Juror common understanding and the admissibility of rape trauma syndrome evidence in court.

Abstract. There is a growing interest in embitterment as psychological concept. However, little systematic research has been conducted to characterize this emotional reaction. Still, there is an ongoing debate about the distinctiveness of embitterment and its dimensions. Additionally, a categorical and a dimensional perspective on embitterment have been developed independently over the last decade. The present study investigates the dimensions of embitterment by bringing these two different approaches together, for the first time. The Bern Embitterment Inventory (BEI) was given to 49 patients diagnosed with “Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorder (PTED)” and a matched control group of 49 patients with psychological disorders with other dominant emotional dysregulations. The ability to discriminate between the two groups was assessed by t-tests and Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves (ROC curve analysis). PTED patients scored significantly higher on the BEI than the patients of the control group. ROC analyses indicated diagnostic accuracy of the inventory. Further, we conducted Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) to examine the different dimensions of embitterment and their relations. As a result, we found four characteristic dimensions of embitterment, namely disappointment, lack of acknowledge, pessimism, and misanthropy. In general, our findings showed a common understanding of embitterment as a unique but multidimensional emotional reaction to distressful life-events.

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Methods for measurement of bivalve clearance rate-hope for common understanding

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps276309 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 276 ◽

pp. 309-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

JK Petersen

Keyword(s):

Clearance Rate ◽

Common Understanding

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: Science and the Common Understanding . J. Robert Oppenheimer.

Social Problems ◽

10.1525/sp.1954.2.2.03a00130 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 114-114

Author(s):

Arthur S. Barron

Keyword(s):

The Common ◽

Common Understanding

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Concept of Good Faith in Domestic Laws – To Debrief the Common Understanding

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3558349 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

OM PRAKASH GAUTAM

Keyword(s):

Good Faith ◽

The Common ◽

Common Understanding

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Punishment and Citizenship

10.1093/oso/9780190848620.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milena Tripkovic

Keyword(s):

Historical Development ◽

Full Range ◽

Normative Theory ◽

Political Organization ◽

Citizenship Status ◽

Criminal Conviction ◽

Criminal Offender ◽

Normative Foundations ◽

Common Understanding

The book develops a normative theory of criminal disenfranchisement and determines which offenders may justifiably lose electoral rights after criminal conviction. Having examined the historical development of the practice and contemporary electoral restrictions—which reveal that disenfranchisement is still widespread in European democracies—the book goes on to explore the nature of this sanction and its normative foundations. Diverging from common understanding, the book proposes that criminal disenfranchisement is not a form of punishment, but a citizenship sanction that aims to reduce membership entitlements of disenfranchised criminals and deplete their citizenship status. To determine whether criminal disenfranchisement can be justified, it is necessary to understand the substance of membership in a polity and the requirements that a citizen ought to satisfy to enjoy a full range of rights attached to this status. To account for possible differences in citizenship requirements between diverse types of polities, the book develops three ideal-typical models, which are loosely tied to the liberal, republican, and communitarian forms of political organization. The book contends that, regardless of internal differences, only one kind of criminal offender fails to satisfy citizenship requirements in all three types of polity and may thus incur electoral restrictions—a person who has seriously and irreversibly severed citizenship ties with her polity owing to an incorrigible lack of moral conscience. The book concludes by specifying additional conditions that ought to be satisfied before restrictions can be enacted, but also suggests reasons for which polities may abstain from imposing them.

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Making the Grade during Pandemic: Early-stage and Late-stage Provisional Institutions

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.1177/07311214211028616 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 073112142110286

Author(s):

Alexander B. Kinney ◽

Nicholas J. Rowland

Keyword(s):

Late Stage ◽

Early Stage ◽

State University ◽

Institutional Work ◽

Traditional Grading ◽

Grading Policy ◽

Temporary Solution ◽

Rural State ◽

Empirical Implications ◽

Common Understanding

This is an article that draws on the institutional work literature about provisional institutions. To date, nearly every U.S. sector has been impacted by COVID-19. To sustain their core missions, highly institutionalized organizations such as universities have had to rethink foundational structures and policies. Using a historical ethnographic approach to investigate records from faculty senate deliberations at “Rural State University” (RSU), the authors examine the implementation of a temporary grading policy to supplement traditional, qualitative grades spring 2020 during the outbreak. The authors find that RSU implemented a temporary, supplemental grading policy as a provisional institution to momentarily supersede traditional grading as a means to—as soon as possible—return to it. This finding contrasts with the common understanding that provisional institutions operate primarily as a temporary solution to a social problem that leads to more stable and enduring, ostensibly nonprovisional institutions. The temporary grading policy, the authors argue, constitutes a “late-stage” provisional institution and, with this new lens, subsequently characterize the more commonplace understanding of provisional institutions as “early-stage.” This contribution has theoretical implications for studies of institutions and empirical implications for research on shared governance and disruption in higher education.

