Printing Time Optimization of Large-Size Powder-Based 3D Printing

2021 ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiaochun Wang ◽  
Taotao Xiong ◽  
Guangxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Time Optimization ◽  
Printing Time ◽  
Size Powder

scholarly journals Realization of Rapid Large-Size 3D Printing Based on Full-Color Powder-Based 3DP Technique

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
Guangxue Chen ◽  
Xiaochun Wang ◽  
Haozhi Chen ◽  
Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Rotation Method ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Time

The powder-based 3DP (3D printing) technique has developed rapidly in creative and customized industries on account of it’s uniqueness, such as low energy consumption, cheap consumables, and non-existent exhaust emissions. Moreover, it could actualize full-color 3D printing. However, the printing time and size are both in need of upgrade using ready printers, especially for large-size 3D printing objects. Given the above issues, the effects of height and monolayer area on printing time were explored and the quantitative relationship was given in this paper conducted on the specimens with a certain gradient. On this basis, an XYX rotation method was proposed to minimize the printing time. The mechanical tests were conducted with three impregnation types as well as seven printing angles and combined with the characterization of surface structure based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) digital images to explore the optimum parameters of cutting-bonding frame (CBF) applied to powder-based 3D printing. Then, four adhesives were compared in terms of the width of bonded gap and chromatic aberration. The results revealed that ColorBond impregnated specimens showed excellent mechanical properties which reached maximum when printed at 45° to Z axis, and α-cyanoacrylate is the most suitable adhesive to bond full-color powder-based models. Finally, an operation technological process was summarized to realize the rapid manufacturing of large-size full-color 3D printed objects.

scholarly journals ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF NOZZLE DIAMETER IN FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING FOR EXTRUDING POLYLACTIC ACID USING OPEN SOURCE 3D PRINTING

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aiman Sukindar ◽  
M. K. A. Ariffin ◽  
B. T. Hang Tuah Baharudin ◽  
Che Nor Aiza Jaafar ◽  
Mohd Idris Shah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Optimum Range ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Geometrical Error ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printing Time

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the Rapid Prototyping (RP) technologies. The 3D Printer has been widely used in the fabrication of 3D products. One of the main issues has been to obtain a high quality for the finished parts. The present study focuses on the effect of nozzle diameter in terms of pressure drop, geometrical error as well as extrusion time. While using polylactic acid (PLA) as a material, the research was conducted using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) by manipulating the nozzle diameter, and the pressure drop along the liquefier was observed. The geometrical error and printing time were also calculated by using different nozzle diameters. Analysis shows that the diameter of the nozzle significantly affects the pressure drop along the liquefier which influences the consistency of the road width thus affecting the quality of the product’s finish. The vital aspect is minimizing the pressure drop to be as low as possible, which will lead to a good quality final product. The results from the analysis demonstrate that a 0.2 mm nozzle diameter contributes the highest pressure drop, which is not within the optimum range. In this study, by considering several factors including pressure drop, geometrical error and printing time, a 0.3 mm nozzle diameter has been suggested as being in the optimum range for extruding PLA material using open-source 3D printing. The implication of this result is valuable for a better understanding of the melt flow behavior of the PLA material and for choosing the optimum nozzle diameter for 3D printing.

A Heuristic Scaling Strategy for Multi-Robot Cooperative Three-Dimensional Printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Poudel ◽  
Chandler Blair ◽  
Jace McPherson ◽  
Zhenghui Sha ◽  
Wenchao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Printing Time

Abstract While three-dimensional (3D) printing has been making significant strides over the past decades, it still trails behind mainstream manufacturing due to its lack of scalability in both print size and print speed. Cooperative 3D printing (C3DP) is an emerging technology that holds the promise to mitigate both of these issues by having a swarm of printhead-carrying mobile robots working together to finish a single print job cooperatively. In our previous work, we have developed a chunk-based printing strategy to enable the cooperative 3D printing with two fused deposition modeling (FDM) mobile 3D printers, which allows each of them to print one chunk at a time without interfering with the other and the printed part. In this paper, we present a novel method in discretizing the continuous 3D printing process, where the desired part is discretized into chunks, resulting in multi-stage 3D printing process. In addition, the key contribution of this study is the first working scaling strategy for cooperative 3D printing based on simple heuristics, called scalable parallel arrays of robots for 3DP (SPAR3), which enables many mobile 3D printers to work together to reduce the total printing time for large prints. In order to evaluate the performance of the printing strategy, a framework is developed based on directed dependency tree (DDT), which provides a mathematical and graphical description of dependency relationships and sequence of printing tasks. The graph-based framework can be used to estimate the total print time for a given print strategy. Along with the time evaluation metric, the developed framework provides us with a mathematical representation of geometric constraints that are temporospatially dynamic and need to be satisfied in order to achieve collision-free printing for any C3DP strategy. The DDT-based evaluation framework is then used to evaluate the proposed SPAR3 strategy. The results validate the SPAR3 as a collision-free strategy that can significantly shorten the printing time (about 11 times faster with 16 robots for the demonstrated examples) in comparison with the traditional 3D printing with single printhead.

scholarly journals Comparison of Presurgical Dental Models Manufactured with Two Different Three-Dimensional Printing Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Metlerski ◽  
Katarzyna Grocholewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Jaroń ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Grzegorz Trybek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Reference Models ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Printing Time

