The effect of salinity on the composition of fatty acid double-bond isomers andsn-1/sn-2 positional distribution in membrane phospholipids of a moderately halophilic eubacterium

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Sutton ◽  
Peter J. Quinn ◽  
Nicholas J. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Bond Isomers

TRIGLYCERIDE COMPOSITION OF SIXTEEN STRAINS OF MARINE DIATOM

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily M.G. Panggabean ◽  
Abdullah Rasyid ◽  
Zarrah Duniani ◽  
Yana Meliana ◽  
Indah Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectra Analysis

Trigliceride or triacylglicerol (TAG) composition in crude oil of sixteen strain of marine diatom has been detected by spectra analyses on an Electrospray - Ion Trap – Mass Spectrometry (ESI-IT-MS) HCT Bruker-Daltonic GmbH instrument with AgNO3 used as coordination ionization agent. Biomass samples of each microalga strain were taken from early and late stationary cultures in f/2 enriched seawater and algal oils were extracted according to Bligh and Dyer. Results from spectra analysis showed that P-Pt-P (C16:0-C16:1-C16:0) were distinguished in TAG from diatom strains Chaetoceros sp.1, Chaetoceros sp.2, Thalasiossira sp.1, Thalasiossira sp.2, Thalasiossira sp.3, Navicula sp. 1, Navicula sp. 2, Navicula sp. 3, Navicula sp. 4, Nitzschia sp. 2 and Amphora sp. In contrast, TAGs in Melosira sp. included P-P-P (C16:0-C16:0-C16:0) and P-P-O (C16:0-C16:0-C18:1) were identified. TAGs from Chaetoceros sp. were the most varies among samples, i.e. P-Pt-P (C16:0-C16:1-C16:0), A-P-M (C20:4-C16:0-C14:0), P-Pt-Lt (C16:0-C16:1-C18:3), P-Pt-A (C16:0-C16:1-C20:4), D-P-P (C22:6-C16:0-C16:0), A-Ln-P (C20:4-C18:2-C16:0). Various TAGs were also detected in Nitzschia sp.2, i.e. P-Pt-M (C16:0-C16:1-C14:0), P-Pt-P (C16:0-C16:1-C16:0), P-Pt-S (C16:0-C16:1-C18:0), P-Pt-A (C16:0-C16:1-C20:4). TAGs composition in Skeletonema strains that similar to those in Nitzschia sp.1 has longer carbon, i.e. P-P-O (C16:0-C16:0-C18:1), P-O-O (C16:0-C18:1-C18:1) and O-O-O (C18:1-C18:1-C18:1). TAGs with longer carbon chain and more double bond including highly unsaturated fatty acid C20:4 were increased with culture age in diatoms Chaetoceros sp.1, Chaetoceros sp.2, Thalasiossira sp.2, Navicula sp.1 and Nitzschia sp. 2.Keywords: diatom, TAG, ESI-IT-MS, f/2, early and late stationary

Effects of Conjugated Double Bond Derivatives of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on Serum Lipids in Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Young Kim ◽  
Sung-Hee Kim ◽  
Gyeong-Eup Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Derivatives Of

scholarly journals Fatty acid positional distribution (sn-2 fatty acids) and phospholipid composition in Chinese breast milk from colostrum to mature stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wu ◽  
Runying Gao ◽  
Fang Tian ◽  
Yingyi Mao ◽  
Bei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Feeding Time

AbstractThis study quantified the fatty acid profile with emphasis on the stereo-specifically numbered (sn) 2 positional distribution in TAG and the composition of main phospholipids at different lactation stages. Colostrum milk (n 70), transitional milk (n 96) and mature milk (n 82) were obtained longitudinally from healthy lactating women in Shanghai. During lactation, total fatty acid content increased, with SFA dominating in fatty acid profile. A high ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA was observed as 11:1 over lactation due to the abundance of linoleic acid in Chinese human milk. As the main SFA, palmitic acid showed absolute sn-2 selectivity, while oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, the main unsaturated fatty acids, were primarily esterified at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. Nervonic acid and C22 PUFA including DHA were more enriched in colostrum with an sn-2 positional preference. A total of three dominant phospholipids (phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)) were analysed in the collected samples, and each showed a decline in amount over lactation. PC was the dominant compound followed by SM and PE. With prolonged breast-feeding time, percentage of PE in total phospholipids remained constant, but PC decreased, and SM increased. Results from this study indicated a lipid profile different from Western reports and may aid the development of future infant formula more suitable for Chinese babies.

