History of Sexually Transmitted Infections

2011 ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Sexual Behaviors and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Male Veterans and Nonveterans

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Evans ◽  
Sonya Borrero ◽  
Jonathan Yabes ◽  
Elian A. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
The Past ◽  
Male Veterans ◽  
Veteran Status ◽  
History Of

Little is known about the sexual health of male veterans. This study used nationally representative data from the 2011 to 2013 National Survey of Family Growth to compare sexual behaviors and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between male veterans and nonveterans. The sample included 3,860 men aged 18 to 44 years who reported ever having sex with a man or woman. The key independent variable was veteran status. Sexual behavior outcomes included ≥6 lifetime female partners, ≥10 lifetime partners of either sex, ≥2 past-year partners of either sex, having past-year partners of both sexes, and condom nonuse at last vaginal sex. STI outcomes included past-year history of chlamydia, gonorrhea, or receiving any STI treatment; lifetime history of herpes, genital warts, or syphilis; and an aggregate measure capturing any reported STI history. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between veteran status and each outcome. In models adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, income, and marital status, veterans had significantly greater odds than nonveterans of having ≥6 lifetime female partners ( OR = 1.5, 95% CI [1.02, 2.31]). In models adjusting for age and marital status, veterans had significantly greater odds of having partners of both sexes in the past year ( OR = 4.8, 95% CI [1.2, 19.8]), and gonorrhea in the past year ( OR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.2, 8.5]). Male veterans were thus significantly more likely than nonveterans to have STI risk factors. Health care providers should be aware that male veterans may be at higher risk for STIs and assess veterans’ sexual risk behaviors.

The diagnosis of hepatitis C in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine clinic

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 847-849
Author(s):  
A R Markos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine

A retrospective casenote study was conducted to examine the risk factors for patients who were diagnosed as hepatitis C (HCV)-positive (between 1999 and 2001) in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine (GUM) setting in Staffordshire, UK. There was a remarkable escalation in the number of reported HCV-positive cases, year on year, in our study. The majority of the positive cases (20/21) gave a history of previous intravenous drug use (IVDU). The incidence of other sexually transmitted infections were reportedly high in our HCV-positive patients. The increasing number of reported HCV-positive cases in the GUM clinic of the semirural Staffordshire setting, may reflect a national pattern that needs further investigations. We advise that HCV serology should be offered to GUM clients (who have a history of IVDU), and to their sex partners. They should also be advised to take tests to exclude other STDs. The case for offering HCV serology as a routine test for patients who request 'the exclusion of STDs' is still undecided.

scholarly journals Unilateral Twin Ectopic Pregnancy in a Patient With a History of Multiple Sexually Transmitted Infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Rolle ◽  
Clifford Y. Wai ◽  
Roger Bawdon ◽  
Rigoberto Santos-Ramos ◽  
Barbara Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Operative Trauma ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background. The incidence of unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy is a rare condition. Several factors increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy, the most important of which is pelvic inflammatory disease, followed by operative trauma, congenital anomalies, tumors, and adhesions resulting in anatomically distorted fallopian tubes. We present a case of a woman with a history of four confirmed sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, herpes simplex virus 2, and Treponema pallidum. The case illustrates the potential impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on the risk of a twin ectopic pregnancy. Case. A 24-year-old primigravida, presented with an unknown last menstrual period, lower abdominal pain, watery vaginal discharge, and vaginal spotting. During this hospitalization, serumβ-HCG testing was 263 mIU/mL and transvaginal ultrasonographic examination suggested a nonviable unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy. At exploratory laparotomy, a 10 cm mass involving the right fallopian tube and ovary was excised. Pathological evaluation of the specimen identified a monochorionic, diamnionic twin ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube. Conclusions Patients with a history of multiple (STIs) are known to be at risk for the development of chronic pelvic infection and postinflammatory scarring. The resulting distortion of the normal tubal anatomy leads to an increased risk of an uncommon presentation of ectopic pregnancy.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour and infection rates for HIV, blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections among patients attending drug treatment centres in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
F I Bastos ◽  
C M Lowndes ◽  
M Derrico ◽  
L R Castello-Branco ◽  
M I Linhares-De-Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

A survey was carried out in 2 drug use treatment centres (TCs) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to assess risk behaviours, HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections/blood-borne infections (STIs/BBIs). Two hundred and twenty-five drug users (195 males and 30 females) were interviewed and clinically examined, and their blood and urine were tested for STIs/BBIs. Prevalences (%) for these infections were as follows - HIV: 0.9, hepatitis B virus (HBV): 14.7, hepatitis C virus (HCV): 5.8, syphilis: 5.3, gonorrhoea/chlamydia (CT/NG): 4.7. In bivariate analyses CT/NG infection was associated with younger age ( P =0.003); current genitourinary symptoms (odds ratio [OR]=6.2) and a mainly illegal source of income (OR= 9.1). Hepatitis C infection was associated with a history of ever having injected any drug (OR=19.6), and with each one of the injected drugs. After multiple logistic regression, lower educational level (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.70) and 'ever having injected drugs' (AOR=3.69) remained as independent risk factors for hepatitis B infection. In conclusion, TCs must implement programmes directed towards the prevention of STIs/BBIs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women: systematic review and recommendations to improve care

