Epigenetics of Mediterranean Diet: Altering Disease Risk

2016 ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk

scholarly journals Science and Healthy Meals in the World: Nutritional Epigenomics and Nutrigenetics of the Mediterranean Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Caradonna ◽  
Ornella Consiglio ◽  
Claudio Luparello ◽  
Carla Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Food Components ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Topic

The Mediterranean Diet (MD), UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, has become a scientific topic of high interest due to its health benefits. The aim of this review is to pick up selected studies that report nutrigenomic or nutrigenetic data and recapitulate some of the biochemical/genomic/genetic aspects involved in the positive health effects of the MD. These include (i) the antioxidative potential of its constituents with protective effects against several diseases; (ii) the epigenetic and epigenomic effects exerted by food components, such as Indacaxanthin, Sulforaphane, and 3-Hydroxytyrosol among others, and their involvement in the modulation of miRNA expression; (iii) the existence of predisposing or protective human genotypes due to allelic diversities and the impact of the MD on disease risk. A part of the review is dedicated to the nutrigenomic effects of the main cooking methods used in the MD and also to a comparative analysis of the nutrigenomic properties of the MD and other diet regimens and non-MD-related aliments. Taking all the data into account, the traditional MD emerges as a diet with a high antioxidant and nutrigenomic modulation power, which is an example of the “Environment-Livings-Environment” relationship and an excellent patchwork of interconnected biological actions working toward human health.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and the components of the Mediterranean diet

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luz Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
The Mediterranean

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities known to increase heart disease risk by two-fold and type 2 diabetes risk by five-fold. These disturbances include dyslipidemias, hypertension, hyperglycemia and central adiposity in addition to insulin resistance and low grade inflammation. The prevalence of MetS is about 34% in the United States with variations according to ethnicity and race. Lfestyle factors including smoking, lack of exercise, poor dietary habits as well as low socioeconomic status are associated with the development of MetS. Diet is considered one of the major contributors to MetS. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (high intake of whole grains, fruits and vegetables, olive oil, fish, low-fat dairy products, and moderate wine consumption) has been associated with lower prevalence of MetS. Interventions utilizing this dietary approach have proven to be successful in reducing some of the associated metabolic abnormalities. In this review, evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies showing the benefits of the Mediterranean diet is presented. The effect of the specific components of the Mediterranean diet is also discussed.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean diet has a mediating effect inflammation as regards cardiovascular disease risk: The 10-year (2002-12) follow-up of ATTICA study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekavi N. Georgoysopoulou ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christos Pitsavos ◽  
Aikaterini Kalogeropoulou ◽  
Maria Ntertimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Mediating Effect

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet and metabolic syndrome: the evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1607-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Babio ◽  
Mònica Bulló ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractBackgroundThe Mediterranean diet has long been related to a lower cardiovascular disease risk; however, more recent evidences also indicate that it has a favourable effect on adiposity and type 2 diabetes.DesignReview of the available literature in relation to Mediterranean diet and metabolic syndrome.ResultsSeveral components of Mediterranean diet patterns have been inversely related with body mass index. They are considered to be modulators of insulin resistance, can exert beneficial effects on blood pressure, improve atherogenic dyslipidemia or attenuate the inflammatory burden associated with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been associated with dietary patterns rich in fruits and vegetables, nuts, olive oil, legumes and fish, moderate in alcohol and low in red meat, processed meat, refined carbohydrates and whole-fat dairy products.ConclusionsThere is much evidence suggesting that the Mediterranean diet could serve as an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, which could help to fight diseases related to chronic inflammation, including metabolic syndrome.

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