing a design tool, finite element software named ETABS. The significant parameters examined are lateral displacement, base shear, story drift, and overturning moment.

scholarly journals A new approach for three component seismic array processing

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. Kedrov ◽  
V. E. Permyakova
Keyword(s):  
Noise Suppression ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Seismic Arrays ◽  
Robust Detection ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Seismic Vibrations ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Polarization Filtering ◽  
Detection Of Signals ◽  
New Procedures

The new concept and methodology of regional seismic arrays (RSA) equipped by three component (3 C) sensors (Z, NS, EH9, are proposed. Such system could be more perfect tool of Earth interior investigations. This aim can be achieved by introduction of polarization filtering of 3 C seismic vibrations as an effective means of noise suppression and robust detection and identification of secondary body phases of the signals. The proposed algorithm is based on: 1) linear phase band pass frequency filtering of N 3 C records in M bands; 2) polarization filtering of all 3 C records in all L directions where array beams are routinely oriented; 3) calculation of L beams in M bands using polarized P, SV and SH traces of individual sensors; 4) detection of signals on the L*M P, SV and SH traces; 5) location of the event. The main new procedures are 2) and 3). Due to these new approaches the procedures 4) and 5) will be improved in comparison with,those routinely used today at RSA's. This work includes the theoretical consideration of proposed method efficiency and preliminary experimental results.

scholarly journals Noise matters: elephants show risk-avoidance behaviour in response to human-generated seismic cues

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1953) ◽  
pp. 20210774
Author(s):  
Beth Mortimer ◽  
James A. Walker ◽  
David S. Lolchuragi ◽  
Michael Reinwald ◽  
David Daballen
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Noise ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Sensory Ecology ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Risk Avoidance ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Seismic Vibrations

African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) use many sensory modes to gather information about their environment, including the detection of seismic, or ground-based, vibrations. Seismic information is known to include elephant-generated signals, but also potentially encompasses biotic cues that are commonly referred to as ‘noise’. To investigate seismic information transfer in elephants beyond communication, here we tested the hypothesis that wild elephants detect and discriminate between seismic vibrations that differ in their noise types, whether elephant- or human-generated. We played three types of seismic vibrations to elephants: seismic recordings of elephants (elephant-generated), white noise (human-generated) and a combined track (elephant- and human-generated). We found evidence of both detection of seismic noise and discrimination between the two treatments containing human-generated noise. In particular, we found evidence of retreat behaviour, where seismic tracks with human-generated noise caused elephants to move further away from the trial location. We conclude that seismic noise are cues that contain biologically relevant information for elephants that they can associate with risk. This expands our understanding of how elephants use seismic information, with implications for elephant sensory ecology and conservation management.

Deciphering the seismic and normal-force fluctuation signatures of debris flows: an experimental assessment of the effects of flow composition and dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjalling de Haas ◽  
Amanda Aaberg ◽  
Fabian Walter ◽  
Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Force Fluctuations ◽  
Seismic Vibrations

<p>Debris flows are gravity-driven mass movements that are common natural hazards in mountain regions worldwide. Previous work has shown that measurements of ground vibrations are capable of detecting the timing, speed, and location of landslides and debris flows. A remaining question is whether or not additional flow properties, such as grain-size distribution, flow depth, and impact stress can be inferred reliably from seismic data. Here, we experimentally explore the relation of seismic vibrations and normal-force fluctuations with debris-flow composition and dynamics. We show that seismic vibrations and normal-force fluctuations induced by debris flows are strongly correlated, and that both are strongly affected by debris-flow composition. We find that the effects of the large-particle distribution on seismic vibrations and normal-force fluctuations are substantially more pronounced than the effects of water fraction, clay fraction, and flow volume, especially when normalized by flow depth. We further show that for flows with similar coarse-particle distributions seismic vibrations and normal-force fluctuations can be reasonably-well related to flow depth, even if total flow volume, water fraction, and the size distribution of fines varies. Our experimental results shed light on how changes in large-particle, clay, and water fractions affect the seismic and force-fluctuation signatures of debris flows, and provide important guidelines for their interpretation.</p>

