Bicarbonate permeability and immunological evidence for an anion exchanger-like protein in the red blood cells of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

The supraneural myeloid body of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) was studied in the feeding adult, late spawning run adult, and metamorphosing ammocoete. The fatty nature of the tissue was established by histochemical staining and electron microscopy. The presence of the fat cells and the actively differentiating blood cells evinced its similarity to the bone marrow in higher animals, thereby suggesting a phylogenetic affinity. In the late spawning run lampreys, the tissue was found to be almost empty of blood cells, leaving empty spaces within the stromal skeleton. In the feeding adult tissue, the various blood cell types differentiated from precursor cells have been identified. Megakaryoblasts possibly representing early phases of the cell type were observed only in the transforming (macrophthalmia stage) and adult lampreys. A marked active development of the tissue in the ammocoete was seen only at the fourth stage of the metamorphosing ammocoete immediately before macrophthalmia. At the macrophthalmia stage, the haematopoietic activity in the tissue increased substantially.

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In vitro evidence for sodium-dependent pH regulation in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) red blood cells

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z92-062 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 411-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bruce L. Tufts

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Ph Regulation ◽

Petromyzon Marinus ◽

Sea Lamprey ◽

Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Sodium Dependent

Factors influencing the pH of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) erythrocytes were examined in vitro. The absence of extracellular Na+ caused a significant reduction in the erythrocyte pH. In addition, the protonophore 2,4-dinitrophenol was capable of reducing the erythrocyte pH when it was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. In the presence of ouabain, a step increase in the carbon dioxide tension caused a large increase in the intracellular Na+ concentration, but the rate of increase was considerably reduced after the 1st hour. Even in the absence of ouabain, however, the intracellular Na+ concentration in erythrocytes equilibrated with 3% CO2 is much greater than that in erythrocytes equilibrated with 0.2% CO2. Together, these results suggest that Na+-dependent H+ movements, possibly Na+–H+ exchange, may have an important role in erythrocyte pH regulation in P. marinus. Moreover, the mechanism appears to be stimulated by the decrease in extracellular or erythrocyte pH associated with the increase in [Formula: see text]. Extracellular Na+ also has a significant impact on the CO2-transport properties of P. marinus blood. In the absence of extracellular Na+, the intracellular total CO2 concentration was significantly reduced, whereas extracellular total CO2 concentration, [Formula: see text], was significantly increased. Furthermore, in the no-Na+ saline, [Formula: see text] became dependent on the hematocrit; an increase in the number of erythrocytes resulted in an increase in [Formula: see text]. This result suggests that the erythrocyte membrane of P. marinus may be permeable to [Formula: see text].

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Blood cell destruction in the opisthonephric kidney of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L.

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z71-146 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 962-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

John H. Youson

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Petromyzon Marinus ◽

Sea Lamprey ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cell Destruction

Electron microscopic observations reveal that blood cells are engulfed by macrophages within interstitial sinusoids of the opisthonephric kidneys of larval and adult Petromyzon marinus. Therefore the kidneys represent one site where blood cell destruction may occur in this animal.

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IN VITRO INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT IN THE BLOOD OF THE SEA LAMPREY (PETROMYZON MARINUS)

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.173.1.25 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 173 (1) ◽

pp. 25-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. A. Ferguson ◽

N. Sehdev ◽

B. Bagatto ◽

B. L. Tufts

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Sea Lamprey ◽

Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽

Dissociation Curves

In vitro experiments were carried out to examine the interactions between oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood of the sea lamprey. Oxygen dissociation curves for whole blood obtained from quiescent lampreys had Hill numbers (nH) ranging from 1.52 to 1.89. The Bohr coefficient for whole blood was -0.17 when extracellular pH (pHe) was considered, but was much greater (-0.63) when red blood cell pH (pHi) was considered. The pHi was largely dependent on haemoglobin oxygen- saturation (SO2) and the pH gradient across the red blood cell membrane was often reversed when PCO2 was increased and/or SO2 was lowered. The magnitude of the increase in pHi associated with the Haldane effect ranged from 0.169 pH units at 2.9 kPa PCO2 to 0.453 pH units at a PCO2 of 0.2 kPa. Deoxygenated red blood cells had a much greater total CO2 concentration (CCO2) than oxygenated red blood cells, but the nonbicarbonate buffer value for the red blood cells was unaffected by oxygenation. Plasma CCO2 was not significantly different under oxygenated or deoxygenated conditions. Partitioning of CO2 carriage in oxygenated and deoxygenated blood supports recent in vivo observations that red blood cell CO2 carriage can account for much of the CCO2 difference between arterial and venous blood. Together, the results also suggest that oxygen and carbon dioxide transport may not be tightly coupled in the blood of these primitive vertebrates. Finally, red cell sodium concentrations were dependent on oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions in the blood, suggesting that sodium-dependent ion transport processes may contribute to the unique strategy for gas transport in sea lamprey blood.

