A Simulation Model for Emergency Evacuation Time and Low-Cost Improvements of a Hospital Facility Using FlexSim Healthcare: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Mikulik ◽  
Witold Aleksander Cempel ◽  
Stanisław Kracik ◽  
Dawid Dąbal
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Hospital Facility

A Simulation-Based Methodology for Evaluating the Factors on Ship Emergency Evacuation

2017 ◽  
Vol 159 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Sarvari ◽  
E Cevikcan
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
First Time

There are many hazards on a ship that makes an emergency evacuation process inevitable. Providing safe and effective evacuation of passengers from ships in an emergency situation becomes critical. Handling a real ship evacuation practice is often unaffordable as modelling such an environment is very expensive and may cause severe distress to participants. As an alternative, simulation models have been used to overwhelm the issue above in recent years. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel simulation-based methodology for evaluating the effect of factors including physical as well as psychological passenger characteristics and routeing systematic on emergency evacuation process for public marine transportation. A detailed questionnaire has been conducted in this work to reflect passenger characteristics on simulation model in a more realistic manner. Also, a new routeing systematic is developed to provide an efficient evacuation procedure. As another contribution, a novel grid-based approach where the meshed discretized nodes can contain more than one passenger is proposed in simulation model for the first time. Then, a statistical analysis is included within the methodology to assess the importance level of each factor on evacuation time. The proposed methodology is applied to a real life Ro-Ro ferry. A validation protocol based on IMO regulations is conducted and confirmed the effectiveness of the suggested simulation model. The simulation of different scenario types have indicated the influencing factors in a ship emergency evacuation. According to results, passenger characteristics has been identified as the most dominant factor on evacuation performance. The highest evacuation time difference has been observed for different levels of weight attribute. Moreover, it is concluded that the consideration of load utilization balancing among evacuation systems for routeing decreases evacuation time significantly. Finally, significant evacuation time difference between grid approaches have been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Fire Evacuation Process Using Both Elevators and Staircases for Aging People: Simulation Case Study on Personnel Distribution in High-Rise Nursing Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yameng Chen ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Hong Song Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Building Evacuation ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Aging People

There were increasing concerns on the possibility and suitability of using elevators for high-rise building evacuation because, through the improvement of the elevator system, the self-evacuation ability of age people is promoted as much as possible in the process of an emergency evacuation. The combined evacuation using both elevators and stairs was put into discussion. However, there was no empirical evidence and numerical simulation on emergency evacuation using both elevators and staircases for aging people in high-rise nursing homes. Therefore, using one case study, this paper simulated the emergency evacuation in a high-rise nursing home using variables such as the distribution of the elderly with different physical conditions, the proportion of the elderly in different physical conditions, the number of the elderly, the number of floors, the number of elevators used, and the priority of the elevator floor. By simulating the evacuation process in various scenarios, the general distribution strategy of high-rise nursing home and the optimal use of the elevator-stair combination during the emergency evacuation were developed. Results show that the elevator-stair combination of evacuation is more effective than using elevators or stairs alone. Increasing the number and speed of elevators can reduce evacuation time. Categorizing elderly people on each floor according to their physical conditions could reduce the evacuation time than randomly distributing them.

Uncommon exit arrangement effects in airplane emergency evacuation

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (13) ◽  
pp. 2424-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Martínez-Val ◽  
JM Hedo ◽  
E Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Certification Process ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Utilization Patterns

This paper presents the effects of uncommon exit size and location arrangement in the emergency evacuation of transport airplanes. The analysis is carried out by means of an agent-based computer model conceived to simulate the evacuation of narrow-body aircraft as required in the certification process, as well as for design purposes. The simulation model provides full evacuation data of all occupants: escape route followed, distance to exit, time to reach the ground, etc., as well as those of the whole cabin: exit utilization patterns, evacuation histograms, chronolines and total evacuation time. The present research concentrates on the effect of uncommon exit size and location arrangements, such as large longitudinal shifting and/or suppression of some of the exits in the evacuation performance.

