Housing Gaps Between Rural–Urban Migrants and Local Urban Residents: The Case of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-243
Author(s):  
Hai Anh La ◽  
Thi Bich Tran ◽  
Uyen Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Migrants

Ecological Consciousness Setting during China Urbanization

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 853-860
Author(s):  
Qiu Zhong ◽  
Guo Qing Shi
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Ecological Consciousness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Migration Experience ◽  
Urban And Rural Residents ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Awareness Change ◽  
Environment Condition

China is facing ecological revolution now. The basis of the revolution is establishing the ecological consciousness. Different level of ecological consciousness in urban and rural area raised our attention. According to different environment conditions and based on pollution theory, we try to find out the cornerstone of setting ecological consciousness during this changing time. Since China is on the fast urbanization period, environmental awareness change on rural-urban migrants can be this key. This paper focused on which factor(s) have significant effect to ecological consciousness. Urban and Rural residents were interviewed for data collecting, and for deep research, three groups (Urban Residents Group, Rural residents Group and Migrants Group) are split based on responders’ migration experience. In this paper, ANOVA analysis and regression analysis are used. Based on pollution-driven theory, two models are given to compare the explanation strengths between within and without theory variables. We found that pollution experience and relative pollute have important effect on eco-consciousness. So Ecological Consciousness is not straight influenced by environment condition, but people think about the deterioration. We considered that, the cornerstone of setting ecological consciousness is recognizing the crisis and disruption of ecological environment.

Internal Migration, Social Exclusion, and Victimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Chinese Migrants ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Labor Dynamics

Objectives: This article applies a multidimensional social exclusion framework to examine Chinese rural-to-urban migrant victimization. Method: Data from the 2012 China Labor Dynamics Survey is used to examine whether Chinese migrants are more likely to be victimized compared to urban residents and to what extent the prior findings on the meditating roles of social exclusion between immigration and victimization can be applied to understand Chinese migrants’ victimization. Results: Findings reveal the elevated victimization risks among nationwide rural-to-urban migrants. Logistic regression models find that social exclusion mediates the link between migrant status and victimization and that social exclusion predicts victimization. Conclusions: The discriminative institutional arrangements in China are a major force of the universal disadvantages of Chinese migrants. That is, it is not the migrant status itself, but the social exclusion suffered by individuals that increase the likelihood of being criminally victimized.

Are suicidal behaviors more prevalent among rural-to-urban migrants than non-migrant rural and urban residents in Wuhan, China? –Evidence from a GIS/GPS-assisted probability sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yu ◽  
Xinguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background There is a lack of solid data on suicide among rural-to-urban migrants in China, a large and rapid growing population currently totaling 280 million. The study aims to investigate whether suicidal behaviors are more prevalent among the rural migrants than the non-migrant rural and urban residents. Methods Data from a probability sample (N=3951, 32.65% rural-to-urban migrants) were analyzed. The sample was selected in Wuhan, China using the GIS/GPS-assisted multistage probability sampling method. Suicidal ideation and attempt in the past year were measured. Prevalence rate [95% CI] was calculated using survey estimation method, considering the sampling design with sample clusters, disproportionate probabilities, and weights. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) [95% CI] was used to compare the difference of rural migrants with rural and urban residents in suicidal behaviors controlling for covariates. Results Among rural migrants, 5.74% [4.81, 6.68] reported having suicidal ideation, compared to 4.74% [3.07, 6.42] and 3.65% [2.64, 4.65] for rural and urban residents, respectively. The migrant-urban resident difference was significant with AOR =1.93 [1.26, 2.94] while the migrant-rural resident difference was not with AOR= 0.87 [0.46, 1.67]. The prevalence rate of suicidal attempt was 5.47% [4.57, 6.36] for rural migrants, significantly higher than 1.14% [0.43, 1.85] for rural residents with AOR=2.89 [1.12, 7.43]; and 2.01% [1.21, 2.82] for urban residents with AOR =3.97 [2.15, 7.34]. Conclusions Rural migrants are at higher risks for suicide comparing to rural and urban residents. Additional research is needed to examine factors related to the increased risk of suicidal behaviors among rural migrants in China.

The Son of the Hawk Does Not Remain Abroad: The Urban–Rural Connection in Africa

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Gugler
Keyword(s):  
Return Migration ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Migration Strategies ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Abstract:Most rural–urban migrants maintain significant ties with their communities of origin in Africa south of the Sahara. Contrary to “modernist” assumptions that these ties would fade away, they often continue to be strong. This urban–rural connection has important consequences for rural–urban migration, for urban–rural return migration, for the rural economy, and for the political process. To understand the processes underpinning the urban–rural connection we need to distinguish different migration strategies and to deconstruct the notion of “rural.” Depending on their migration strategies, urban residents connect with a range of actors at the rural end: more or less closely related kin, kinship groups, non-kin groups, villages, larger political entities. These connections play out differently for men and women.

Overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-75
Author(s):  
Chuliang Luo ◽  
Terry Sicular ◽  
Shi Li
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Regional Income ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Inequality Indexes ◽  
Different Sources

This chapter presents national estimates of incomes and inequality for 2007 and 2013. It begins with discussion of the CHIP datasets and measurement issues. It then reports core estimates of income and inequality, which indicate a modest decline in inequality during this period. Estimates are reported separately for formal urban residents, rural residents, and rural-to-urban migrants, with discussion of the effects of migration on inequality. Incomes and inequality are decomposed among the different sources of income; the urban/rural and regional income gaps are investigated. Alternative estimates of national inequality—using different income definitions, inequality indexes, and prices—are reported, as well as estimates that adjust for the underrepresentation of incomes in the top tail of the income distribution. The estimated decline in national inequality survives some but not all of these alternative calculations and thus raises questions about the magnitude and long-term sustainability of the inequality decline.

scholarly journals Cancer diagnosis and care among rural-to-urban migrants in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e001923
Author(s):  
Rebecca Myerson ◽  
Tianyi Lu ◽  
Yong Yuan ◽  
Gordon Guo-En Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Prevalence Of Cancer

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of death in China. Rural-to-urban migrants are a group of over 260 million people in China sometimes termed the ‘floating’ population. This study assessed the prevalence of cancer diagnosis and access to needed healthcare by residence and migration status in China.MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, a nationally representative population-based random sample of adults age 45 years and older and their spouses in China. We used multivariable logistic regressions to compare outcomes among rural-to-urban migrants, local urban residents and local rural residents after adjusting for province of residence, socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics.ResultsThe sample included 7335 urban residents, 9286 rural residents and 3255 rural-to-urban migrants. Prevalence of cancer diagnosis was 9.9 per 1000 population among rural-to-urban migrants (95% CI 6.5 to 15.1 per 1000 population). Rural-to-urban migrants had higher tobacco use (OR=2.01; 95% CI 1.59 to 2.56, p<0.001), lower use of a health check-up (OR=0.57; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.67, p<0.001) and lower prevalence of diagnosed cancer (OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.95, p=0.037) than urban residents. Among participants with diagnosed cancer, residence and migration status were not predictive of foregoing needed healthcare, but were predictive of diagnosis with a screen-detectable tumour (ie, breast, colon, prostate or cervical cancer) (OR=0.17; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.63, p=0.007 for rural residents; OR=0.34; 95% CI 0.09 to 1.22, p=0.098 for rural-to-urban migrants, compared with urban residents).ConclusionRapid and large migration is still a driving force transitioning China. Due to some remaining dual policy settings in favour of local residents, rural migrants tend to use lower primary care and preventive health check-ups in general, and diagnosis of screen-detectable tumours in particular, leading to potentially higher risk of missing early diagnosis of cancers. Closing gaps in diagnosis of screen-detectable tumours could increase treatment and improve cancer outcomes.

COMPARING KNOWLEDGE AND USE OF HEALTH SERVICES OF MIGRANTS FROM RURAL AND URBAN AREAS IN KUNMING CITY, CHINA

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOLIN WEI ◽  
STEPHEN PEARSON ◽  
ZHANXIN ZHANG ◽  
JIANGMEI QIN ◽  
NANCY GEREIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
Utilization Of Health Services ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Township Hospitals ◽  
High Level

SummaryThis paper compares the knowledge and utilization of health services among rural residents, urban residents, rural migrants and urban migrants in a large Chinese city. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of 2765 individuals (1951 heads of households and 814 spouses) in Guandu district, Kunming, in 2005. The determinants of their knowledge and utilization of health services were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. First, the migrant population was less likely to know of, or utilize, high-level hospitals and township hospitals than residents. Migrants were more likely to utilize private rather than public services for general health care and delivery care. Second, there was a difference between rural migrants and urban migrants in terms of knowledge and utilization of health services. Rural migrants utilized more low-cost private clinics, but had less knowledge about sources of condoms than urban migrants. Finally, rural residents had more knowledge and utilization of township hospitals than urban residents. This latter group were more likely to utilize high-level hospitals. Migrants' access to health care in urban China is understood better using a dual rural–urban and migrant–resident analytical framework. Rural migrants are the most disadvantaged in their access to urban health care. Further reform of the registered residence system and urban public financing system is recommended. Better information on services and their utilization should be provided to migrants and residents.

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