Effects of Climatic Conditions on Energy Metabolism and Performance of Calves

1987 ◽  
pp. 180-198
Author(s):  
M. Vermorel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals CEREBRAL ENERGY METABOLISM IN YOUNG PEOPLE DURING ADAPTATION TO THE CONDITIONS OF THE ARCTIC REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
N Anikina ◽  
A Gribanov ◽  
I Kozhevnikova ◽  
M Pankov ◽  
S Bagretsov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Young People ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽  
The Arctic Region

Aim. The article deals with determining the features of cerebral energy metabolism in young people at different stages of adaptation in the Arctic region. Materials and methods. The level of permanent brain direct current potentials (DCP) was measured in 146 young people: 93 born and permanently living in the Arctic region and 53 migrants living in new climatic conditions for the first months. The study was conducted by using a “Neuro-KM” 12-channel hardware-software complex for the topographic mapping of brain electrical activity. DCP were recorded in the unipolar leads according to the 10-20 international system. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out with the software package SPSS-20 for Windows. Results. In young people permanently living in the Arctic region, we revealed functional asymmetry of the brain with right-hemisphere dominance in almost all leads. In migrants living in the climatic conditions of the Arctic region for the first months, we established high values of energy consumption and partial asymmetry of cerebral energy metabolism. Conclusion. Body functioning in the usual habitat is characterized by a stereotypical set of regulatory mechanisms. During adaptation, new ways of responding to changes in the environment are formed. The dominance of the right or left hemisphere occurs depending on the type of tasks. The analysis of interhemispheric asymmetry of energy consumption performed by using the method of brain mapping allows assessing the degree of dominance. The dominance of energy consumption in the left hemisphere may indicate a possible failure of adaptation mechanisms. Positive interhemispheric gradients indicate the correct performance of CNS regulatory mechanisms during adaptation to new environmental conditions

scholarly journals Germination and performance of seven native wildflowers in the Mediterranean landscape plantings

2017 ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Scarici ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Maria Elena Provenzano ◽  
Francesco Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic

The use of native species in landscape design is a choice related to environmental sustainability and it contributes to the aesthetic appeal of urban and marginal areas. However, to date, the lack of knowledge of the ecological characteristics and agronomic practices of these species, represents a limit for their use. This study aims to obtain information about germination ecology, morphological traits and ornamental value of 7 selected perennial native taxa, with potential use in meadows seed mixtures for the Mediterranean environment. Seed germination for each taxon was assessed under different conditions (temperature, photoperiod and pre-treatment) in a controlled environment, while data on plant performances was collected from field plots. In general, the dormant seeds showed a positive response to pre-treatment with gibberellic acid (GA3) and chilling within a period of about six months from the time of seed collection. The dependence of germination on light and temperature was observed in most of the tested taxa. Differences in plant height and flowering dynamics gave practical directions in terms of combining seeds of different species to create and maintain a wildflower meadow in low-maintenance areas. Crepis bursifolia L. and Hypochaeris radicata L. were the only two species, which showed good persistence during the two-year field study and met the aesthetic requirements of low-input Mediterranean landscaping. Our study by adding original findings to the limited knowledge available on wildflower sowing in the Mediterranean environment, contributes to the development of sustainable strategies in the greening projects designed for those peculiar climatic conditions.

Comparison between forecasts of reference evapotranspiration and ETo values calculated using data from different climatic conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaieth Ben Hamouda ◽  
Francesca Ventura ◽  
Daniele Zaccaria ◽  
Khaled M. Bali ◽  
Richard L. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Plant Canopies ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data

<p>Evapotranspiration is the transfer of water from the earth's surface to the atmosphere. It comprises the sum of water losses to atmosphere due to the processes of evaporation of moisture from soil, water bodies and wet plant canopies, and the transpiration of water from plants. Forecasts of this crucial component of the hydrologic cycle can be very valuable for growers, farm managers, irrigation practitioners, water resource planners and managers, and reservoir operators for their planning, allocation, delivery and scheduling decisions, as well as to hydrologic scientists for research purposes. Verifying the reliability of models’ forecasts is among the critical tasks for development and performance evaluation of physical models. In fact, the verification allows understanding the models’ behavior, and evaluating their applicability and dependability. The US National Weather Service (NWS) has released a product that provides forecasts of reference evapotranspiration (FRET) at 2.5-km grid resolution for the entire continental US. In this study, a comparison is made between ETo estimates from FRET and ETo values calculated by the California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS) for 68 days during summer 2019. Both the FRET forecasts and ETo values were obtained from NWS and CIMIS, respectively, on the basis of 15 CIMIS locations that are representative of different climatic conditions in California. In addition, air temperature, dew point temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) data were also collected/calculated from the NWS and CIMIS websites to analyze the sensitivity of FRET forecasts to predictions of these parameters. All FRET forecasts were performed with timescales of 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. Statistical indices were calculated to assess the dependability of FRET values. They showed a good correlation of the FRET model outputs with CIMIS ETo data, with some differences depending on the climatic characteristics of selected weather stations’ locations, suggesting that FRET data could be valuable for anticipating near-future water demand and improve irrigation management in California.</p>