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Libertad Soligo Takemoto ◽  
Mariane de Oliveira Menezes ◽  
Carla Betina Andreucci Polido ◽  
Débora de Souza Santos ◽  
Valeria Marli Leonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Stigma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Our aim was to systematically review data about the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women and to suggest strategies to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A search strategy for lesbian, STI and bacterial vaginosis was applied to PubMed, LILACS and BDENF databases. Of 387 unique references retrieved, 22 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (cross-sectional studies reporting prevalence for 8 STIs/bacterial vaginosis and history of a STI). The most frequent infection reported was bacterial vaginosis, and none study reported data on hepatitis B. A wide range of prevalence was observed for most infections. In terms of risk factors, the number of sexual partners, the past or current smoking, a history of forced sex and sexual stigma seem to increase the risk of STI and bacterial vaginosis. The findings of this review are discussed considering guidelines directly addressing the LGBT community’s health and relevant studies investigating both safe sexual practices and the intricate relationship between LGBT people and their care providers. A set of recommendations to improve preventive care for lesbian women is proposed. Affirming that little is known about the extent of STIs and bacterial vaginosis transmission in female-to-female sexual activities or about the risk factors for STI and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women is reasonable. In fact, the overall quality of the studies was low or very low with significant uncertainty around their findings. However, we consider that the available knowledge indicates some paths to be followed by care providers and policy decision-makers to improve their actions towards better sexual health of lesbian women.

HIV infection and asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections in a rural South African community

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 548-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Colvin ◽  
S S Abdool Karim ◽  
C Connolly ◽  
A A Hoosen ◽  
N Ntuli
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
South African ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Community ◽  
Partner Concurrency

The objective was to determine the prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections STIs in a rural community. A population based survey of adults in 110 homesteads was conducted in 1995. A questionnaire on demographics, sexual practices and history of STDs was administered. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections were detected using ligase chain reaction LCR assay of urine. The seroprevalence of syphilis rapid plasma reagin RPR and Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay TPHA and HIV infection ELISA was determined. Among 259 subjects the prevalence of HIV was 10.5 , N. gonorrhoeae 4.5 , C. trachomatis 6.1 and active syphilis 8.8 . All infections were asymptomatic. Forty per cent of sexually active men had more than one concurrent sexual partner. Only 14 of subjects had ever used condoms. The STI epidemic is being promoted by high levels of asymptomatic infections, high partner concurrency and low condom use.

scholarly journals Association of Risk Factors With Hepatitis B & C Infection Among Pregnant Women Visiting a Private Tertiary Care Hospitals- Peshawar (An Un Matched Pilot Case Control Study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalwa Javed Farooqi ◽  
Farhat Rehana Malik ◽  
Kanza Javed Farooqi ◽  
Owais Mudassar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Past History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Abstract Background; Viral hepatitis causes devastating health issues to everyone globally and specifically the most vulnerable groups like pregnant ladies. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis B and C virus infection with univariate association of virus seropositivity among pregnant women and comparison of public with private hospital data.Study Design; An Unmatched Case Control Pilot Study.Place and Duration; Gynaecology wards of Two Public Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar and equal number of Private clinics, from September- 2018 to February- 2019.Methods; This study enrolled 21 cases and controls as 1:1 ratio via consecutive sampling. A validated questionnaire was used. Cases included were HBsAg and ELISA positive HCV females, while anti HBsAg and Anti HCV ELISA negative were the controls. The collected data was entered and analysed in SPSS version- 19. Descriptive statistics were computed by frequency and percentages while inferential statistics through Odd ratio and 95% confidence interval. P value cut of limit was set at <0.05. Results; The mean age was 37±9 for the cases and 28±6 years for controls respectively. The risk factors with increase occurrence of disease were past history of abortion OR=1.23 (95% Cl=0.34-4.35), past hospitalization OR=2.90 (Cl=0.77-10.8), past surgical procedure OR=3.69 (Cl=0.81-16.6), dental extraction OR=1.25 (Cl=0.33-4.63), delivery in hospital OR=4.26 (Cl=1.13-16.05), injection in hospitals OR=1.47 (Cl=0.43-5.04), household contact with jaundice OR=5.66 (Cl=1.41-22.7). Normal vaginal delivery OR=1.96 (Cl=0.51-7.48) and history of sexually transmitted infections OR=2.23 (Cl=0.36-13.7) were independently associated with HBV, HCV.Conclusion; Iatrogenic exposures of injections, blood transfusions, tooth extractions, home deliveries with past history of sexually transmitted infections, abortion, hepatitis infection and hospital admissions were the risk factors among the pregnant women.

scholarly journals Compartmentalization and Clonal Amplification of HIV-1 in the Male Genital Tract Characterized Using Next-Generation Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mundia Kariuki ◽  
Philippe Selhorst ◽  
Colin Anthony ◽  
David Matten ◽  
Melissa-Rose Abrahams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Male Genital

