Crop Production Functions and Efficiency Models: Climate Change and Water Adaptation Policy Over Competitiveness and Social Disparities of Crop Production in the Mediterranean

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
S. Quiroga ◽  
Z. Fernández-Haddad ◽  
C. Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Social Disparities ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Change on Vector Borne Diseases in the Mediterranean Basin — Implications for Preparedness and Adaptation Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 6745-6770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Negev ◽  
Shlomit Paz ◽  
Alexandra Clermont ◽  
Noemie Pri-Or ◽  
Uri Shalom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Adapting viticulture to climate change in the Mediterranean region: Evaluations accounting for spatial differences in the producers-climate interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 01001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Santillán ◽  
V. Sotés ◽  
A. Iglesias ◽  
L. Garrote
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Climate Interactions ◽  
Climate Vulnerability ◽  
The Mediterranean

Effective adaptation of viticulture to climate change requires impact and response scenarios. Although climate and production impact scenarios are based on the evaluation of a spatially heterogeneous system, conventional response scenarios do not take into account the variation of the producers-climate interactions. These interactions are often extremely heterogeneous and unevenly distributed in space, leading to errors in the needs and adaptation plans, especially in large areas. Here we develop a novel framework for adaptation that considers the heterogeneity of the responses given by producers to climate, and applies the concept to adaptation of viticulture to climate change in the Mediterranean region. We use future climate scenarios at 0.5 ∘ resolution to estimate the adaptation of viticulture by the end of the 21st century. Results suggest that most of the Mediterranean region may urgently need adaptation plans, leading to potential opportunities. By incorporating spatially explicit information on the diversity of viticulture systems, management practices, and climate vulnerability, this approach may contribute to adaptation policy.

scholarly journals Balancing Waste and Nutrient Flows Between Urban Agglomerations and Rural Ecosystems: Biochar for Improving Crop Growth and Urban Air Quality in The Mediterranean Region

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Anastasia Zabaniotou ◽  
Katerina Stamou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mediterranean ecosystems are threatened by water and nutrient scarcity and continuous loss of soil organic carbon. Urban agglomerations and rural ecosystems in the Mediterranean region and globally are interlinked through the flows of resources/nutrients and wastes. Contributing to balancing these cycles, the present study advocates standardized biochar as a soil amendment, produced from Mediterranean suitable biowaste, for closing the nutrient loop in agriculture, with parallel greenhouse gas reduction, enhancing air quality in urban agglomerations, mitigating climate change. The study’s scope is the contextualization of pyrolytic conditions and biowaste type effects on the yield and properties of biochar and to shed light on biochar’s role in soil fertility and climate change mitigation. Mediterranean-type suitable feedstocks (biowaste) to produce biochar, in accordance with biomass feedstocks approved for use in producing biochar by the European Biochar Certificate, are screened. Data form large-scale and long-period field experiments are considered. The findings advocate the following: (a) pyrolytic biochar application in soils contributes to the retention of important nutrients for agricultural production, thereby reducing the use of fertilizers; (b) pyrolysis does not release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, contributing positively to the balance of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere, with carbon uptake by plant photosynthesis; (c) biochar stores carbon in soils, counterbalancing the effect of climate change by sequestering carbon; (d) there is an imperative need to identify the suitable feedstock for the production of sustainable and safe biochar from a range of biowaste, according to the European Biochar Certificate, for safe crop production.

scholarly journals Sustainable crop production to ensuring food security under climate change: A Mediterranean perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Ayman EL Sabagh ◽  
Celaleddin Barutcular ◽  
Rajan Bhatt ◽  
Fatih Çiğ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Crop Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Rain Events

The global population is predicted to expand to 9.1 billion by 2050. Countries around the Mediterranean Sea are predicted to achieve a combined population of 529 million by 2025. The current major challenge confronting sustainable agriculture in the Mediterranean region is climate change which has directly affected the extent and frequency of rain events, floods, and droughts, which in turn has influenced land and water productivity and farmers’ livelihoods. The present review highlights the major consequences of climate change for sustainable crop production in the Mediterranean region and evaluates different mitigation strategies for improving agricultural land productivity and water use efficiency along with their impact on farmers’ livelihoods.