Performance Evaluation of Concentrating Solar Cooker Under Indian Climatic Conditions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Shukla ◽  
S. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Indian Climatic ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Experimental Values

The work presented in this paper essentially consists of modeling and analysis of energy and exergy efficiency of a community solar cooker, installed at Holistic Health and Food Centre, I.I.T. Delhi India in March 1998. The cooker is meant for community cooking, which consists of a linear parabolic concentrator with concentration ratio of 20. The experiments, on this cooker, were performed in summer and winter, both the climatic conditions. The measurements were done by using microprocessor based on line data acquisition system using class I solar pyranometer and Pt. 100 temperature sensors. Based on the experimental data obtained by testing and performance evaluation of this concentrating type of solar cooker, the energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated. From an analysis of the experimental values the average efficiency of this cooker is measured as 14% only. The different losses contributes to low efficiency are optical losses (16%), geometrical losses (30%) and thermal losses (35%) accounts for more than, 80% energy waste from the radiation coming to the reflector. The rest of the losses are due to edge losses etc. the maximum temperature of water was recorded 98°C during water heating tests.

Simulation and Performance of a Solar Drying Unit with Storage for Aromatic and Medicinal Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ayadi ◽  
I. Zouari ◽  
A. Bellagi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Aromatic And Medicinal Plants ◽  
Transfer Equations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract The objective of this work, based on a theoretical and experimental study, is to investigate the energy and economic performance of a totally solar drying unit with storage for aromatic and medicinal plants, to satisfy a dimensioning already carried out on a macroscopic scale for an energy request well defined: to dry a quantity of a given agricultural products during 1 day of harvest season, so between September and May, with a heat storage which relays at night. Drying experiments were conducted for spearmint grown in Tunisia. Mathematical formulation of the physical process of this solar drying unit based on conventional heat and mass transfer equations showed a certain agreement with the experimental results under climatic conditions of Tunis (Tunisia). All the experimental drying curves showed only a falling drying rate period. The main factor in controlling the drying rate was found to be the drying air temperature. It was observed that this unit is able to dry more than 2.5 kg of spearmint per day with a moisture reduction efficiency of 70%. It was found that for all the period of harvest, so for 5 months assumed dryer used per year, the payback period is 3.6 years.

scholarly journals Effects of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference on aspects of peripartum mineral and energy metabolism and performance of multiparous Holstein cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 4604-4622 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Leno ◽  
C.M. Ryan ◽  
T. Stokol ◽  
D. Kirk ◽  
K.P. Zanzalari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
And Performance

Physiological Considerations of Ultraendurance Performance

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
And Performance

The physiological effects of endurance exercise have been a primary area of research in exercise science for many years. This research has led not only to a greater understanding of human physiology but also the limits of human performance. This is especially true regarding the effects of endurance exercise on energy metabolism and nutrition. However, as science has attempted to understand the physiological and nutritional demands of endurance exercise lasting 1 to 3 hours, an increasing number of athletes have begun participating in ultraendurance events lasting 4 to 24 hours. Consequently some research groups are now investigating the physiological responses to ultraendurance training and performance. This paper reviews the literature on ultraendurance performance and discusses nutritional factors that may affect bioenergetic, thermoregulatory, endocrinological, and hematological responses to ultraendurance performance.

scholarly journals THE GROWTH AND PERFORMANCE OF THE UDMURT CLIMATETYPE OF SCOTCHPINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MOSCOW REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Петр Мельник ◽  
Petr Mel'nik ◽  
Юрий Глазунов ◽  
Yuriy Glazunov ◽  
Михаил Мерзленко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Climate Type ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Competitive Relations ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Unconditional Preference

In normative documents defining the principles of reforestation, unconditional preference is given to local or nearby populations. This situation contradicts the data obtained by many authors in various forest growing areas, as well as the results of our research, which were performed in 65-year-old geographical cultures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Serebryanoborsky forestry of the Institute of Forest Science, located in the central part of the Moscow region. Despite the remote origin (the distance from the geographical landings under study was about 900 km to the east), the planting grown from seeds obtained from the Mozhginsky region of the Udmurt Republic was close to the average height with the Moscow region and Vladimir climatypes and significantly exceeded them in average diameter and stock. The distribution of trees by thickness steps in the tree stands under study is close to normal. At the same time, in the Udmurt climatype, a shift towards the predominance of large trunks is noticeable, whereas in the Vladimir climatype, they are lagging behind. Moscow Provision occupies an intermediate position. According to the dependences of relative heights on tree diameters, the most intense competitive relations are characteristic of the Vladimir climate type. In the first place, this reflects the greatest density of the plantings. In the Udmurt climatype, a high H/D value, corresponding in size to that in Moscow and Vladimir climatypes, is characteristic of trees lagging behind in growth, the diameter of which does not exceed 20 cm. Leading trees in the Udmurt clima type are significantly larger than the local provences. . Planting of Udmurt origin not only adapted to the climatic conditions of the study area, but also surpassed local climatypes in terms of the aggregate characteristics of growth and productivity.

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