Manufacture of Crude Palm Oil and Refined Palm Oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-211
Author(s):  
Osei-Wusu Achaw ◽  
Eric Danso-Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Refined Palm Oil

Effects of Dietary Crude Palm Oil, Fish Oil and their Association on Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Constants in Rats Which Could Be Beneficial in Humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyongabo ◽  
Youyou ◽  
Léger ◽  
Descomps ◽  
Ammouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Potential Interest ◽  
Lower Total Cholesterol ◽  
Refined Palm Oil

The aim was first to examine the differential effects of crude and refined palm oil (CPO and RPO) on the lipid and lipoprotein constants of plasma in rats and to compare the effect of crude palm oil to that of fish oil. Secondarily, it was to know whether one can take advantage from the association of CPO with FO. Twenty-four-day-old weaning rats were divided into five experimental groups, each receiving a purified diet containing 10% oil as either a single oil or an equal amount of two oils. After a feeding period of 36 days, the main results were as follows. As compared to the rats fed the RPO diet, those fed the CPO diet had lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C and apoB and higher HDL-C/LDL-C and apoA1/apoB ratios. Those fed the FO diet had only lower VLDL-C and triglycerides and higher HDL-C and HDL-C/LDL-C ratio. Whereas FO associated with RPO in the same diet had the same effect as FO alone, FO associated with CPO tends to reinforce the effect of CPO. This is particularly true for the effects on apoB and apoA1 which were found to be synergistically depressed and enhanced, respectively. Given the role played by these biological constants as predictors of CVD in humans, and in spite of the fact that these predictors are not relevant in rats, these results would suggest the potential interest of CPO or the association of CPO with FO in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Integrated Cleaner Biocatalytic Process for Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil Comparing to Refined Palm Oil

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Papasanee Muanruksa ◽  
Phavit Wongsirichot ◽  
James Winterburn ◽  
Pakawadee Kaewkannetra
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Refined Palm Oil ◽  
Biocatalytic Process

An integrated cleaner biocatalyst process was performed for biodiesel production from crude palm oil (CPO) and refined palm oil (RPO). It was evaluated on process efficiency in terms of high purity of biodiesel as well as by-products without purification, less wastewater, less time consuming, and a simple downstream process. A first saponification step was carried out in both f CPO and RPO, a high purity of glycerol (86.25% and 87.5%) was achieved, respectively, while free fatty acids (FFASs) in soap were obtained after hexane extraction. High yields of FFASs were obtained from both CPO and RPO (98.83% and 90.94%). Subsequently, the FFAs were esterified to biodiesel by a biocatalyst of immobilized lipase. The highest biodiesel yields achieved were of 92.14% and 92.58% (CPO and RPO). Remarkably, biodiesel yields obtained from CPO and RPO achieved satisfactory values and the biocatalyst used could be reused for more than 16–17 cycles.

scholarly journals Peripancreatic Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation during High Fat Intake of Palm Oils or Lard in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Jonas Laget ◽  
Youzan Ferdinand Djohan ◽  
Laura Jeanson ◽  
Karen Muyor ◽  
Eric Badia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Refined Palm Oil

Excessive fat consumption leads to the development of ectopic adipose tissues, affecting the organs they surround. Peripancreatic adipose tissue is implicated in glucose homeostasis regulation and can be impaired in obesity. High palm oil consumption’s effects on health are still debated. We hypothesised that crude and refined palm oil high-fat feeding may have contrasting effects on peripancreatic adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and lipid oxidation compound production in obese rats. In Wistar rats, morphological changes, inflammation and isoprostanoid production following oxidative stress were assessed in peripancreatic adipose tissue after 12 weeks of diets enriched in crude or refined palm oil or lard (56% energy from fat in each case) versus a standard chow diet (11% energy from fat). Epididymal white and periaortic brown adipose tissues were also included in the study. A refined palm oil diet disturbed glucose homeostasis and promoted lipid deposition in periaortic locations, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration and isoprostanoid (5-F2c-isoprostane and 7(RS)-ST-Δ8-11-dihomo-isofuran) production in peripancreatic adipose tissue. Crude palm oil induced a lower impact on adipose deposits than its refined form and lard. Our results show that the antioxidant composition of crude palm oil may have a protective effect on ectopic adipose tissues under the condition of excessive fat intake.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POSISI PASAR INDONESIA PADA PASAR REFINED PALM OIL (RPO) DI NEGARA IMPORTIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Risnayanti Ulfa Aulia ◽  
Harianto Harianto ◽  
Tanti Novianti
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Almost Ideal Demand System ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Refined Palm Oil