ABSTRACT Compartmentalization of HIV-1 between the systemic circulation and the male genital tract may have a substantial impact on which viruses are available for sexual transmission to new hosts. We studied compartmentalization and clonal amplification of HIV-1 populations between the blood and the genital tract from 10 antiretroviral-naive men using Illumina MiSeq with a PrimerID approach. We found evidence of some degree of compartmentalization in every study participant, unlike previous studies, which collectively showed that only ∼50% of analyzed individuals exhibited compartmentalization of HIV-1 lineages between the male genital tract (MGT) and blood. Using down-sampling simulations, we determined that this disparity can be explained by differences in sampling depth in that had we sequenced to a lower depth, we would also have found compartmentalization in only ∼50% of the study participants. For most study participants, phylogenetic trees were rooted in blood, suggesting that the male genital tract reservoir is seeded by incoming variants from the blood. Clonal amplification was observed in all study participants and was a characteristic of both blood and semen viral populations. We also show evidence for independent viral replication in the genital tract in the individual with the most severely compartmentalized HIV-1 populations. The degree of clonal amplification was not obviously associated with the extent of compartmentalization. We were also unable to detect any association between history of sexually transmitted infections and level of HIV-1 compartmentalization. Overall, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics that affect the composition of virus populations that are available for transmission. IMPORTANCE Within an individual living with HIV-1, factors that restrict the movement of HIV-1 between different compartments—such as between the blood and the male genital tract—could strongly influence which viruses reach sites in the body from which they can be transmitted. Using deep sequencing, we found strong evidence of restricted HIV-1 movements between the blood and genital tract in all 10 men that we studied. We additionally found that neither the degree to which particular genetic variants of HIV-1 proliferate (in blood or genital tract) nor an individual’s history of sexually transmitted infections detectably influenced the degree to which virus movements were restricted between the blood and genital tract. Last, we show evidence that viral replication gave rise to a large clonal amplification in semen in a donor with highly compartmentalized HIV-1 populations, raising the possibility that differential selection of HIV-1 variants in the genital tract may occur.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among the University of Gondar students, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Ayanaw Kassie ◽  
Hedja Yenus ◽  
Resom Berhe ◽  
Eskeziaw Abebe Kassahun
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Abstract Introduction Globally, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health problem. University students tend to practices sex which predisposes them to sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe abortions due to their freedom from families. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among the University of Gondar students, northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 845 the University of Gondar students selected using the multistage sampling technique from March 7–10, 2016. The data were collected using a structured, pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed through SPSS version 20 to identify factors associated with sexually transmitted infections. Odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of association. In the multivariable analysis, variables with p-value less than 5% were considered as statistically significant association between covariates and sexually transmitted infections. Result Sexually transmitted infections among university students were found to be 18.20% (95%CI,15.40,20.80). Previous history of sexually transmitted infections (AOR = 2.1; 95%CI: 1.04, 4.38), multiple sexual partners in life (AOR = 2.7; 95%CI:1.70, 4.40), not use of condoms during sexual intercourses (AOR = 2.4; 95%CI:1.50,3.75) and poor knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (AOR = 3.3; 95%CI:1.09,5.32) were significantly associated with sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion The prevalence of STIs was high among university students. The previous history of sexually transmitted infections, multiple sexual partners, not using condoms during sexual intercourse and poor knowledge of sexually transmitted infections were found to be associated with the infections. Opening and strengthen reproductive health centers on the campuses, popularizing sexual, and reproductive health information and education, particularly on STI modes of transmission, prevention, and health-seeking behaviors, and providing information on accessing of condoms is recommended to reduce sexually transmitted infections.

scholarly journals Illicit drug use and sexually transmitted infections among young adults in the US: evidence from a nationally representative survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (13) ◽  
pp. 1238-1246
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rifat Haider ◽  
Caroline Kingori ◽  
Monique J Brown ◽  
Michele Battle-Fisher ◽  
Ilana Azulay Chertok
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

Young people aged 15–24 years account for half of all new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations of factors linked to STIs among US young adults (18–25 years). This study used the 2015–2018 pooled National Survey on Drug Use and Health data on 55,690 young adults. Almost 3.4% of the respondents reported having an STI in the past year. Among the participants, 38.4% used illicit drugs and 3.7% reported a history of delinquency in the past year. In the survey-weighted logistic regression model, odds for contracting STIs in the preceding year was higher among adults aged 22–25 versus 18–21 years (OR:1.26, 95%CI:1.12–1.42); male versus female (OR:2.44, 95%CI:2.11–2.82); non-Hispanic African American versus non-Hispanic White (OR:1.77, 95%CI:1.55–2.02); widowed/separated/divorced (OR:1.93, 95%CI:1.36–2.75) and never married (OR:1.29, 95%CI:1.07–1.55) versus married; full-time/part-time employed (aOR:1.17, 95% CI:1.04–1.31) compared to unemployed/other; history of delinquency (OR:2.31, 95%CI:1.89–2.83); and use of illicit drugs in the last year (OR:3.10, 95%CI:2.77–3.47). High incidence of illicit drug use by the young adults and its strong association with STI incidence in recent years warrant special attention. Tailored preventive measures should be focused on key predictors.

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