Measuring the Standardized Definition of “smart city”: A Proposal on Global Metrics to Set the Terms of Reference for Urban “smartness”

2015 ◽  
pp. 593-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Lluïsa Marsal-Llacuna
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Using Smart City Tools to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Low Emissions Zone in Spain: Madrid Central

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Lebrusán ◽  
Jamal Toutouh
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Traffic Reduction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pm 10 ◽  
The City

Population concentration in cities brings new risks as an increase in pollution, which causes urban health problems. In order to address this problem, traffic reduction measures are being implemented as pedestrianization areas; they are the definition of Low Emissions Zones (LEZs). When the effectiveness of these types of measures is in doubt, smart city tools provide data that can be used to scientifically asses their impact. This article analyzes the situation of Madrid Central (Spain), a LEZ subject to controversy. We apply statistical and regression analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of this measure to reduce air pollution and outdoor noise. According to the results, this LEZ was able to significantly reduce NO 2 , PM 2.5 , and PM 10 concentration locally, having the same positive impact in the rest of the city. In terms of noise, this measure was able to mitigate background noise levels generated by road traffic.

scholarly journals The Polish Experience in the Development of Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kisała
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Universal Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Urban Population Growth ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Beneficial Approach

Abstract In recent years, Poland has seen an increased migration of people to cities, which translates into significant urban population growth. This, in turn, raises new challenges in the performance of cities’ tasks and responsibilities. Additionally, climate changes and the depletion of natural resources necessitate the modification of existing urban practices. Polish cities seek solutions which would enable social, economic and environmental demands to be reconciled so that urban spaces become friendly for the city’s inhabitants and investors. Some Polish cities have applied the smart city concept to solve their problems. Despite the fact that the concept has been the subject of scientific research for many years, no universal definition of the smart city has been agreed upon. Analyzed assumptions of the smart city concept as well as the Polish experiences in the implementation indicate that the concept is dynamic and changes over time. It should be considered as a perpetual process unrestricted by a specific timeframe. This impedes the formulation of uniform, generally accepted assumptions of the concept since its existence is inscribed in the change related to urban development. This article claims that this would be a beneficial approach for formulating the general characteristics of the smart city that could be applicable to any city, and that could be employed regardless of the present challenges cities may face.

What Constitutes a Smart City?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Sekhar Kondepudi ◽  
Ramita Kondepudi
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Holistic Description ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter provides an insight into what is meant by a Smart City and the underlying factors that make a city smart. The authors answer the question of “what constitutes a smart city” by presenting a multi-faceted approach including a detailed analysis of classical smart city definitions, attributes of a smart city, industry viewpoints and efforts by standards developing organizations. Through this approach, a common theme is established which best describes a smart city. The content of this chapter can therefore form the basis of developing a standard definition of a global smart city, and subsequently can be used to develop a framework to measure the performance of a smart city. The authors also propose a definition which in their view provides a reasonably holistic description of a smart city. However, they recognize that a smart city may mean different things to different stakeholders, and therefore has a strong dependence on the “lens” through which a smart city is viewed.

What Constitutes a Smart City?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Sekhar Kondepudi ◽  
Ramita Kondepudi
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Holistic Description ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter provides an insight into what is meant by a Smart City and the underlying factors that make a city smart. The authors answer the question of “what constitutes a smart city” by presenting a multi-faceted approach including a detailed analysis of classical smart city definitions, attributes of a smart city, industry viewpoints and efforts by standards developing organizations. Through this approach, a common theme is established which best describes a smart city. The content of this chapter can therefore form the basis of developing a standard definition of a global smart city, and subsequently can be used to develop a framework to measure the performance of a smart city. The authors also propose a definition which in their view provides a reasonably holistic description of a smart city. However, they recognize that a smart city may mean different things to different stakeholders, and therefore has a strong dependence on the “lens” through which a smart city is viewed.

Smartness, City Efficiency, and Entrepreneurship Milieu

2017 ◽  
pp. 173-198
Author(s):  
Luigi Mundula ◽  
Sabrina Auci
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Virtuous Cycle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics

The definition of smart city and its measurement are not shared. Different characteristics define a city as smart, which is strictly linked to urban efficiency and to entrepreneurship spirit in a multifaceted way as well as to citizens' well-being. On the basis of the comparison between city and entrepreneur behaviour and on the definition of Giffinger et al. (2007) of smart city, this chapter verifies the efficiency of a sample of European cities using a stochastic frontier approach. Departing from this analysis, the chapter develops the relative smartness definition based on the efficient use of its own resources and related to the different context. Moreover, as a city becomes close to the optimal value, the frontier will shift upward because of the more attractiveness and a new adjustment mechanism should be followed to become efficient again (virtuous cycle). Then, the concept of smartness becomes dynamic. This definition, taking into account city's performance, is able to sustain the entrepreneurship milieu of a city.

