Road Traffic Rules Synthesis Using Grammatical Evolution

2017 ◽  
pp. 173-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Medvet ◽  
Alberto Bartoli ◽  
Jacopo Talamini
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Grammatical Evolution ◽  
Traffic Rules

scholarly journals The Mechanism of the Legal Regulation of the Organization and Movement of Road Traffic (Priorities and Advantages Related to Participation in Road Traffic)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Yakimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Traffic Rules

The article is devoted to the consideration of important components of the mechanism of the legal regulation of the organization and implementation of road traffic. These include priorities, advantages associated with participation in road traffic, restrictions associated with participation in the specified process, and requirements for road users and vehicles. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation and other regulations from the perspective of a systematic approach, the author examines the totality of these components and their interrelationships. The existing shortcomings of the legal regulation of the organization and implementation of road traffic are revealed. Taking into account the results obtained, proposals are formulated to improve the legal regulation mechanism under consideration.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF INJURIES IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ADMITTED TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF GMCH, BETTIAH, WEST CHAMPARAN, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Pattern Of Injury ◽  
Traffic Rules

Majority of the world's fatalities on the roads occur in low-income and middle-income countries, even though these countries have approximately half of the world's vehicles. India is no exception and data showed that more than 1.3 lakh people died on Indian roads, giving India the dubious honour of topping the global list of fatalities from road crashes. Road traffic injuries have been neglected from the global health agenda for many years, despite being predictable and largely preventable. Evidence from many countries shows that dramatic successes in preventing road traffic crashes can be achieved through concerted efforts that involve, but are not limited to, the health sector. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents Admitted to Emergency Department of GMCH, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar, India from jan 2018 to Dec 2018.In the present study 20 cases suffered from the road traffic accidents were evaluated for the pattern of injury. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire especially designed for this purpose was used for interviewing the accident victims, either in the emergency itself or in the wards. In India, there are ample risk factors for RTAs to occur because of lack of proper infrastructural facilities, poor designs of roads, improper implementation of traffic rules and a high load of variety of vehicles on the roads.  Road traffic accidents with head injuries are much more common in young working males as compared to females and that to in those who were pedestrians and motor cyclists. The rate of incidence is higher in India because of bad traffic patterns and possibly the lack of awareness about traffic rules and also lack of good hospital services to our victims of RTAs. Keywords: Injuries, Road Traffic Accidents, Emergency Department, GMCH, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar, etc.  

scholarly journals Pattern of traffic rules violations and the risk of fatal injuries in Mysuru city

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1608
Author(s):  
Rashmi A. ◽  
Shrinivasa B. M. ◽  
Shrinivasa B. M. ◽  
Shrinivasa B. M. ◽  
Narayanamurthy M. R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traffic Rules ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Background: In India, Road safety is an issue of national concern. Road accidents create negative impact on the economy, public health and the general welfare of the people. Every year the lives of approximately 1.25 million people are cut short as a result of road traffic accidents. Between 20 and 50 million more people suffer non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability as a result of their injury. Reliable road traffic injury surveillance is an important component of evidence based road safety policy making. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for the period of 3 months in Mysuru city. The present study included all the 5 Traffic Police stations coming under Mysuru city. Before conducting the study, permission to collect all the relevant information is obtained from the in charge of the stations. Retrospective data regarding the traffic rules violations, fatal and non-fatal injuries are obtained in the fixed format prescribed by the government which is maintained uniformly by all the police stations. Data collected was entered in MS office excel sheet and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 22.0. Results: From the study we can observe that there is a drastic increase in the total number of traffic crimes in 2015 compared to 2014. Case fatality of road traffic accident showed decreasing trend from the year 2013. It was evident from the study that there was no significant correlation between total number of accidents every year with violation of traffic rules (r = -0.86 p =0.338). Similarly  There was no significant correlation between the number of persons killed every year with violation of rules by riding two wheeler without helmet(r = -0.380 p =0.752). Conclusions: With massive investment in roads and the exponential growth in the number of vehicles it has become necessary to have a system, which integrates all disciplines that influence road safety. In depth evaluation of the road traffic accidents to build infrastructures and to reinforce the regulations specific to local needs is required. 

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY AMONG MALE ADOLESCENTS IN URBAN SLUMS OF DELHI

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Pushpanjali Swain ◽  
Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
P Value ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Globally, road traffic injuries are leading cause of death among the adolescents. Sustainable development goal 3.6 suggests reducing deaths and injuries due to road traffic accidents. The risk of vehicular accidents increases further for the adolescents when they drink and drive. Hence it is pertinent to assess the knowledge and practice regarding road traffic safety, alcohol consumption practices among male adolescents of urban slums of Delhi. The main objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and practice regarding road traffic safety, among the male adolescents. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 100 male adolescents from urban slums of Delhi. Data was collected using semi-structured, self-administered interview schedule. The collected data was entered using Microsoft Excel 2007 and was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 20. Chi-square test was applied and level of significance was kept at p-value of <0.05. The study period was from 11th June to 31st July.   Results: Among the study subjects, 44.0% had the adequate knowledge regarding road traffic safety. Among all the respondents who knew driving 92.9% participants drive vehicles without license including both juvenile and >18 years of age. There was no significant relationship found between knowledge regarding road traffic safety and practice. There was good knowledge found regarding harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption among the participants. Conclusions: In the study, it was revealed that mere knowledge regarding road traffic safety important however; there was large gap between knowledge and practice. The implementation of road traffic rules is needed and mass media should be strengthened to follow road traffic rules by adolescents.