scholarly journals TAMI-55. THE EVOLUTIONARY ENIGMA OF FATTY ACID DESATURATION IN GLIOBLASTOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii225-ii225
Author(s):  
Nicole Oatman ◽  
Julie Reisz ◽  
Angelo D’Alessandro ◽  
Biplab Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturation ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Storage Lipids ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Unexpected Findings

Abstract Fatty acid desaturation is an enzymatic reaction in which a double bond is introduced into an acyl chain. Of the four functionally distinct desaturase subfamilies, the First Desaturase Family of enzymes introduce the first double bond into a saturated fatty acid, resulting in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). MUFA are essential components of membrane and storage lipids and exert a profound influence on the fluidity of biological membranes. A disequilibrium in saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio alters cell growth, differentiation and response to external stimuli, and thus affects a range of pathologies including cancer. The most abundant and key First Desaturase Family enzyme is the delta 9 desaturate called Stearoyl Co-A Desaturase (SCD and SCD5 in humans, and SCD1-4 in mice). SCD desaturates Stearoyl-CoA (C18) and palmitoyl-CoA (C16) to oleoyl-CoA (C18:1) and palmitoyl-CoA (C16:1), respectively. Besides SCD, the only known First Desaturase in mammals with dual function is FADS2 which desaturates palmitate to Sapienate (C16:1, a positional isomer of palmitoleate) in skin cells. A recent study showed that some cancer cells can use FADS2 to bypass the SCD reaction. SCD and SCD5 are by far the most abundant desaturases expressed in the human brain. We made an unexpected discovery that SCD undergoes monoallelic codeletion with PTEN on chromosome 10, and is also highly methylated in glioblastoma (GBM). More surprisingly, all GBM cell lines with SCD codeletion/methylation (that expressed very little SCD protein) are completely resistant to SCD/SCD5 inhibition, yet their phospholipids contained abundant oleic acid. It is unknown if GBMs bypassed SCD, but retained the delta 9 desaturation reaction through a novel enzymatic activity. Our targeted and untargeted metabolomics studies revealed unexpected findings that cannot be explained by conventional wisdom, and may lead to identification of novel lipogenic targets in GBM.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin and rosuvasta tin on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte membranes in patients with unstable angina

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
T.V. Bogdan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Stabilization Of Membranes ◽  
Dynamic Structures

Numerous studies have demonstrated the superiority of rosuvastatin over other statins in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It has been proven that rosuvastatin is more effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with cardiovascular disease than other members of this drug group. Despite the known mechanisms of action of statins on blood lipids, their effective use in patients with cardiovascular disease, as well as side effects, the influence of these drugs on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte (LC) membrane phospholipids in patients with ischemic heart disease remains unexplored. The results of the studies cited in the article indicate that, in patients with unstable angina who received the therapy that included rosuvastatin, unlike patients receiving the basic treatment with atorvastatin, the relative phosphate lipid contents of palmitic, stearic, and stearin arachidonic polyunsaturated fatty acids and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids are normalized, which testifies to the stabilization of membranes as dynamic structures.

scholarly journals Dietary fat and the diabetic state alter insulin binding and the fatty acyl composition of the adipocyte plasma membrane

1988 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Field ◽  
E A Ryan ◽  
A B Thomson ◽  
M T Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Diabetic State

Control and diabetic rats were fed on semi-purified high-fat diets providing a polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio (P/S) of 1.0 or 0.25, to examine the effect of diet on the fatty acid composition of major phospholipids of the adipocyte plasma membrane. Feeding the high-P/S diet (P/S = 1.0) compared with the low-P/S diet (P/S = 0.25) increased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids in both control and diabetic animals. The diabetic state decreased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid, in adipocyte membrane phospholipids. The decrease in arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids of diabetic animals tended to be normalized to within the control values when high-P/S diets were given. For control animals, altered plasma-membrane composition was associated with change in insulin binding, suggesting that change in plasma-membrane composition may have physiological consequences for insulin-stimulated functions in the adipocyte.

Phase transitions in fatty acid monolayers containing a single double bond in the fatty acid tail

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M Hifeda ◽  
G.W Rayfield
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond
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