A hybrid simulation model of passenger emergency evacuation under disruption scenarios: A case study of a large transfer railway station

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Hassannayebi ◽  
Mehrdad Memarpour ◽  
Soheil Mardani ◽  
Masoud Shakibayifar ◽  
Iman Bakhshayeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Hybrid Simulation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Railway Station

Performance-based fire safety evacuation of an auditorium facility using a theoretical calculation method

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar S. Mahmoud ◽  
Muizz O. Sanni-Anibire ◽  
Mohammad A. Hassanain
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safety Evacuation ◽  
In Fire

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a theoretical calculation for the emergency evacuation of an auditorium facility managed by a university in Saudi Arabia. Design/methodology/approach The authors reviewed the published literature to identify the sources of fire incidence, guidelines for means of escape in assembly occupancies and human behavior in fire emergencies. The theoretical method of the SFPE handbook to estimate the required evacuation time was subsequently applied to a case study of an auditorium facility managed by a university located in Saudi Arabia. Finally, the authors developed recommendations for the performance-based fire safety evacuation of the auditorium facility under review. Findings The study showed that a total of 6 minutes 39 seconds is needed to evacuate the whole auditorium. However, reviewed literature for assembly occupancies requires between 4 minutes 30 seconds and 6 minutes 24 seconds for total evacuation. Though, the calculated evacuation time is close to generally acceptable limits. It was noted that overcrowding and bottlenecks may be formed in some of the exit routes. Originality/value This paper will stimulate and increase research and industry concern for performance-based design of assembly-type facilities. This will be of significant value to designers, engineers, facilities managers, and owners in ensuring the safety of occupants in assembly-type facilities.

A SIMULATION-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING THE FACTORS ON SHIP EMERGENCY EVACUATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 159 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Sarvari ◽  
E Cevikcan
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
First Time

There are many hazards on a ship that makes an emergency evacuation process inevitable. Providing safe and effective evacuation of passengers from ships in an emergency situation becomes critical. Handling a real ship evacuation practice is often unaffordable as modelling such an environment is very expensive and may cause severe distress to participants. As an alternative, simulation models have been used to overwhelm the issue above in recent years. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel simulation-based methodology for evaluating the effect of factors including physical as well as psychological passenger characteristics and routeing systematic on emergency evacuation process for public marine transportation. A detailed questionnaire has been conducted in this work to reflect passenger characteristics on simulation model in a more realistic manner. Also, a new routeing systematic is developed to provide an efficient evacuation procedure. As another contribution, a novel grid-based approach where the meshed discretized nodes can contain more than one passenger is proposed in simulation model for the first time. Then, a statistical analysis is included within the methodology to assess the importance level of each factor on evacuation time. The proposed methodology is applied to a real life Ro-Ro ferry. A validation protocol based on IMO regulations is conducted and confirmed the effectiveness of the suggested simulation model. The simulation of different scenario types have indicated the influencing factors in a ship emergency evacuation. According to results, passenger characteristics has been identified as the most dominant factor on evacuation performance. The highest evacuation time difference has been observed for different levels of weight attribute. Moreover, it is concluded that the consideration of load utilization balancing among evacuation systems for routeing decreases evacuation time significantly. Finally, significant evacuation time difference between grid approaches have been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Pre-evacuation Time Estimation Based Emergency Evacuation Simulation in Urban Residential Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Yu ◽  
Wen ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Emergency Events

The timely and secure evacuation of an urban residential community is crucial to residents’ safety when emergency events happen. This is different to evacuation of office spaces or schools, emergency evacuation in residential communities must consider the pre-evacuation time. The importance of estimating evacuation time components has been recognized for approximately 40 years. However, pre-evacuation time is rarely discussed in previous community-scale emergency evacuation studies. This paper proposes a new method that estimates the pre-evacuation time, which makes the evacuation simulation in urban residential communities more realistic. This method integrates the residents’ pre-evacuation behavior data obtained by surveys to explore the influencing factors of pre-evacuation time and builds a predictive model to forecast pre-evacuation times based on the Random Forest algorithm. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to find the critical parameters in evacuation simulations. The results of evacuation simulations in different scenarios can be compared to identify potential evacuation problems. A case study in Luoshanqicun Community, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China, was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The simulation results showed that the pre-evacuation times have significant impacts on the simulation procedure, including the total evacuation time, the congestion time and the congestion degree. This study can help to gain a deeper understanding of residents’ behaviors under emergencies and improve emergency managements of urban communities.

A simulation model for emergency evacuation time of a library facility using EVACNET4

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ashraf Tashrifullahi ◽  
Mohammad A. Hassanain
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Time

Low Temperature Fault Isolation Using Soft Defect Localization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher D. Staller
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Defect Localization ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Cold temperature failures are often difficult to resolve, especially those at extreme low levels (< -40°C). Momentary application of chill spray can confirm the failure mode, but is impractical during photoemission microscopy (PEM), laser scanning microscopy (LSM), and multiple point microprobing. This paper will examine relatively low-cost cold temperature systems that can hold samples at steady state extreme low temperatures and describe a case study where a cold temperature stage was combined with LSM soft defect localization (SDL) to rapidly identify the cause of a complex cold temperature failure mechanism.

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