Evaluation of road traffic signs, markings and traffic rules compliance among drivers’ in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295-1306
Author(s):  
Maxwell Selase Akple ◽  
Eugene Sogbe ◽  
Charles Atombo
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Traffic Rules

scholarly journals Awareness and obeyance of road traffic rules among motorists in Mangaluru suburbs, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3796
Author(s):  
Sudeep Kumar Shetty ◽  
Mackwin Kenwood D'mello ◽  
Jagannath Purushothama ◽  
Priyanka Dsouza Rent ◽  
V. Monisha
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Road traffic accident is one amongst the “biggest killers” across the World according to World Health Organization. Though road traffic accidents are both predictable and preventable, it is witnessed that there is an alarming increase in morbidity, mortality and disability owing to road traffic accident which has become a major public health concern in India. Hence this study aims to assess the awareness and obeyance of road traffic rules among commuters in south Mangaluru suburbs. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 180 motorists in south Mangaluru suburbs during August 2015, who were selected conveniently and structured questionnaire was administered for interview schedule. The data were analyzed for mean, median, frequencies, percentages, standard deviation and appropriate statistical tests were applied by using SPSS version 16. Results: More than two-thirds (67.2%) had insufficient awareness about road traffic rules and more than three fourth of the respondents (86.1%) had bad obeyance of road traffic rules. There was relationship between awareness and practice which was statistically significant (p=0.041) and there was statistical significant difference (p<0.05) in obeyance according to marital status, profession and type of vehicles used. Conclusions: Though the respondents were aware about road traffic rules to a certain extent but they were not obeying the road traffic rules wholly. This can be addressed through the strict enforcement of road traffic rulesand behavioral change communications. 

scholarly journals Traumatic avulsion of the globe and optic nerve in a road traffic accident

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4348
Author(s):  
Ritesh Verma ◽  
Manisha Rathi ◽  
Sumit Sachdeva ◽  
C. S. Dhull ◽  
Jitender Phogat
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Third World ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Two Wheeler ◽  
Traffic Rules

Road traffic accident is one of the important causes of ocular trauma. There is a need for strict traffic rules in third world countries where a majority of people travel on two wheelers and that too without a helmet. People generally tend to over speed or try to fit in their children on a two wheeler in our country. In this case report, we present a case of complete avulsion of eye ball and optic nerve in a patient of a road traffic accident. There are no documented cases of avulsion of the globe and optic nerve due to a road traffic accident in the available literature.

scholarly journals Determinants of road traffic injury at Khulna division in Bangladesh: a cross sectional study of road traffic incidents

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1238
Author(s):  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Mostaured Ali Khan ◽  
Krishna Deb Nath ◽  
Mosharaf Hossain ◽  
Golam Mustagir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Road traffic injury (RTI) is one of the major causes of death, injury and disability worldwide and most of which occur in developing countries like Bangladesh. The main objective of this study was to identify the role of various socio-demographic and economic factors regarding the knowledge and consciousness about RTI at Khulna division in Bangladesh. Methods: Primary data were collected from 200 respondents in Khulna Medical College Hospital and Satkhira Sadar Hospital and several private clinics, generated by interviewing people who had experienced a traffic accident in Khulna division, Bangladesh. The Chi-square test and logistic regression model were utilized in this study to analyze the data. Results: The results show that there was a significant association between education (primary to higher secondary school: OR = 3.584, 95% CI = 0.907-14.155; higher educated: OR = 24.070, 95% CI = 4.860-119.206); occupation (farmer and labor: OR = 0.528,95% CI = 0.208-1.340; others: OR = 0.263, 95% CI = 0.097-0.713); if they were driving a motorcycle (OR = 4.137, 95% CI = 1.229-13.932); proper treatment (OR = 4.690, 95% CI = 1.736-12.673); consciousness about the RTI (OR = 18.394, 95% CI = 6.381-53.025); if they were an unskilled driver (OR = 8.169, 95% CI = 0.96-16.51), unfit vehicles (OR = 3.696, 95% CI = 1.032-13.234), if they were breaking traffic rules (OR = 6.918, 95% CI = 2.237-21.397), faulty road and traffic management (OR = 3.037, 95% CI = 1.125-8.196) with having knowledge about traffic rules in Khulna division, Bangladesh. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, by increasing knowledge and awareness about traffic rules among people through education and awareness programs, imposing strict traffic rules, not giving licenses to unskilled drivers, not allowing unfit vehicles on the road, reconstruction and proper road management RTI’s can be reduced.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding road traffic rules among college students, Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3818
Author(s):  
Usha Chakali ◽  
Ronur S. Ramesh ◽  
Jeby J. Olickal ◽  
Gayathri Surendran ◽  
Venkatachalam Jayaseelan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Road traffic accidents are considered a public health problem leading to high mortality and morbidity, especially among adolescents and young adults. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching to improve the knowledge of road traffic rules among college students and the factors associated with the difference in knowledge.Methods: We conducted pre-test post-test study among students from a Government Arts and Science college in Puducherry, South India from August to September 2019. We assessed the knowledge related to road traffic rules like road traffic signs, speed limits and penalties related to violation of traffic rules. A video-assisted health education session was provided to all, and change in knowledge assessed. Factors associated with the difference in scores were assessed using an independent t-test or ANOVA test.Results: A total of 355 college students were included in the study. Of them, 2 (0.56%) had adequate knowledge, 317 (89.3%) had moderate knowledge and 36 (10.14%) had inadequate knowledge regarding traffic rules in the pre-test. During post-test, 47 (13.24%) had moderate knowledge and 308 (86.7%) had adequate knowledge. Overall mean (SD) knowledge score was increased from 14.7 (2.8) to 23.6 (2.5) (p<0.001). Sociodemographic factors were not significantly associated with a change in knowledge scores.Conclusions: There was a significant difference in knowledge scores of students after the intervention. Continuous reinforcement and education about safety measures can motivate and bring a positive change among them in strictly following traffic rules.

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