scholarly journals Financial Autonomy of Local Governments: Case Studies of Finland and Poland

2007 ◽  
pp. 251-267
Author(s):  
Lasse Oulasvirta ◽  
Maciej Turala
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Autonomy

Why does Organizational Performance Fluctuate in Agricultural Industrialization Consortia: A Study Based on Dual Paradox in Development and Institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-941
Author(s):  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Qizhi Wu ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiangbing Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Industrialization ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Key Policy

Agricultural industrialization consortium is a key policy tool to promote agricultural development for local governments in China. However, a stylized fact is that various consortia showed promising organizational performance at start, but then the performance deteriorated at later stages. The driving force behind is the dual paradox inherent in development and institution. The consortium is overly development oriented; yet as an institution it cannot adapt to the strong development impulses. Case studies show that the dual paradox inevitably led to the decline in organizational performance.

scholarly journals Constitutional Democracy and Caretaker Committee in Nigeria Local Government System: An Assessment

2013 ◽  
pp. 110-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude C Okafor ◽  
Ikechukwu H Orjinta
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
Constitutional Democracy ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Nigerian Literature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Subsequent Replacement

The 1976 Local Government Reform among other landmark changes unified the local government system in Nigeria, and the 1979 constitution made local governments the third tier of government and provided for a system of local government by democratically elected councils. More recently, elected local government councils have been dissolved and replaced with Transition Committees or Caretaker Committees appointed by the Governors’ of their respective states. This paper therefore, examines the impact of the caretaker committees in Nigerian Local Government on the practice of constitutional democracy. The discussion is framed by the theoretical perspectives and Nigerian literature on local government and constitutional democracy, and by the recent phenomenal wave of dissolving elected local government councils and subsequent replacement with caretaker committees. Contrary to popular belief, that local government as the third tier of government has failed to achieve the objective for which it was created, this paper observes that party politics has been the bane of Nigerian local government since its inception, and that democratically elected local councils with political and financial autonomy are the major conditions for an effective and efficient multi-purpose local government system in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Marine Plastic Pollution in Asia: All Hands on Deck!

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Garcia ◽  
Mandy Meng Fang ◽  
Jolene Lin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract Marine plastics pollution (MPP) is an alarming problem affecting many countries, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, and generated mostly from land-based sources. Five Asian countries (i.e. China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Sri Lanka) have been identified as the largest sources of MPP globally. This article presents two cases studies focused on the two largest polluters: China and Indonesia. Both countries face similar challenges in dealing with plastic pollution. They have weak legal and institutional frameworks in place to deal with MPP. The two case studies also show that there have been more creative and effective measures taken at the domestic level by local governments and non-state actors, many of which involve partnerships among different stakeholders. This article argues that governance efforts to address MPP require an ‘all hands-on deck’ approach, involving multi-level and multi-actor strategies and targeted regulatory and non-regulatory measures. However, our findings also suggest that most efforts should be directed at the subnational level, from which the problem mainly originates. This article proposes a number of legal and policy recommendations, based on the lessons learned from the case studies, which can be instrumental in reducing the global MPP crisis.

Mainstreaming DRM into subnational development policies in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-827
Author(s):  
Valeria Maurizi ◽  
Adelfo Santis de la Torre ◽  
Luis Mauricio Escalante Solís ◽  
Ana Luisa Quezadas Barahona ◽  
Gontrán Villalobos Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Public Policy Instruments

PurposeThe present study proposes the analysis of DRM strategies that had been implemented into subnational development plans and public policy instruments in the States of Chiapas and Tabasco, located in Southeast Mexico. It describes the methodological phases for the implementation of those strategies and the participatory process, with a multi-level approach, carried out with multiple stakeholders and UNDP advisory.Design/methodology/approachFor this research, two case studies were developed to highlight the factors which make successful DRM in development plans and policies. It included the compilation and review of documents generated by UNDP-PMR program on the mainstreaming process in the past four years, interviews with key actors in the states of Chiapas and Tabasco, such as governmental officers, national and international ONG's, UN agencies and rural communities' leaders.FindingsThe review of these case studies demonstrate that for developing countries like Mexico, the process to strengthening institutions setting, needs being present in the field and creating alliances and synergies to generate advocacy processes from a capacity development approach. Having not only an output approach in projects but also mainly an impact strategy, both at the local and the sectoral levels, along with a mid-term timeline and budget, are some of the hallmarks of UNDP-PMR program work.Originality/valueThis study showed two original experiences of mainstreaming DRM into subnational development policies in high risk contexts. These experiences had the participation of multiple stakeholders from local governments and communities. Nowadays, these two experiences are being implemented in the territories despite political administration changes in the last years.

Challenges of the Implementation of the European Charter of Local Self-Government in Romania’s Legislation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Cristian Ticlau ◽  
Bogdan Andrei Moldovan ◽  
Cristina Maria Hintea
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
East European ◽  
Significant Power ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
Current Article ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
European Family ◽  
The Eu

The European Charter on Local Self-government is a defining document for local governments across the EU and was a guideline for developing a framework of local governance based on local autonomy, decentralization that is close to the citizens. It was especially important for Central and East European Countries as they faced the challenges of a total overhaul of their administrative systems after the fall of the communist regimes. Romania fits into this picture as a late comer to the European family, with an administrative system that transitioned slowly from a hyper centralized arrangement to one that offers significant power to local governments. After 20 years since the ratification of the Charter, local government in Romania displays mixed elements, between progressive (protection of local authorities) and conservative (consultation of authorities, financial autonomy) in relation to the charter recommendations. The current article is an analysis on the state of affairs concerning local governance in Romania using the Charter as the main theoretical framework.

