Optimising the Common Path Interferometer: A Theoretical Framework

2000 ◽  
pp. 543-550
Author(s):  
Jesper Glückstad ◽  
Paul C. Mogensen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Common Path ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Is There a Place for Theoretical Frameworks in Qualitative Research?

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692098795
Author(s):  
Casey M. Garvey ◽  
Rachel Jones
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Common Sense Model ◽  
Rich Description ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

Qualitative research proceeds from the position that there is no one observable reality. Researchers utilizing qualitative methods build findings inductively, from raw data to a conceptual understanding. Theoretical frameworks may be utilized to guide qualitative analyses by suggesting concepts and relationships to explore. The framework may provide a sense of the story emerging from the analyses. And concurrently, the rich description provided by the analyses may allow the framework to be more deeply appreciated. However, there is a risk that using a theoretical framework may stifle inductive reasoning or result in findings incongruent to the data. The following is a discussion of the application of a theoretical framework in a qualitative study. This study, guided by the Common-Sense Model, explores the choice to undergo treatment for Hepatitis C Virus among veterans. Examples from the analyses are provided to facilitate discussion on the utilization of a theoretical framework. Techniques to optimize the use of a theoretical framework, as well as mitigate risks of such use, are presented. When utilized alongside rigorous data analyses and introspection, a theoretical framework may serve as a valuable tool to navigate data in qualitative research.

scholarly journals The AIV strategy of the common path of Son Of X-Shooter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Biondi ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Radhakrishnan Santhakumari ◽  
Riccardo Claudi ◽  
Matteo Aliverti ◽  
Luca Marafatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Path ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals How Interdependence Explains the World of Teamwork

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-146
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey M. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Common Factor ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Moving Parts

AbstractCurrent attempts to understand human-machine systems are complex and unwieldy. Multiple disciplines throw different concepts and constructs at the problem, but there is no agreed-to framework to assemble these interrelated moving parts into a coherent system. We propose interdependence as the common factor that unifies and explains these moving parts and undergirds the different terms people use to talk about them. In this chapter, we will describe a sound and practical theoretical framework based on interdependence that enables researchers to predict and explain experimental results in terms of interlocking relationships among well-defined operational principles. Our exposition is not intended to be exhaustive, but instead aims to describe the basic principles in a way that allows the gist to be grasped by a broad cross-disciplinary audience through simple illustrations.

scholarly journals Magis rythmus quam metron

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Lieven Danckaert
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Metrical Structure ◽  
Greek Comedy ◽  
The Common

In this contribution I analyze the metrical structure of Seneca's anapaests.After a brief introduction, I first develop a theoretical framework, with specialattention to the boundaries of metrical periods. In the next sections, Ichallenge the common practice of subdividing long anapaestic passages intosocalled anapaestic dimeters. I propose a new analysis in which such a subdivisionis not made, yielding a structure that formally resembles the πνιγη ofclassical Greek comedy.

Introduction

Last Acts ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Maggie Vinter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Early Modern Drama ◽  
Modern Drama ◽  
Ars Moriendi ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
The Common ◽  
Critical Perspectives

The introduction outlines a theoretical framework for the book. Through a brief survey of critical approaches to Hamlet, it considers the common alignment of early modern drama with mourning and argues that new critical perspectives emerge if we focus on the experience of the dying subject instead. William Perkins’s 1595 tract, A Salve for a Sick Man, illustrates how death was understood around Shakespeare’s time. By situating Perkins’s text in relation to ancient Stoicism and twentieth-century phenomenology, the introduction explicates what is distinctive about the understanding of dying found in the ars moriendi tradition and argues for the theoretical sophistication and continuing influence of the genre.

Miniaturization of an interferometric distance sensor employing diffractive optics

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nektarios Koukourakis ◽  
Robert Kuschmierz ◽  
Michael Bohling ◽  
Jürgen Jahns ◽  
Andreas Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Systematic Measurement ◽  
Position Measurement ◽  
Common Path ◽  
The Common ◽  
Path Detection

AbstractIn order to improve safety, lifetime and energy efficiency of turbo machines, the behavior of the turbine blades has to be monitored during operation. This is a great challenge for metrology, since small, robust and non-contact position measurement techniques are required that offer both micrometer accuracy and microsecond temporal resolution. The Laser-Doppler-Distance (LDD) -Sensor proved to be an adequate technique to perform such measurements. However, the usage in turbo machines requires a miniaturized and temperature-stable sensor-head. In this paper we introduce a miniaturized design of the LDD-sensor that is based on common-path detection. First results indicated that the numerical aperture of the common-path detection is small in comparison to former implementations that used separate paths for illumination and detection. We find that decreasing the numerical aperture strongly increases the systematic measurement uncertainty. For this purpose a novel diffractive optical element containing a diffracting-lens was designed and used to increase the numerical aperture of the common-path detection without affecting the sensor size. Experiments prove that the new element reduces the relative systematic measurement uncertainty by a factor of ten. The mean systematic position measurement uncertainty amounts to Δ

Building Bridges with Accessible Care: Disability Studies, Feminist Care Scholarship, and Beyond

Hypatia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Care Research ◽  
Formal Support ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Political Ethic ◽  
The Common

