scholarly journals Ergonomic Analysis of An Affordance Tool for Modern Kitchen Knives

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1209-1212
Author(s):  
Richard T. Stone ◽  
Olivia Janusz ◽  
Thomas M. Schnieders
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Pinch Grip ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
Ergonomic Analysis ◽  
And Control

The focus of this study was on how different knife characteristics affect the consumer’s ability to slice vegetables. There are many variables to a knife and there are beliefs about what makes a better knife. There are two common multipurpose knives used for slicing vegetables: the chef knife and the santoku knife. For this study, an affordance tool was designed, manufactured and tested. This tool was designed to be placed on the knife to create an affordance for users to hold the knife in a pinch grip. This grip aligns the wrist and forearm and decreases fatigue and increases stability and control while cutting. The tool was tested with 16 participants to ensure it did not require more muscle activation, time, discomfort, or cause lower slice performance. Ultimately, the designed affordance tool provided an affordance without negatively effecting a cutting task compared to using a knife without the affordance tool.

scholarly journals Transport of intense beams with current-dependent initial conditions in linearly tapered solenoid channels

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-323
Author(s):  
J. R. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Space Charge ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Initial Correlation ◽  
Longitudinal Correlation ◽  
Channel Transport ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
A Current

AbstractIn electron beams where space charge plays an important role in the beam transport, the beams’ transverse and longitudinal properties will become coupled. One example of this is the transverse–longitudinal correlation produced in a current-modulated beam generated in a DC electron gun, formed through the competition between the time-dependent radial space charge force and the time-independent radial focusing force. This correlation will cause both the slice radius and divergence of the beam extracted from the gun to depend on the slice current. Here we consider the transport of such a beam in a linearly tapered solenoid focusing channel. Transport performance was generally improved with longer taper lengths, minimal initial correlation between slice divergence and slice current, and moderate degrees of initial correlation between initial slice radius and slice current. Performance was also generally improved with lower slice emittances, although surprisingly transport was improved by slightly increasing the assumed slice emittance in certain limited circumstances.

scholarly journals Potential Language and Attentional Networks Revealed through Factor Analysis of rCBF Data Measured with SPECT

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas McLaughlin ◽  
Bruce Steinberg ◽  
Birger Christensen ◽  
Ian Law ◽  
Agnete Parving ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Method Factor ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
Wernicke’S Area ◽  
The Brain

We used changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) to disclose regions involved in central auditory and language processing in the normal brain. rCBF was quantified with a fast-rotating, single-photon emission computerized tomograph (SPECT) and inhalation of 133Xe. rCBF data were obtained simultaneously from parallel, transverse slices of the brain. The lower slice was positioned to include both Broca's and Wernicke's areas. The upper slice included regions generally regarded by neurobehaviorists as less related to primary auditory or linguistic functions. We presented three types of auditory stimuli to ten healthy, young volunteers: (a) diotically presented Danish speech, (b) dichotic word stimulation, and (c) white noise. Wilcoxon's signed ranks sum test revealed increased rCBF in language-related areas of cortex, viz., Wernicke's area and its right-sided homologous area as well as in Broca's area (left hemisphere), when subjects listened to narrative speech, compared to white noise (baseline). No significant rCBF differences were detected with this test during dichotic stimulation vs. white noise. A more sophisticated statistical method (factor analysis) disclosed patterns of functionally intercorrelated regions. The factor analysis reduced the highly intercorrelated rCBF measures from 28 regions of interest to a set of three independent factors. These factors accounted for 77% of the total variation in rCBF values. These three factors appeared to represent statistical analogues of independent brain networks involved in (I) auditory/linguistic, (II) attentional, and (III) visual imaging activity.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultrasound Treatments on Tenderness and In Vitro Protein Digestibility of New Zealand Abalone, Haliotis iris

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Norma Cecille Bagarinao ◽  
Lovedeep Kaur ◽  
Mike Boland
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
In Vitro Protein Digestibility ◽  
Enzyme Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
Vitro Protein

Canned pāua, Haliotis iris, is a premium New Zealand product that is exported to Asia. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of ultrasound treatments on pāua texture, microstructure and in vitro protein digestibility. Whole pāua meat was ultrasound-treated (20 kHz, 464 ± 9 W) for 5 min in water (with or without subsequent soaking in water at 4 °C for 24 h) or ultrasound-treated in 1% actinidin enzyme solution. Post-treatment cooking of canned pāua was done in a water retort at 116 °C for 30 min. All ultrasound-treated cooked pāua yielded lower slice shear force values (SSFV) than untreated canned and cooked samples. The lowest SSFV was attained when ultrasound treatment in water was followed by soaking at 4 °C for 24 h. The increased tenderness of ultrasound-treated pāua could be linked to disintegration of myofibers and formation of gaps between myofibers, as observed through histological analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Collagenous fragmentation was also observed, particularly in pāua ultrasonicated in enzyme solution. Raw pāua was found to be more digestible in terms of free amino N released during in vitro digestion than all cooked samples. However, cooked ultrasound pre-treated pāua was more digestible than the control cooked sample.