scholarly journals Involvement of cities with county rights in financing tasks pertaining to physical culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4 (48)) ◽  
pp. 1261-1279
Author(s):  
Maja KRASUCKA
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Spatial Difference ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
The Mean

 Units of local governments in Poland are responsible for running actions in the sphere of physical culture. The growing number of people practicing sports, as well as social and rearing aspects related to sports exert an influence on the activity of sports clubs and social organizations which promote physical culture. While only some sports organizations are self-sufficient economically, most of them must rely on public support. In Poland, like in the majority of European countries, one of the main sources of financing are public grants. Cities with county rights (CCRs), being a specific type of commune, undertake tasks of both communes and counties. In the sphere of tasks pertaining to physical culture this can manifest itself by higher budgetary expenses in general, including grants. Local tasks connected with sport are stiffly defined by central regulations only to an insignificant extent. Therefore it is accepted that local governments possess considerable autonomy as regards deciding about allocation of the means assigned for their realization. This concerns also the grant-based expenses. Thus, the aim of the article is to examine whether the scale of expenses borne on physical culture, including local government grants, is dependent on the size of CCRs and on the level of their financial autonomy. In this paper, the author presents differences in expenses from budgets of CCRs on tasks pertaining to physical culture (Section 926 of the budgetary classification), with particular taking account of grants which constitute them. The basic tools of descriptive statistics and study of interdependences were used. A very large spatial difference in the examined variables, both in the regional framework and within the types of communes, was found. The mean interdependence was identified between grant-based expenses and the level of financial autonomy of the cities with county rights.

scholarly journals Study on the Waste Information and Statistics Management for Efficient Disposal of Flood Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Eun-han Lee ◽  
Waon-ho Yi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Systematic Planning ◽  
Statistical Surveys

The purpose of this study is to extract the current problems of flood damage treatment, which relates towaste from wind and water, and to present waste information and statistical management methods for efficient flood damage treatment through domestic and foreign case studies. Responses to flooding have been found to be inefficient due to systematic and comprehensive statistical data on floods, the absence of basic plans, and a lack of collaboration between waste disposal agencies and local governments. In order to efficiently dispose of flood waste, a system such as providing financial incentives to local governments, is necessary. For systematic planning, a quantitative method of calculating a certain amount of occurrence should be applied. In addition, in order to monitor the implementation of the basic plan, it is thought that systematic and rational statistical surveys need to be continuously conducted.

scholarly journals Financial Autonomy as an Aid to Rural Development: A Study of Isoko North Local Government Area of Delta State

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Egware O.N. ◽  
Akporien O.F. ◽  
Otuya S.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
Effective Administration

Lack of financial autonomy and undue interference by state governments have been identified as some of the impediments to effective administration of local governments in Nigeria. To this end, this study was carried out to examine the effect of financial autonomy on rural development using Isoko North Local Government Area as a case study. The study adopted a survey research design; hence, data were collected through the use of questionnaires administered to the management and staff of selected departments in Isoko North Local Government Council. The findings of the study indicate that financial autonomy will contribute positively to rural development and service delivery in the area of study, and recommends that local governments should be made financially autonomous to promote rural development and enhance better service delivery.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Analysis of Swedish Local Governments on Facebook

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
André Baltz
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Facebook Usage ◽  
Facebook Pages ◽  
The Web

AbstractFacebook has become an essential channel for local governments to convey information and interact with citizens, and communication on the platform has been studied intensively through a range of smaller case studies in various countries. By looking at the development of Swedish municipalities’ Facebook usage between 2009 and 2017, this article attempts to frame such use in a longitudinal perspective. Based on more than 85,000 posts from 38 Swedish local governments, the findings show that most municipalities have adapted to an online visual culture, using photos and videos “to go viral”. The findings also show large increases in interactions, such as sharing and liking, whilst commenting appears to lag behind. It also shows that local government Facebook pages retain a strong, yet decreasing, tie with government web pages, visible through a tendency of the Facebook page to recycle information from the web page.

scholarly journals Políticas municipales de género en catalunya y la Lombardía: estudio del cambio institucional y organizativo realizado para facilitar su implementación

2008 ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Mònica Gelambí Torrell
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Institutional Changes

<p>El  artículo  analiza  las  coincidencias  y  divergencias existentes  en  los  cambios institucionales que los ayuntamientos catalanes y lombardos han realizado para facilitar la introducción de la perspectiva de género. Para estudiar estos cambios se han analizado tres ámbitos: el proceso político, los mecanismos políticos y los actores que intervienen en el diseño de las políticas. Los resultados se han obtenido del estudio en profundidad de seis ayuntamientos de cada territorio que ya están realizando políticas de género. Las conclusiones obtenidas constatan la presencia de cambios y demuestran cómo las estrategias seguidas son distintas en ambos casos, aunque se comparta la filosofía existente detrás de las políticas de género.</p><p>This  article  analyses  the  institutional  changes  to  assess  the  progress  of  gender</p><p>mainstreaming in Catalonia and Lombardia. The research centred on case studies of how gender in being integrated into policy in the following three aspects: the policy process, political tools and actors involved in public policy. The comparative analysis of gender equality policies in six Catalan and Italian cities indicated that the development of gender mainstreaming makes changes in the local governments These changes are different in the two regions but they used the same concept of gender mainstreaming.<br /><br /></p>

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