Using COVID19 as an Opportunity to Measure Seismic Silences and Bring Geoscience Projects to Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artash Nath
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virtual Classrooms ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Power Spectral Densities ◽  
The World ◽  
Seismic Vibrations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Almost All

<p>On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared Covid19 a pandemic. Countries around the world rushed to declare various states of emergencies. Canada also implemented emergency measures to restrict the movements of people including the closure of borders, non-essential services, and schools and offices to slow the spread of Covid19. I used this opportunity to measure changes in seismic vibrations registered in Canada before, during, and after the lockdown due to the slowdown in transportation, economic, and construction activities. I analyzed continuous seismic data for 6 Canadian cities: Calgary and Edmonton (Alberta), Montreal (Quebec), Ottawa, and Toronto (Ontario), and Yellowknife (Northwest Territories). These cities represented the wide geographical spread of Canada. The source of data was seismic stations run by the Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN). Python and ObSpy libraries were used to convert raw data into probabilistic power spectral densities. The seismic vibrations in the PPSDs that fell between 4 Hz and 20 Hz were extracted and averaged for every two weeks period to determine the trend of seismic vibrations. The lockdown had an impact on seismic vibrations in almost all the cities I analyzed. The seismic vibrations decreased between 14% - 44% with the biggest decrease in Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories. In the 3 densely populated cities with a population of over 1 million - Toronto, Montreal, and Calgary, the vibrations dropped by over 30%.</p><p>To enable other students to undertake similar projects for their cities, I created a comprehensive online training module using Jupyter notebooks available on Github. Students can learn about seismic vibrations, how to obtain datasets, and analyze and interpret them using Python. They can share their findings with local policymakers so that they become aware of the effectiveness of the lockdown imposed and are better prepared for lockdowns in the future. When we make data and technology accessible, then lockdowns because of pandemics can be an opportunity for students to take up practical geoscience projects from home or virtual classrooms.</p>

Influence of underground mass explosion on protected objects of the industrial site in case of collapse of the interstory whole

2020 ◽  
pp. 368-382
Author(s):  
V. A. Kutuev ◽  
S. N. Zharikov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Seismic Stability ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Seismic Vibrations ◽  
Seismic Impact

Within the boundaries of the mining branch of JSC Kyshtymsky MCC the underground large-scale blast was made to cave in the interstorey pillar with the maximum explosive weight 963 kg at the spacing stage. The Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS has received a task to study the seismic impact of the underground large-scale blast on the protected objects of the industrial site of Kyshtymsky underground mine located in the close proximity to the sites of blast works. The aim of the work is to determine the seismic stability of grounds on sites of the protected objects and the permissible values of vibration velocities for buildings of JSC Kyshtymsky MCC. It is also necessary to determine the permissible distances from the blast to the protected objects for 5 engineering-geological elements on the basis of physical and mechanical properties of deposit rocks. On the basis of the initial data, according to the method of the Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS, the authors have performed a complex of calculations of seismic stability of grounds on sites of the objects to determine the permissible values of vibration velocities for buildings of JSC Kyshtymsky MCC. The authors have also performed a multiversion calculation of permissible distances from the blast to the protected objects for 5 engineering-geological elements (EGE) depending on the the explosive weight at the spacing stage, the coefficient of ground conditions and the permissible velocity of seismic vibrations. As a result of comparison of the calculated values and experimental measurements, the recommendations have been given to establish the limitation of the explosive weight at the spacing stage to the level of minimum hazardous values during the large-scale blasts in the underground mine.

Method of registration of seismic waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Sh.M. Aitmet ◽  
◽  
M.D. Mukhamedzhanov ◽  
U.M. Orazalin ◽  
Ye.T. Bessimbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Seismic Vibrations

This article provides an overview of the methodology for recording seismic waves. The main types of seismic vibrations and methods of their study have been determined.

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