Impact of Biodiesel Blended Fuels on Combustion Engines in Long Term

Improving the efficiency or work and reducing the emissions of toxic substances into the atmosphere are the two key directions of development of modern combustion engines. Improvement of engine efficiency is feasible only by increasing the precision of control thereof, which necessitates long-term operating tests. Regrettably, due to complexity of processes taking place during the combustion of fuel, these phenomena can only be tested on simulation models, based on a mathematical description of the phenomena.This paper presents the results of verification tests of the developed fuel combustion model in a multifuel compression-ignition engine for an engine running only on diesel fuel.

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Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine

10.37281/drcsf/2.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112-115

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Rare Earths ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽

Hydrogen Fuel ◽

Short Time

Hydrogen fuel constitutes an attainable alternative strategy, which can be implemented in the long term. This strategy can avoid the risk of commodity supply dependency (rare earths and copper) and can delay the still open decisions on e-mobility. Hydrogen internal combustion engines represent a doable and less expensive solution for using hydrogen than purchasing a new car equipped with a hydrogen fuel cell. Conventional piston engines can be switched to gas operation with relatively little change. This approach is environmentally more viable, as in a short time most vehicles can be switched to emission-free operation. Also, it can avoid the risk of commodity supply dependency (rare earths and copper) and can delay the still open decisions on e-mobility.

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Characteristics of Pneumatic Tuners of Torsional Oscillation as a Result of Patent Activity

Acta Mechanica et Automatica ◽

10.1515/ama-2016-0050 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 316-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jaroslav Homišin

Keyword(s):

Torsional Oscillation ◽

Mechanical Systems ◽

Scientific Article ◽

Torsional Vibrations ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Patent Activity ◽

Torsional Oscillations ◽

Flexible Shaft ◽

Design Construction

AbstractMechanical systems with combustion engines, compressors, pumps and fans, can be characterized as torsional oscillating mechanical systems (TOMS). It is therefore necessary to control their dangerous torsional vibrations. It was confirmed that dangerous torsional vibration can be reduced to acceptable level by an appropriate adjustment, respectively by tuning the TOMS. According to several authors, the most appropriate way of system tuning is application of suitable flexible element, which is flexible shaft coupling. It turned out that one of the types of shaft couplings, which are particularly suited to meeting this objective are pneumatic flexible shaft couplings, to act as so-called pneumatic tuners of torsional oscillations. The issue of research and development of pneumatic tuners of torsional oscillations, among other things is, long-term in the focus of the author. The existence of tuners creates the opportunity to develop new ways of tuning torsional oscillating mechanical systems. The author of the scientific article will focus on the characteristics of developed pneumatic tuners of torsional oscillation in terms of their design, construction, function, significance advantages and conditions imposed on pneumatic tuners based on the results of his patent activity. Simultaneously provides information about the characteristic properties of pneumatic tuners of torsional oscillations in the general design.

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Analisis pemakaian bahan bakar biogas termurnikan pada unjuk kerja motor bakar

Dinamika Teknik Mesin ◽

10.29303/d.v7i1.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rudy Sutanto ◽

Kusuma Wardani ◽

Arif Mulyanto ◽

Nurchayati Nurchayati ◽

Pandri Pandiatmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Flow ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

High Quality ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Specific Target ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Mass Flow Rates

The long term purpose of this research is to obtain the high quality renewable biogas that can be used as fuel for internal combustion engines to drive an electricity generator as energy diversification efforts in the area of small sustainable islands. The specific target expected to be achieved is a method/technique for absorbing impurities contained in biogas, especially CO2 component. The study was conducted to reduce the level of CO2 in biogas using NaOH solution. The mass flow rates of biogas employed were 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 l/min. The biogas was then tested using an engine to see the effect CO2 on the engine performance at several rotations, i.e. 1500, 2500, 3500, and 4500 rpm. The results show that the torque increases by 21.3% for biogas B2 compared to the unpurified biogas. For biogas B4, the torque increases by 19.1%. While for biogas B6, B8, and B10, the torques increase by 14.9%, 12.8%, and 8.5% respectively. For biogas B2, the SFCE decreases by 33.4%, for biogas B4, the SFCE declines of about 22.7%, while for biogas B6, the SFCE declines by 17.9%. The SFCSs also decline by 13.9% and 8.5% for biogas B8 and B10.