Three-dimensional printing is a rapidly developing area of technology and manufacturing in the field of oral surgery. The aim of this study was comparison of presurgical models made by two different types of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. Digital reference models were printed 10 times using fused deposition modelling (FDM) and digital light processing (DLP) techniques. All 3D printed models were scanned using a technical scanner. The trueness, linear measurements, and printing time were evaluated. The diagnostic models were compared with the reference models using linear and mean deviation for trueness measurements with computer software. Paired t-tests were performed to compare the two types of 3D printing technology. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. For FDM printing, all average distances between the reference points were smaller than the corresponding distances measured on the reference model. For the DLP models, the average distances in the three measurements were smaller than the original. Only one average distance measurement was greater. The mean deviation for trueness was 0.1775 mm for the FDM group and 0.0861 mm for the DLP group. Mean printing time for a single model was 517.6 minutes in FDM technology and 285.3 minutes in DLP. This study confirms that presurgical models manufactured with FDM and DLP technologies are usable in oral surgery. Our findings will facilitate clinical decision-making regarding the best 3D printing technology to use when planning a surgical procedure.

scholarly journals A Multi(two)-Nozzle Cable-Driven Parallel Robot For 3D Printing Building Construction: Path Optimization and Vibration Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sy Nguyen-Van ◽  
Kwan-Woong Gwak
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Parallel Robot ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Element Formulation ◽  
B Splines ◽  
Printing Quality ◽  
Travel Length ◽  
Printing Time

Abstract This paper proposes a multi-nozzle cable-driven parallel robot for 3D printing building construction. This system has two independently moving nozzles mounted on the existing printing head. The printing time can be reduced dramatically with this system as the travel path of the printing head can be reduced to almost half thanks to those two nozzles that print almost half of the printing contour. To fully take advantage of two nozzle structures effectively, the path of the printing head is optimized to secure the minimum travel length of both the printing head and two nozzles. The smoothness of the optimal path is secured by applying the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). In addition, free vibration of the proposed CDPR printer’s structure is analyzed to improve the printing quality and help the control of the proposed CDPR plain by using a finite element formulation of cables of the proposed robot.

3D printing build orientation optimization for flexible support platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyao Shen ◽  
Xiaoxiang Ye ◽  
Guanhua Xu ◽  
Linchu Zhang ◽  
Jun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Build Orientation ◽  
Flexible Support ◽  
Material Cost ◽  
Printing Time

Purpose During the 3D printing process, the model needs to add a support structure to ensure structural stability. Excessive support structure reduces printing efficiency and results in material cost. A flexible support platform for 3 D printing has been designed. It can form an external support structure to replace the original support structure. This paper aims to study the influence of a model’s build orientation on properties when the model is printed on the platform, aiming to provide users with suitable solutions. Design/methodology/approach A fitness function for estimating the support structure with a support length is constructed. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is modified and applied to find the build orientation that minimizes the support structure. However, when the model is printed on the platform, the build orientation of the minimum support structure enhances the complexity of the working path, resulting in an increase of printing time, which needs to be avoided. This paper applies a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to minimize the support structure while minimizing printing time. The Pareto solution is obtained by the algorithm. Findings It is found that the model that has the cantilever structure can reduce more support structure after optimization on the platform, when there is surface quality requirement. When there is no limit, the modified algorithm can minimize the support structure of each model. Considering support structure and printing time, the MOPSO algorithm can easily get optimization results to guide the practical work. Originality/value This paper optimizes the model’s build orientation on the flexible support platform by PSO, thereby reducing material cost and improving work efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Material on the Mechanical Properties of Additive Manufactured Thermoplastic Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
D. K. K. Cavalcanti ◽  
M. D. Banea ◽  
H. F. M. de Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Printing Time

Additive manufacturing (AM) also called 3D printing, is an emerging process in the manufacturing sector with increasing new applications in aerospace, prototyping, medical devices and product development, among others. The resistance of the AM part is determined by the chosen material and the printing parameters. As novel materials and AM methods are continuously being developed, there is a need for the development and mechanical characterization of suitable materials for 3D printing. In this study, the influence of the material and the 3D-printing parameters on the mechanical properties of additive manufactured thermoplastic parts was investigated. Three different filaments that are commercially available: Polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Tritan were used. Tensile and flexural tests were carried out, in accordance to ASTM standards, to investigate and compare the mechanical properties of the AM parts as a function of material used. The results showed that the type of filaments had the greatest influence on the mechanical properties of the AM parts. The maximum strength and stiffness were obtained for the PLA specimens. Tritan displayed the highest deformation, while the PLA manifested the lowest deformation capacity. The mechanical properties of the printed parts also depend on the printing parameters. The parameters used in this work are a good compromise between the printing time and the mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Influence of the Printing Nozzle Diameter on Tensile Strength of Produced 3D Models in FDM Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kiński ◽  
Paweł Pietkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Printing Time ◽  
Printing Method

AbstractThe article presents the results of tensile strength tests taking into account the influence of the printing nozzle diameter. The 3D printing method in FDM technology is described. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of the printing nozzle diameter installed in the head. Samples printed with two types of filling were tested. The obtained results were summarized and compared. The printing time of the samples was compared with a diameter of each nozzle. Based on the strength tests, it can be concluded that the tensile strength of the samples made with the FDM printing technology is proportional to the used printing nozzle diameter.

scholarly journals Investigation of layer height influencing the impact strength of polylactic acid (PLA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
József Richárd Lennert ◽  
József Sárosi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Influential Parameters ◽  
Printing Time

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of layer height used during 3D printing on the impact strength, their standard deviations, and the printing time by using UNI EN ISO 180 unnotched specimens manufactured by FDM 3D printing technology. Every specimen is made of PLA, which is the most basic material of the FDM printing technology by using the same 3D printer. In this study it plays a key role to find out whether the layer height can be used to optimize the researched mechanical property within an economical framework or not. What is more, the possibly observable tendencies and crucial influential parameters will be analysed as well.

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