Social participation in the definition of budgetary instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-755
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Felix Júnior ◽  
Wênyka Preston Leite Batista da Costa ◽  
Luciana Gondim de Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Glauber Ruan Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Walid Abbas El-Aouar
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose The participation of society is a valuable aspect of the governability of cities, for it strengthens the citizens’ collaborative component. Such participation, which is seen as social, is considered an essential element for the design of a smart city. This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to social participation in the definition of budgetary instruments’ planning. Design/methodology/approach Concerning the methodological instruments, this study is characterised by a quantitative and descriptive approach and uses a multivariate data analysis with a sample of 235 respondents. Findings The study’s findings identified a framework that portrays elements that collaborate with the social participation in the definition of the public administration’s budgetary instruments, which are considered as elements that are able to develop the role of the popular participation and are characterised by the definition of a smart city by enabling more assertiveness in society’s needs. Practical implications Identification of a framework that brings out elements that are able to develop the popular participation in the definition of budgetary instruments. Then, one scale of elements that contribute to social participation in the definition of the public administration’s budgetary instruments theoretically represented and statistically validated, thus contributing to the continuity of studies on social participation. Social implications Through studies on social participation in budgetary planning, it is possible to guarantee a better allocation of public resources through intelligent governability. Originality/value The research can bring theoretical elements about social participation in the definition of budget instruments for a statistical convergence through the perception of the sample.

scholarly journals SMART CITIES AND TERRITORIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TECHNOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Rendon Acevedo ◽  
William Miranda-Brand
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technological Perspective

This article looked for key elements on how to implement a smart city or a smart territory from a technological perspective in Colombia. The study found that the achievement of smart territory has two major components. The first is political commitment at the highest level, which serves as the sponsor and facilitator of the process; coupled with the definition of public policy on intelligent territories, in a framework that brings together the Development Plans, creating economic, technological and social welfare synergies. The second is the social, technical and financial component, which consults regional realities to model and execute intelligent territory in a participatory manner.

The “smart city” concept and human capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Kostko ◽  
Anastasia I. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
City Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Additional Value

The concept of a “smart city” uses the notion of a “smart citizen”, which is impossible to understand without the concept of human capital. The implementation of the “smart city” concept directly relates to the actualization of human capital. It is important to define the elements of human capital that characterize and ensure the success of embedding a person in the processes of digitalization in the modern social context. This article provides an overview of modern approaches to the definition of the main elements of human capital. The authors aim to analyze foreign concepts for determining the elements of human capital that directly or indirectly affect the digitalization of society, the possibility of embedding each person in new conditions. The presence of general global changes, however, varies by countries. An additional value of this research lies in enriching the definition of human capital from the perspective of an integrated approach to the definition of this concept. This approach involves considering human capital as a value, quality, resource, skills, competencies, and personality traits. The authors conclude that human capital can be accepted as a system of aggregated indicators of social, psychological, organizational, and other capitals. In addition, the expanded interpretation of human capital with an emphasis on its embeddedness in the social context of society allows identifying the conditions that contribute to the formation of a smart citizen as the main actor in the implementation of the ‘smart city” concept. The social component of the “smart city” model in the person of a smart citizen can be implemented through their social activity, participation in the management of the implementation of the goals of digitalization of society.

scholarly journals Modern Conceptions of Cities as Smart and Sustainable and Their Commonalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna D’Auria ◽  
Marco Tregua ◽  
Manuel Vallejo-Martos
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
New Approach ◽  
H Index ◽  
City Life ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Definition Of

The present work aims to determine the existence of commonalities between two modern conceptions of cities, i.e., smart and sustainable. To accomplish this, the authors carried out a systematic review of the most-cited scientific contributions chosen by the scholars proposing conceptualisation of the two topics, according to the H-index determined by Web of Science. The findings show that the most important contributions representing the antecedents with respect to the concepts of a smart city and a sustainable city can be classified into three groups: labelled as what, how and with, and describing the definitions, the role of technology, and the pillars (in the case of a smart city); the groups labelled as what, how and with depicts definitions, change and challenges, and key features (in the case of a sustainable city). Starting from the conception of a smart city as the evolution of a digital city, the smart city concept not only considers aspects related to technology and innovation but adds the human features of city life. The sustainable city concept can be understood as a new approach through the filter of a new philosophy; it is an equitable and balanced setting of goals in line with the principles of sustainable development. Both concepts cannot be thought of as contrasting; in fact, they share many commonalities. This is because the attention focused on social, environmental and economic issues has framed the debate over sustainability and converged in the definition of a smart city and—obviously—in the notion of a sustainable city. The main contribution of this paper is in considering the smart city as mainly setting the guidelines of a transforming city, while the sustainable city is mostly thought as an approach and a philosophy to modern cities.

scholarly journals A Taxonomic Analysis of Smart City Projects in North America and Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Perboli ◽  
Mariangela Rosano
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
City Management ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The North ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

In recent years, the concept of a “Smart City” became central in the agenda of researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders. Although the application of information and communication technologies on city management has advanced exponentially, also other components would be needed for building a truly sustainable urban environment. Researchers from different domains debated the definition of a smart city and the conceptual variants. However, a broad view of the smart city field is still missing. This paper attempts to fill this gap by proposing a taxonomic classification of the most 105 outstanding smart city projects in Europe and North America. Collected data are then processed by statistical tools for clearly highlighting the success factors, trends and future paths in which all these projects are moving, along with different aspects (e.g., business model, purpose, industry). We then investigate the European and the North American Smart City concepts, illustrating the key role of mixed public and private partnerships in creating successful projects and the focus on the urban transportation, and freight and last-mile delivery in particular. Moreover, it emerges how the business modeling and the exploitation aspects have still low integration in the projects.

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