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Challenges in Measuring Lube Oil Consumption of Internal Combustion Engines Using Deuterium As a Tracer

ASME 2019 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2019-7111 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bernhard Rossegger ◽

Michael Engelmayer ◽

Andreas Wimmer

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Test Bench ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Measurement Time ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Oil Consumption ◽

Engine Exhaust

Abstract Lube oil emission is thought to have a negative influence on hydrocarbon and particle emissions, autoignition and the life-cycle cost of internal combustion engines. Thus, one of the major goals of combustion engine research and development is to optimize lube oil consumption, for example by optimizing the tribological behavior of the piston group (interaction between piston rings and cylinder liner). This requires the application of a fast and accurate lube oil consumption measurement method. Methods such as gravimetric and volumetric measurement are outdated for R&D applications because of measurement time, absolute accuracy as well as repeatability, however some OEMs are still applying this method. At present, the use of tracer methods for measuring lube oil consumption is considered the most promising in terms of decreasing measurement time and increasing accuracy. For example, sulfur as a tracer is one of the most established methods for measuring lube oil consumption, but previous publications have revealed downsides and future challenges of its use. This publication, however, highlights the challenges of using the stable hydrogen isotope deuterium as a tracer which are still to overcome, in order to become a viable and reliable method for measuring lube oil consumption on internal combustion engines. In the introduction, a novel concept of measuring lube oil consumption with deuterated engine oil and the test bench setup are explained. Following laboratory experiments, test bench runs on a heavy-duty diesel engine and long-term studies on a field engine, three major challenges facing the new approach are identified and potential solutions are proposed. First, the long-term stability of the tracer in the lube oil and potential changes in the physical and chemical properties of the oil due to deuteration are discussed in light of the results of tests on a field engine that uses deuterated engine oil. Second, the hydrogen-deuterium exchange process to mark the oil with the tracer is examined and potential approaches for reducing cost and duration are highlighted. The universal applicability of the deuteration process to several base oil groups is also explained. Finally, the detection of deuterium in the gas of the engine exhaust and potential cross-sensitivities to trace gases as well as other crucial limitations of the detector in analyzing engine exhaust are addressed. The summary presents the requirements for converting the experiments with a deuterium tracer into a reliable method for lube oil consumption measurement providing crucial properties such as high accuracy, short measurement time, effort and ease of use.

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No guarantees – setting Australian Energy Policy for 2040

The APPEA Journal ◽

10.1071/aj18301 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Matt Rennie

Keyword(s):

Energy Policy ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Large Scale ◽

New Technologies ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Energy Technologies ◽

Decentralised Systems ◽

The Right ◽

Technological Platforms

The energy industry is transforming around three fundamental tipping points; in 2021 distributed energy systems will reach cost parity with grid connected energy; in 2025 electric vehicles will reach cost parity with combustion engines; and in 2045 it will be cheaper to produce electricity using decentralised systems than it will be to transport energy around the grid, excluding the costs of production. This new 'System 2.0' will have a number of defining characteristics: it will be heavily reliant on renewables, which will account for between 40% and 50% of generation; it will be characterised by a large build out of regulated architecture to support the new mix of generation, and heavy competition for unregulated connection assets; distribution systems will shift to the paradigm of the DSO, where load is moved around largely peakless networks using decentralised energy technologies; and retailing will have changed dramatically, away from high churn margin based operations to new digital relationships characterised by large scale operations across new technological platforms. With its high proportion of solar installations, system topography and customer willingness to embrace new technologies, Australia is in a position to lead the world in the transformational times ahead. It has never been more important than now for Governments, both State and Federal, to move beyond the politics and to set energy policy with this objective in mind, ensuring that initiatives across generation, transmission, distribution and retailing reflect long term objectives in market design, investment signalling and regulatory compacts. To view the video, click the link on the right.

