Mental Illness, Disability and Social Conditions among Old People in Mannheim

1986 ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Old People

A syndemics approach to exercise is medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 136345932110214
Author(s):  
Caitlin Vitosky Clarke ◽  
Brynn C Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
The Social ◽  
Exercise Promotion ◽  
The Impact

This paper offers new insights into the promotion of the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) framework for mental illness and chronic disease. Utilising the Syndemics Framework, which posits mental health conditions as corollaries of social conditions, we argue that medicalized exercise promotion paradigms both ignore the social conditions that can contribute to mental illness and can contribute to mental illness via discrimination and worsening self-concept based on disability. We first address the ways in which the current EIM framework may be too narrow in scope in considering the impact of social factors as determinants of health. We then consider how this narrow scope in combination with the emphasis on independence and individual prescriptions may serve to reinforce stigma and shame associated with both chronic disease and mental illness. We draw on examples from two distinct research projects, one on exercise interventions for depression and one on exercise interventions for multiple sclerosis (MS), in order to consider ways to improve the approach to exercise promotion for these and other, related populations.

The Twentieth Maudsley Lecture: Intelligence as a Social Problem

1947 ◽  
Vol 93 (390) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Social Pathology ◽  
Human Conduct ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

In 1895, as many people here are likely to know, Henry Maudsley combined two of his earlier books into his famous Pathology of Mind. Very near the beginning of this volume, he laid unusual emphasis upon the paramount importance of a study of social conditions in relation to human conduct in general and the varied forms of mental illness in particular. “The study of the individual as an element of social pathology,” he declared, “will plainly be a long, laborious, and difficult business of the future.” He was right. Fifty years have gone and, in spite of many notable contributions, it is a study still in its infancy.

Effects of Persuasion and Autotelic Inquiry Methods on Attitude Change

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 943-949
Author(s):  
Celeste A. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Old People ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Inquiry Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Opinions About Mental Illness

Attitude change of nursing students following two group-therapy treatments, involving persuasive communication ( n = 6) and autotelic inquiry ( n = 7), was measured by the Attitude Toward Old People and Opinions About Mental Illness scales. Rotter's Locus of Control scale was used to measure internal vs external orientation. A significant difference from controls ( n = 14) for Interpersonal Etiology on the Opinions About Mental Illness scale was found for the Autotelic Inquiry group ( n = 7) which provided role-induced simulations, but no difference was found for Attitudes Toward Old People or Locus of Control.

scholarly journals Community attitudes towards mental illness and socio-demographic characteristics: an Italian study

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Buizza ◽  
Rosaria Pioli ◽  
Marco Ponteri ◽  
Michela Vittorielli ◽  
Angela Corradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Old People ◽  
Behavioural Intentions ◽  
Community Attitudes

SUMMARYAim — To assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics and community attitudes towards mentally ill people. Method — We assessed a sample of 280 subjects, stratified for sex and age, which has identified using the electoral registers of Brescia. A letter was sent to everyone in order to introduce the future potential study participant to the topics of the public attitudes towards mental illness and it included an invitation to take part in the study. After, 280 subjects were contacted by telephone. Finally, 174 persons, who expressed their willingness to collaborate, were visited by a team of four trained interviewers. The instruments used were: a semi-structured interview; the Community Attitudes to the Mentally III (CAMI) inven-tory, which is composed by 40 statements, concerning the degree of acceptance of mental health services and mentally ill patients in the community; and the Fear and Behavioural Intentions (FABI) inventory, which is composed by 10 items, concerning fears and behavioural intentions towards mentally ill people. 106 subjects refused to participate. Results — Factor analysis of the CAMI revealed three components Physical distance and fear, Social isolation and Social responsibility and tolerance. Factor 1 is associated with: people >61 years old; people being divorced/widowed/living separated; people who haven't participated in social or volunteer activities. Factor 2 is associated with: people > 41 years old; people being schooled at a level that's higher than elementary level; unemployed people. Factor 3 doesn't present any associations. Conclusions — The results of this study outline the need to: a) promote interventions focused to improve the general attitude towards people with mental illness; b) to favour specific actions in order to prevent or eliminate prejudices in subgroups of the population.Declaration of Interest: in the last two years the authors have been paid by the IRCCS Centra San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli in Brescia (Italy), as employees and free professionals.

Attitudes toward the Elderly and toward the Mentally Ill

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Drevenstedt ◽  
George Banziger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Hygiene ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Old People ◽  
Opinions About Mental Illness

In an attempt to explore similar underlying components of attitude toward the elderly and the mentally ill, college undergraduates (183 males, 146 females) were administered Kogan's Attitudes toward Old People Scale, Cohen and Struening's Opinions about Mental Illness Scale, and an experimental scale measuring endorsement of deteriorative aspects of mental illness. A stepwise multiple-regression analysis indicated that the Authoritarianism factor, relative to the other factors and the deterioration scale, accounted for the overwhelmingly greater proportion of variance in Old People scores. Analyses of covariance showed that females scored higher on the Old People Scale and Mental Hygiene Ideology factor and lower on Authoritarianism.

Fool’s Gold: Psychologists Using Disingenuous Reasoning to Mislead Legislatures into Granting Psychologists Prescriptive Authority

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-524
Author(s):  
Brent Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
American Psychological ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Prescriptive Authority

Mental illness is a serious problem in the United States. Based on “current epidemiological estimates, at least one in five people has a diagnosable mental disorder during the course of a year.” Fortunately, many of these disorders respond positively to psychotropic medications. While psychiatrists write some of the prescriptions for psychotropic medications, primary care physicians write more of them. State legislatures, seeking to expand patient access to pharmacological treatment, granted physician assistants and nurse practitioners prescriptive authority for psychotropic medications. Over the past decade other groups have gained some form of prescriptive authority. Currently, psychologists comprise the primary group seeking prescriptive authority for psychotropic medications.The American Society for the Advancement of Pharmacotherapy (“ASAP”), a division of the American Psychological Association (“APA”), spearheads the drive for psychologists to gain prescriptive authority. The American Psychological Association offers five main reasons why legislatures should grant psychologists this privilege: 1) psychologists’ education and clinical training better qualify them to diagnose and treat mental illness in comparison with primary care physicians; 2) the Department of Defense Psychopharmacology Demonstration Project (“PDP”) demonstrated non-physician psychologists can prescribe psychotropic medications safely; 3) the recommended post-doctoral training requirements adequately prepare psychologists to prescribe safely psychotropic medications; 4) this privilege will increase availability of mental healthcare services, especially in rural areas; and 5) this privilege will result in an overall reduction in medical expenses, because patients will visit only one healthcare provider instead of two–one for psychotherapy and one for medication.

A Tribute to the Late William J. Curran

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
O. Lawrence ◽  
J.D. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Legal Medicine ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
International Institute ◽  
University Professor

In the summer of 1979, a group of experts on law, medicine, and ethics assembled in Siracusa, Sicily, under the auspices of the International Commission of Jurists and the International Institute of Higher Studies in Criminal Science, to draft guidelines on the rights of persons with mental illness. Sitting across the table from me was a quiet, proud man of distinctive intelligence, William J. Curran, Frances Glessner Lee Professor of Legal Medicine at Harvard University. Professor Curran was one of the principal drafters of those guidelines. Many years later in 1991, after several subsequent re-drafts by United Nations (U.N.) Rapporteur Erica-Irene Daes, the text was adopted by the U.N. General Assembly as the Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care. This was the kind of remarkable achievement in the field of law and medicine that Professor Curran repeated throughout his distinguished career.

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