Regional pulmonary transit times in humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MacNee ◽  
B. A. Martin ◽  
B. R. Wiggs ◽  
A. S. Belzberg ◽  
J. C. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Human Lungs ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Deconvolution Techniques

We measured the frequency distribution of erythrocyte (RBC) transit times in resected lobes of lungs in eight human subjects undergoing thoracotomy for peripheral lung tumors. RBC transit times were measured by the injection of radiolabeled blood flow and volume markers, which were counted in samples from the resected lung. In five of these subjects, the measurements from the resected lung were compared with preoperative measurements of the transit times of radiolabeled RBCs with a gamma camera-computer system. Time-activity curves from the cardiac chambers and the lung or its regions were obtained from which transit times were calculated by the centroid and deconvolution techniques. The reproducibility of transit times measured by this technique was assessed in another eight normal subjects, after sequential bolus injections of radiolabeled cells. The mean transit time of the upper lung region was longer (5.1 +/- 0.5 s) than that of the lower (4.1 +/- 0.6 s, P less than 0.05) in the preoperative study. Similarly, the mean transit time of the upper lung slice was longer (5.5 +/- 0.3 s) than that of the lower slice (3.8 +/- 0.3 s, P less than 0.05) in the resected lung specimens. We conclude that there was good agreement between these techniques and that there are long transit times in the upper regions of human lungs.

Study on Top Slice Irregular Destroyed Areas of Spatial Exploration Location and Mining Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 849-853
Author(s):  
Xiao Biao Zhang ◽  
Hai Tao Li ◽  
Ke Xue Zhang ◽  
Hua Bo Liu ◽  
Zhong Sheng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Mining Method ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
Spatial Exploration ◽  
Slice Mining

Slice mining, when mining lower slice need to consider on the effect of current face from top slice, especially when on top slice mining space irregular, it will make mining more difficult. Hair is drainage of these characteristics the lao keng kou mine by Geophysical means, take advantage of the characteristics of the water content in the mined-out area and media mutation specific master distribution of the residual top delamination, geophysical no damage proved an effective means of underground space structure and highly targeted research stoping methods, based on the conclusions formulated to ensure the safety and production measures in place to provide the necessary reference.

Geology and U–Pb geochronology of the Kipawa Syenite Complex — a thrust related alkaline pluton — and adjacent rocks in the Grenville Province of western Quebec

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
O van Breemen ◽  
K L Currie
Keyword(s):  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Granite Gneiss ◽  
Alkali Granite ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Quartz Syenite ◽  
Alkaline Pluton ◽  
Grenville Province ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Granite Emplacement ◽  
Lower Slice

The Kipawa Syenite Complex, a thin, folded sheet of amphibole syenite, quartz syenite and minor nepheline syenite, lies along a west-vergent thrust separating a lower slice comprising the Kikwissi granodiorite and biotite tonalite dated at 2717 +15–11 Ma, and unconformably overlying metasedimentary rocks from an overlying slice containing the Red Pine Chute orthogneiss, an alkali granite gneiss, and the Mattawa Quartzite. The syenite complex, dated at 1033 ± 3 Ma, lies within the lower slice but has metasomatically altered the overlying slice. Texturally guided U–Pb spot analyses on partially metasomatised zircons from the alkali granite gneiss yield a cluster of 207Pb/206Pb ages at 1389 ± 8 Ma, interpreted as the time of igneous crystallization and four ages overlapping the time of syenite emplacement, interpreted as in situ, metasomatic growth. The highest structural slice comprises garnet amphibolite separated from lower slices by the Allochthon Boundary Thrust. Metamorphic grade increases upward from greenschist grade in the biotite tonalite to amphibolite grade (690 °C, 9 kbar (1 kbar = 100 MPa)) at the lower boundary of the alkali granite. Emplacement of the Kipawa Syenite Complex took place after assembly of the thrust stack had begun and after emplacement of the allochthon or hot slab responsible for the inverted metamorphic gradient. Origin of the syenite is tentatively ascribed to anatexis of material metasomatized by flow of alkaline solutions along a major shear surface. Crystallization of new zircon in the margins of the syenite shows that metasomatism continued from ca. 1035 to 990 Ma, redistributing alkalies, fluorine, rare-earth elements and zirconium.

scholarly journals A continuous conversion technology from top coal caving into multi-slice mining for thick bifurcated coal seams

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejie Deng ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Jianye Feng ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Benjamin de Wit
Keyword(s):  
Stable Phase ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Technology ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Immediate Roof ◽  
Lower Slice ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Slice Mining ◽  
Conversion Technology

Abstract This paper presents a mining technology that enables the continuous conversion from top coal caving (TCC) to multi-slice mining (MSM). The technology helps operations overcome challenges with mining thick bifurcated coal seams, particularly the challenge of rock-parting seams affecting the caving of TCC mining methods. Findings show that the relationship between the rock-parting thickness and the caveability of top coal can be divided into 3 phases, including a complete caving phase, a transition phase, and a stable phase. This continuous conversion technology was applied in the Zhongwei Coal Mine in which TCC was used to extract the initial 260 m of the study area where the rock-parting seam was relatively thin before a transition to MSM was made due to the rock-parting seam becoming significantly thicker. The continuous conversion to MSM involved the working face advancing upward at an angle of 10 degrees until the rock-parting seam could serve as the immediate floor for the upper slice of the coal seam. The rock-parting seam floor also acted as the immediate roof for the working face of the subsequently mined lower slice. The application of this continuous conversion mining technology obtained good application results.

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