This article uses elements of autoethnography to theorize an in/formal support relationship between a friend with a physical disability, who uses attendant services, and me. Through thinking about our particular “frien‐tendant” relationship, I find the common scholarly orientations toward “care” are inadequate. Starting from the conversations between feminist and disability perspectives on care, I build on previous work to further develop the theoretical framework ofaccessible care. Accessible care takes a critical, engaged approach that moves beyond understanding “accessibility” as merely concrete solutions to create more inclusive forms of care. Care, in this context, is positioned as an unstable tension among competing definitions, including that it is a complex form of oppression. Accessible care draws on feminist disability perspectives and the feminist political ethic of care to build bridges in four areas: from daily experiences of disability and support to theoretical discussions; across feminist care research and disability perspectives; across divisions and anxieties within disability communities; and from the local to transnational applications. These bridges do not aim to resolve debates but allow us to travel back and forth between differing perspectives and demonstrate the tenuous possibility of accessible practices and concepts of care.

scholarly journals A Priori Approach Of Real-Time Ridesharing Problem With Intermediate Meeting Locations

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Aissat ◽  
Ammar Oulamara
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Cost Rate ◽  
Common Path ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Empirical Performance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Starting Location

Abstract Ridesharing is a mobility concept in which a trip is shared by a vehicle’s driver and one or more passengers called riders. Ridesharing is considered as a more environmentally friendly alternative to single driver commutes in pollution-creating vehicles on overcrowded streets. In this paper, we present the core of a new strategy of the ridesharing system, making it more flexible and competitive than the recurring system. More precisely, we allow the driver and the rider to meet each other at an intermediate starting location and to separate at another intermediate ending location not necessarily their origins and destinations, respectively. This allows to reduce both the driver’s detour and the total travel cost. The term “A priori approach” means that the driver sets the sharing cost rate on the common path with rider in advance. An exact and heuristic approaches to identify meeting locations, while minimizing the total travel cost of both driver and rider are proposed. Finally, we analyze their empirical performance on a set of real road networks consisting of up to 3,5 million nodes and 8,7 million edges. Our experimental results show that our heuristics provide efficient performances within short CPU times and improves the recurring ridesharing approach in terms of cost-savings.

scholarly journals Vida e morte em Fechner e Freud

2021 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ SANTANA MATTOS
Keyword(s):  
General Principle ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Common Point ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Pleasure Principle ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
General Conception ◽  
The Common

 As concepções de vida e morte de Freud e de Fechner se entrelaçam no momento em que o primeiro, em Além do princípio do prazer (1920), aclimata ao seu arcabouço teórico o princípio fechneriano da tendência à estabilidade, tomado a partir de então como um princípio mais geral ao qual se subordina o princípio da constância (ou princípio do Nirvana). O princípio de Fechner, contudo, é destacado por Freud de uma obra publicada em 1873, onde seu autor o formula como um princípio físico que se insere em uma concepção geral sobre a vida — sobre a sua origem e o seu desenvolvimento, mas também o seu ocaso —, concepção que difere sobremaneira da visão científica usual, à qual Freud se filia. No entanto, a visão sobre a vida e a morte dos dois autores conflui a partir do ponto em comum representado pelo princípio da tendência à estabilidade, que, em Fechner, leva os organismos progressivamente ao estado inorgânico e, em Freud, parece poder ser entendido como o fundamento da pulsão de morte, que naturalmente se esforça por alcançar este mesmo fim.Palavras-Chave: Freud. Fechner. Vida. Morte. Life and death in Fechner and FreudABSTRACTFreud's and Fechner's conceptions of life and death are intertwined when the former, in Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920), acclimatizes to his theoretical framework the Fechnerian principle of the tendency to stability, taken from then on as a more general principle to which the constancy principle (or Nirvana principle) is subordinated. Fechner's principle, however, is highlighted by Freud from a work published in 1873, where its author formulates it as a physical principle that fits into a general conception of life — about its origin and its development, but also the its sunset — a conception that differs greatly from the usual scientific view, to which Freud adheres. However, the vision of life and death of the two authors converges from the common point represented by the principle of the tendency to stability, which, in Fechner, leads organisms progressively to an inorganic state and, in Freud, seems to be understood as the foundation of the death drive, which naturally strives to achieve this very end.Keywords: Freud. Fechner. Life. Death.

scholarly journals Prospective Representations in Rat Orbitofrontal Ensembles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfeng Zhou ◽  
Wenhui Zong ◽  
Chunying Jia ◽  
Matthew P.H. Gardner ◽  
Geoffrey Schoenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Neural Encoding ◽  
Reward Contingency ◽  
Common Path ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Future Outcomes

AbstractThe orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been proposed to encode expected outcomes, which is thought to be important for outcome-directed behavior. However, such neural encoding can also often be explained by the recall of information about the recent past. To dissociate the retrospective and prospective aspects of encoding in the OFC, we designed a non-spatial, continuous, alternating odor-sequence task that mimicked a continuous T-maze. The task consisted of two alternating sequences of four odor-guided trials (2 sequences × 4 positions). In each trial, rats were asked to make a “go” or “no-go” action based on a fixed odor-reward contingency. Odors at both the first and last positions were distinct across the two sequences, such that they resembled unique paths in the past and future, respectively; odors at positions in between were the same and thus resembled a common path. We trained classifiers using neural activity to distinguish between either sequences or positions and asked whether the neural activity patterns in the common path were more like the ones in the past or the future. We found a proximal prospective code for sequence information as well as a distal prospective code for positional information, the latter of which was closely associated with rats’ ability to predict future outcomes. This study demonstrates a prospective behaviorally-relevant predictive code in rat OFC.

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