scholarly journals Do Water Rights Affect Technical Efficiency and Social Disparities of Crop Production in the Mediterranean? The Spanish Ebro Basin Evidence

Water ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3300-3319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Quiroga ◽  
Zaira Fernández-Haddad ◽  
Cristina Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Social Disparities ◽  
Ebro Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The economic value of drought information for water management under climate change: a case study in the Ebro basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Quiroga ◽  
L. Garrote ◽  
A. Iglesias ◽  
Z. Fernández-Haddad ◽  
J. Schlickenrieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
River Basin Management Plans ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Drought events in the Mediterranean are likely to increase in frequency, duration and intensity due to climate change, thereby affecting crop production. Information about drought is valuable for river basin authorities and the farmers affected by their decisions. The economic value of this information and the resulting decisions are of interest to these two stakeholder groups and to the information providers. Understanding the dynamics of extreme events, including droughts, in future climate scenarios for the Mediterranean is being improved continuously. This paper analyses the economic value of information on drought events taking into account the risk aversion of water managers. We consider the effects of drought management plans on rice production in the Ebro river basin. This enables us to compute the willingness to compensate the river basin authority for more accurate information allowing for better decision-making. If runoff is reduced, river basin planners can consider the reduction of water allocation for irrigation in order to eliminate the risk of water scarcity. Alternately, river basin planners may decide to maintain water allocation and accept a reduction of water supply reliability, leaving farmers exposed to drought events. These two alternatives offer different risk levels for crop production and farmers' incomes which determine the value of this information to the river basin authority. The information is relevant for the revision of River Basin Management Plans of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) within the context of climate change.

Developing crop production functions of wheat using experimentally determined yield response factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.A Hossain ◽  
M. Abdullah ◽  
ME Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Response Factors

The Biology of Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Esler ◽  
Anna L. Jacobsen ◽  
R. Brandon Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Type Ecosystems

The world’s mediterranean-type climate regions (including areas within the Mediterranean, South Africa, Australia, California, and Chile) have long been of interest to biologists by virtue of their extraordinary biodiversity and the appearance of evolutionary convergence between these disparate regions. Comparisons between mediterranean-type climate regions have provided important insights into questions at the cutting edge of ecological, ecophysiological and evolutionary research. These regions, dominated by evergreen shrubland communities, contain many rare and endemic species. Their mild climate makes them appealing places to live and visit and this has resulted in numerous threats to the species and communities that occupy them. Threats include a wide range of factors such as habitat loss due to development and agriculture, disturbance, invasive species, and climate change. As a result, they continue to attract far more attention than their limited geographic area might suggest. This book provides a concise but comprehensive introduction to mediterranean-type ecosystems. As with other books in the Biology of Habitats Series, the emphasis in this book is on the organisms that dominate these regions although their management, conservation, and restoration are also considered.

scholarly journals Impact of air–sea coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba de la Vara ◽  
William Cabos ◽  
Dmitry V. Sein ◽  
Claas Teichmann ◽  
Daniela Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this work we use a regional atmosphere–ocean coupled model (RAOCM) and its stand-alone atmospheric component to gain insight into the impact of atmosphere–ocean coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula (IP). The IP climate is influenced by both the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean sea. Complex interactions with the orography take place there and high-resolution models are required to realistically reproduce its current and future climate. We find that under the RCP8.5 scenario, the generalized 2-m air temperature (T2M) increase by the end of the twenty-first century (2070–2099) in the atmospheric-only simulation is tempered by the coupling. The impact of coupling is specially seen in summer, when the warming is stronger. Precipitation shows regionally-dependent changes in winter, whilst a drier climate is found in summer. The coupling generally reduces the magnitude of the changes. Differences in T2M and precipitation between the coupled and uncoupled simulations are caused by changes in the Atlantic large-scale circulation and in the Mediterranean Sea. Additionally, the differences in projected changes of T2M and precipitation with the RAOCM under the RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 scenarios are tackled. Results show that in winter and summer T2M increases less and precipitation changes are of a smaller magnitude with the RCP4.5. Whilst in summer changes present a similar regional distribution in both runs, in winter there are some differences in the NW of the IP due to differences in the North Atlantic circulation. The differences in the climate change signal from the RAOCM and the driving Global Coupled Model show that regionalization has an effect in terms of higher resolution over the land and ocean.

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