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CULTIVATION SYSTEM OF GREEN MICROALGAE, BOTRYOCOCCUS BRAUNII: A REVIEW

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v76.5517 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nor Azalina Zakariah ◽

Norazah Abd. Rahman ◽

Fazlena Hamzah ◽

Tajuddin Md Jahi

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Simple Structure ◽

Lipid Production ◽

Botryococcus Braunii ◽

Food Sources ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Biofuel Feedstock ◽

Two Stages

Renewable energy by using microalgae is another route to solve fossil fuel dependence, reduce climate change and enhance food security. The microalgae has a simple structure. Photosynthesis reaction of the microalgae converts solar energy into chemical energy which later can be used as fuel. This paper reviews microalgae as a new prospective for biofuel feedstock that is produced from non - food sources which offer a long term of sustainability and energy security. The cultivation system under open and closed system are discussed in this paper. A common weakness of the systems is low lipid production. A two stages culture also known as hybrid cultivation system that is discuseed in this paper can be used to overcome the weakness. A review on the performance of the microalgae biofuel applying in the internal combustion engines is presented in the last section of this paper.

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Controlled Degradation of Lubricating Media by Means of an Accelerated Electron Beam

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8111452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1452

Author(s):

Jiří Stodola ◽

Petr Stodola

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Degradation ◽

Preliminary Test ◽

Pilot Project ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Test Results ◽

Special Equipment ◽

Operating Load ◽

The Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Motor Oils

The article deals with the possibilities of using electron accelerator for controlled aging of lubricating media used in special vehicles. During use, e.g., in combustion engines, the lubricants get contaminated and thermo-oxidative degradation also occurs. The pilot project confirms the hypothesis that ionizing radiation makes it possible to simulate the operating load of lubricating media, which was repeatedly confirmed by long-term monitoring of changes in viscosity of statistically significant samples of motor oils used in special equipment. Preliminary test results also show that there are likely to be possibilities to influence other selected properties, such as the coefficient of friction depending on the radiation dose. The authors describe physicochemical processes during irradiation and, in the example of kinematic viscosity, present summary results for selected lubricating media.

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Models for automotive fuel droplets heating and evaporation

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems ◽

10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4754 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mansour Al Qubeissi ◽

Sergei Sazhin ◽

Nawar Al-Esawi

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Fuel Droplets ◽

Fuel Blends ◽

Automotive Fuel ◽

Biodiesel Fuels ◽

Blended Fuels

The paper presents recent approaches to the modelling of heating and evaporation of automotive fuel droplets with application to biodiesel, diesel, gasoline, and blended fuels in conditions representative of internal combustion engines. The evolutions of droplet radii and temperatures for gasoline, diesel, and a broad range of biodiesel fuels and their selective diesel fuel blends have been predicted using the Discrete Component model (DCM). These mixtures combine up to 112 components of hydrocarbons and methyl esters. The results are compared with the predictions of the case when blended diesel-biodiesel fuel are represented by pure fossil and biodiesel fuels. In contrast to previous studies, it is shown that droplet evaporation time and surface temperature predicted for 100% biodiesel (B100) are not always close to those predicted for pure diesel fuel. Also, the previously introduced MultiDimensional Quasi-Discrete model and its application to these fuels and their mixtures are discussed. The previous application of this model has resulted in up to 96% reduction in CPU time compared to the case when all fuel components are considered using the DCM.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4754

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Bi-Generators Flow Meter of Instant Values (Characteriograph)

Metrology and instruments ◽

10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.13-20 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

I. Topolov

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Frequency Converter ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Energy Characteristics ◽

Method Of Calculation ◽

Indirect Control ◽

Functional Scheme ◽

Consumption Control ◽

Metrological Parameters

The article describes a variant of constructing an instantaneous flowmeter, designed to monitor the energy characteristics of internal combustion engines located on long-term bench tests, under different load conditions. The result of the development is a system using the method of indirect control of the weight of consumed fuel from a sample tank, by measuring the pressure in it. To ensure the required accuracy and stability, the flowmeter uses a pressure-period frequency converter built on a bi-generator circuit. As a result of the research carried out in the work: the algorithm of work and the functional scheme of the automated device intended for precision control of instantaneous fuel consumption are developed; the method of calculation of the basic metrological parameters of the flowmeter of instantaneous values is proposed; conducted research is the basis for designing new automated devices for precision consumption control.

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