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Tyrosine kinase inhibition affects skate anion exchanger isoform I alterations after volume expansion

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00691.2004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288 (4) ◽

pp. R885-R890 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mark W. Musch ◽

Leon Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Tyrosine Kinase ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽

Anion Exchanger ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Volume Expansion ◽

Kinase Inhibitor ◽

Regulatory Volume Decrease ◽

Organic Osmolytes

Upon exposure to hypotonic medium, skate red blood cells swell and then reduce their volume by releasing organic osmolytes and associated water. The regulatory volume decrease is inhibited by stilbenes and anion exchange inhibitors, suggesting involvement of the red blood cell anion exchanger skAE1. To determine the role of tyrosine phosphorylation, red blood cells were volume expanded with and without prior treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor piceatannol. At the concentration used, 130 μM, piceatannol nearly completely inhibits p72syk, a tyrosine kinase previously shown to phosphorylate skAE1 (M. W. Musch, E. H. Hubert, and L. Goldstein. J Biol Chem 274: 7923–7928, 1999). Hyposmotic-induced volume expansion stimulated association of p72syk with a light membrane fraction of skate red blood cells. Piceatannol did not inhibit this association but decreased hyposmotically stimulated increased skAE1 tyrosine phophorylation. Movement of skAE1 from an intracellular to a surface detergent-resistant membrane domain and tetramer formation were not inhibited by piceatannol treatment. Two effects of hyposmotic-induced volume expansion, decreased band 4.1 binding and increased ankyrin, were both inhibited by piceatannol. These results suggest that at least one event requiring p72syk activation is pivotal for hyposmotic-induced increased transport; however, steps that do not require tyrosine phosphorylation may also play a role.

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Chloride (or bicarbonate)-dependent copper uptake through the anion exchanger in human red blood cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1990.259.4.c570 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 259 (4) ◽

pp. C570-C576 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. O. Alda ◽

R. Garay

Keyword(s):

Red Blood Cells ◽

Dissociation Constant ◽

Anion Exchanger ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Initial Rate ◽

Disulfonic Acid ◽

Copper Uptake ◽

Selective Electrode ◽

Apparent Dissociation Constant ◽

Human Red Blood Cells

The initial rate of Cu2+ uptake in human red blood cells was measured by atomic absorption. About 80% of Cu2+ uptake was inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) concentrations greater than 5-10 microM. DIDS-sensitive Cu2+ uptake required the presence of external HCO3- or external Cl-. Cl- strongly stimulated Cu2+ uptake following a Michaelis-like function, with apparent dissociation constant (KCl) of 72 +/- 9.4 (SD) mM (n = 6 experiments). HCO3- stimulated DIDS-sensitive Cu2+ uptake following a Michaelis-like function, with apparent dissociation constant (Kbic) of 10 +/- 1.9 (SD) mM (n = 4 experiments). Maximal rates (of Cl(-)- or HCO3(-)-stimulated Cu2+ uptake) were nonadditive. DIDS-sensitive Cu2+ uptake was not modified by physiological concentrations of phosphate or sulfate. Conversely, it was strongly inhibited by physiological concentrations of L-histidine and cysteine (at a Cu2+ concentration of 100 microM, these physiological ligands exhibited KHis and KCys of 50 and 80 microM, respectively). By using a copper-selective electrode, we found that at pH 7-7.4 copper is associated with OH-, particularly in the form of Cu(OH)2 complexes. In conclusion, the anion exchanger is the major transport mechanism for red blood cell Cu2+ uptake. The translocating species can be the monovalent anion complexes of copper with OH-, Cl-, and/or HCO3-.

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