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Lessons learned from a search for common ground

Phi Delta Kappan ◽

10.1177/0031721721992562 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 102 (5) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Rick Hess ◽

Pedro Noguera

Keyword(s):

School Choice ◽

Common Ground ◽

Social And Emotional Learning ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Teachers College ◽

Social And Emotional ◽

Education Leaders ◽

K 12 ◽

Common Understanding

In 2020, Rick Hess and Pedro Noguera engaged in a long-running correspondence that tackled many of the biggest questions in education — including topics like school choice, equity and diversity, testing, privatization, the achievement gap, social and emotional learning, and civics. They sought to unpack their disagreements, better understand one another’s perspectives, and seek places of agreement or points of common understanding. Their correspondence appears in their book, A Search for Common Ground: Conversations About the Toughest Questions in K-12 Education (Teachers College Press, 2021). In this article, they reflect on the exercise, what they learned from it, and what lessons it might offer to educators, education leaders, researchers, and policy makers.

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Social Development and Police Reform: Some Reflections on the Concept and Purpose of Policing and the Implications for Reform in the UK and USA

Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice ◽

10.1093/police/paaa087 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Williams ◽

Craig Paterson

Keyword(s):

Social Development ◽

Conceptual Understanding ◽

Critical Question ◽

Police Reform ◽

Liberal Democratic ◽

The Usa ◽

Anglo American ◽

The Uk ◽

Common Understanding

Abstract The increase in calls for police reform following the death of George Floyd has led to renewed debate about social inequality and the role of policing in society. Modern bureaucratic police systems emerged from locally administered structures and Anglo-American policing models continue to be aligned, to varying degrees, with the political, socio-cultural, legal, and ideological aspects of contemporary liberal democratic society with its emphasis on democratic localism and decentralised accountability. However, at a time when society is reimagining itself and technology, government, and nations are radically re-shaping themselves, a critical question is whether there is a sufficiently common philosophical and conceptual understanding of policing to support its development rather than just a common understanding of police functions. This is profoundly important when considering the current calls for reform of policing in the USA and other western democratic states. The article argues that there is an urgent need to reconsider how we conceptualize policing and its relationship with social development.

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Report on the CHIIR 2019 Second Workshop on Evaluation of Personalisation in Information Retrieval (WEPIR 2019)

ACM SIGIR Forum ◽

10.1145/3458537.3458541 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 29-37

Author(s):

Gareth J. F. Jones ◽

Nicholas J. Belkin ◽

Séamus Lawless ◽

Gabriella Pasi

Keyword(s):

Information Retrieval ◽

Information Interaction ◽

Further Development ◽

Common Understanding

The Second Workshop on Evaluation of Personalisation in Information Retrieval (WEPIR 2019) was held in conjunction with the ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction & Retrieval (CHIIR 2019) in Glasgow, Scotland. WEPIR 2019 followed on from the first WEPIR held at CHIIR 2018. The purpose of the workshop was again to bring together researchers from different backgrounds, interested in advancing the evaluation of personalisation in information retrieval. The workshop focused on further development of a common understanding of the challenges, requirements and practical limitations of personalisation in information retrieval and its evaluation.

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Report on the CyCAT winter school on fairness, accountability, transparency and ethics (FATE) in AI

ACM SIGIR Forum ◽

10.1145/3476415.3476419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Styliani Kleanthous ◽

Jahna Otterbacher ◽

Jo Bates ◽

Fausto Giunchiglia ◽

Frank Hopfgartner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Search Engines ◽

Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽

Hands On ◽

Winter School ◽

Common Understanding ◽

Holistic Manner

The first FATE Winter School, organized by the Cyprus Center for Algorithmic Transparency (CyCAT) provided a forum for both students as well as senior researchers to examine the complex topic of Fairness, Accountability, Transparency and Ethics (FATE). Through a program that included two invited keynotes, as well as sessions led by CyCAT partners across Europe and Israel, participants were exposed to a range of approaches on FATE, in a holistic manner. During the Winter School, the team also organized a hands-on activity to evaluate a tool-based intervention where participants interacted with eight prototypes of bias-aware search engines. Finally, participants were invited to join one of four collaborative projects coordinated by CyCAT, thus furthering common understanding and interdisciplinary collaboration on this emerging topic.

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