Indonesia adalah salah satu negara produsen dan eksportir minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Adanya kebijakan hilirisasi sawit menyebabkan Indonesia lebih banyak mengekspor produk turunan dalam bentuk Refined Palm Oil (RPO) dibandingkan Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Indonesia juga menghadapi kompetisi dengan Malaysia sebagai eksportir RPO di beberapa negara importir seperti China, India, Rusia dan Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompetisi antara Indonesia dan Malaysia di beberapa pasar negara importir RPO. Model yang digunakan adalah Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan harga RPO Indonesia lebih elastis di pasar India dan Amerika Serikat, sedangkan harga RPO Malaysia lebih elastis di pasar Rusia. Meskipun RPO asal Indonesia dan Malaysia saling bersubstitusi, tetapi posisi Indonesia lebih diuntungkan dibandingkan Malaysia jika negara-negara importir tersebut meningkatkan pengeluaran untuk impor RPO karena akan meningkatkan share impor dari Indonesia.

scholarly journals Development of Gluten-Free Sorghum Cookies with Different Vegetable Oil Sources

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Mahamadé Goubgou ◽  
Fabrice Bationo ◽  
Laurencia Toulsoumdé Songré Ouattara ◽  
Daouda Fofana ◽  
Yves Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
And Function ◽  
Supplementary Foods ◽  
And Control ◽  
Refined Palm Oil ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Aims: Lipids have important role in cookies production depending on their nature and function. In this study, the effect of refined cottonseeds oil (RCO), refined palm oil (RPO), and red (or crude) palm oil (CPO) on physicochemical characteristics of gluten-free sorghum cookies was evaluated and compared to control gluten-free cookies produced with a margarine (M20). Methodology: RCO and RPO were incorporated at the level of 20 % and CPO at the level of 16%. The physicochemical characteristics were determined according to standard methods of analysis. Results: Moisture, ash, proteins, lipids, sugar, fiber, pH, fat acidity, and energy value were  ranged  respectively between 0.12 ± 0.05 and 1.72 ± 0.02 % ; 2.00 ± 0.00 and 2.34 ± 0.01% (g/100g DM) ; 6.91 ± 0,08 and 7.49 ± 0.07% (g/100g DM) ; 20.61 ± 0.01 and 25.62 ± 0.53% (g/100g DM) ; 61.71 ± 0.52 and 65.79 ± 0.23% (g/100g DM) ; 3.41 ± 0.52 and 8.02 ± 2.04% (g/100g DM) ; 7.01 ± 0.00 and 7.36 ± 0.00; 0.03± 0.00 and 0.11 % of H2SO4 ; 462.70 ± 8.17 and 505.79 ±5.32 Kcal. The use of RCO and RPO induced significantly increase of the fat content. But, the moisture, ash, fat, sugar and the energy of the experimental and control cookies are in accordance with the recommended value of the guidelines of codex Alimentarius on supplementary foods for older infants and young children. Conclusion: RCO, RPO and CPO exhibit the potential to be used as substitutes to margarine in the production of gluten-free cookies with interesting nutritional values.

scholarly journals Effect of three types of oils and their level of incorporation on sensory quality of sorghum cookies

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-202
Author(s):  
M. Goubgou ◽  
L.T. Songré-Ouattara ◽  
F. Bationo ◽  
O. Banhoro ◽  
Y. Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Refined Oil ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Judicious Choice ◽  
Refined Palm Oil

Lipid (oil and fat) is one of the basic and important components used in the production of cookies. It plays several roles in their composition and a judicious choice of this ingredient makes it possible to have cheap, delicious and very nutritious cookies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of refined cottonseeds oil (RCO), refined palm oil (RPO) and red (or crude) palm oil (CPO) on sorghum (Sorghum bicolour var. Gampela) cookies. Oils were incorporated at levels of 16%, 20% and 24%. Cookies quality were evaluated based on quantitative sensory profile, sensory acceptability, preference classification and paired-comparison test. The results of sensory profile tests showed that the sensory descriptors ranged from very low to medium intensity (1.33 to 3.83 on a scale of 5). Both acceptability and classification tests showed that cookies produced with 20% of refined oil (RCO and RPO) and those with 16% of CPO were the most preferred and RCO and RPO with 20% of the oil were appreciated as control cookies produced with 20% of margarine. The colour, texture and fat impression had most influenced the consumers’ preferences. RCO, RPO and CPO exhibit the potential to be used as substitutes to margarine to produce sorghum cookies.

scholarly journals THE PROGRESSIVE EXPORT TAX AND INDONESIA’S PALM OIL PRODUCT EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-232
Author(s):  
Immanuel ◽  
Suharno ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Export Share ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Export Tax ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Export Shares ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Product ◽  
Refined Palm Oil ◽  
Lost Opportunity

Abstrak Hubungan antara daya saing produk kelapa sawit dan intervensi kebijakan pemerintah di Indonesia masih sering menjadi perdebatan diantara pemangku kepentingan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara pajak ekspor progresif dengan perubahan pangsa ekspor CPO Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Refined Palm Oil (RPO) serta mengkaji daya saing kedua komoditi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Compared Advantage (RCA) dan Export Product Dynamic (EPD) untuk mengukur perubahan pangsa ekspor serta tingkat daya saing produk CPO dan RPO ke negara tujuan utama ekspor. Untuk melihat dampak kebijakan tersebut, kajian ini membandingkan sebelum dan sesudah diberlakukannya kebijakan pajak ekspor progresif pada akhir tahun 2007 dan menggunakan data bulanan ekspor produk CPO dan RPO periode 1997-2018. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa setelah diberlakukannya pajak ekspor progresif, pada komoditi CPO telah terjadi penurunan pangsa ekspor sebesar 21% dan pergeseran tingkat daya saing produk dari posisi Rising Star ke Lost Opportunity. Sebaliknya pada komoditi RPO terjadi peningkatan pangsa ekspor dan daya saing dari Falling Star ke Rising Star. Peningkatan pangsa ekspor dan daya saing RPO merupakan salah satu pencapaian dari tujuan kebijakan pajak ekspor. Analisis ini memberikan catatan penting bagi pemerintah dalam membuka alternatif pasar baru dengan tetap mempertahankan pangsa ekspor di negara tujuan ekspor utama. Kata Kunci: CPO, Pajak Ekspor, Daya saing, RCA, EPD   Abstract The relationship between Indonesia’s palm oil product competitiveness and the government's policy intervention is still disputable among stakeholders. This research analyzes the association between the progressive export tax and the changes in export shares of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Refined Palm Oil (RPO) as well as the competitiveness of both commodities. Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and export product dynamic (EPD) are used to measure the change in the export shares of CPO and RPO as well as of their export competitiveness to the main destination countries. To examine the impact of this policy, this research compares before and after the enactment of a progressive export tax policy at the end of 2007 and uses monthly export data for CPO and RPO products for the period 1997-2018. The result finds that after the enactment of the progressive export tax of CPO , the export share of CPO declined by 21% and the level of competitiveness of CPO products moved from Rising Star to Lost Opportunity compared with the condition during 1997-2007. In contrast, the export share of RPO products increased and its competitiveness level moved to a better position from Falling Star to Rising Star. Although shifting the export value of both CPO and RPO, as one of the objectives of the implementation of the export tax, was achieved, this study is highlighting essential commentary in which policymaker still needs to search for new export markets while maintaining export shares in the main export destinations. Keywords: CPO, Export Tax, Competitiveness, RCA, EPD JEL Classification: Q17, F13, O24

The Analysis of Potential of Straw Mushroom Development by Using Empty Fruit Bunches Material in Lampung Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarono Sarono
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Straw Mushroom

The empty fruit bunches (EFB) are by-product of crude palm oil (CPO) production, and it is not widely used optimally. One of products produced from EFB with development potentials is straw mushroom. The objective of this research was to analyze the potentials of EFB material and straw mushroom based on EFB material in Lampung province. The result showed that the EFB potential in Lampung province was 111,144 ton annually and straw mushroom was 4,835 ton annually. The biology efficiency ratio of EFB into straw mushroom in production scale was averagely 3.93%. Districts having potentials for developing straw mushroom business by using EFB material were Mesuji, Middle Lampung, Tulang Bawang, Way Kanan, and North Lampung.

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