A multivariate study of the relationship between the genetic code and the physical-chemical properties of amino acids

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sjöström ◽  
Svante Wold
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Multivariate Study ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Mosaic representations of odors in the input and output layers of the mouse olfactory bulb

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggoo Chae ◽  
Daniel Kepple ◽  
Walter G. Bast ◽  
Venkatesh N. Murthy ◽  
Alexei Koulakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Response Variance ◽  
Chemical Descriptors ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Odor Space ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe elementary stimulus features encoded by the olfactory system remain poorly understood. We examined the relationship between 1,666 physical-chemical descriptors of odors and the activity of olfactory bulb inputs as well as outputs in awake mice. Glomerular and M/T cell responses were sparse and locally heterogeneous, with only a coarse dependence of glomerular positions on physical-chemical properties. Odor features represented by ensembles of M/T cells were overlapping, but distinct from those represented in glomeruli, consistent with extensive interplay between feedforward and feedback inputs to the bulb. This reformatting was well-described as a rotation in odor space. The descriptors accounted for a small fraction in response variance, and the similarity of odors in physical-chemical space was a poor predictor of similarity in neuronal representations. Our results suggest that commonly used physical-chemical properties are not systematically represented in bulbar activity and encourage further search for better descriptors of odor space.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Biofilm and Physical-Chemical Properties of Implant Abutment Materials for Successful Dental Implants

Materials ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3651-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica de Avila ◽  
Rafael de Molon ◽  
Carlos Vergani ◽  
Francisco de Assis Mollo, Jr. ◽  
Vehid Salih
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals NeoCoV Is Closer to MERS-CoV than SARS-CoV

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863372093071
Author(s):  
Mohamed M Hassan ◽  
Mohamed A Hussain ◽  
Sumaya Kambal ◽  
Ahmed A Elshikh ◽  
Osama R Gendeel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Structural Formula ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, Coronavirus has been given considerable attention from the biomedical community based on the emergence and isolation of a deadly coronavirus infecting human. To understand the behavior of the newly emerging MERS-CoV requires knowledge at different levels (epidemiologic, antigenic, and pathogenic), and this knowledge can be generated from the most related viruses. In this study, we aimed to compare between 3 species of Coronavirus, namely Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV), and NeoCoV regarding whole genomes and 6 similar proteins (E, M, N, S, ORF1a, and ORF1ab) using different bioinformatics tools to provide a better understanding of the relationship between the 3 viruses at the nucleotide and amino acids levels. All sequences have been retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Regards to target genomes’ phylogenetic analysis showed that MERS and SARS-CoVs were closer to each other compared with NeoCoV, and the last has the longest relative time. We found that all phylogenetic methods in addition to all parameters (physical and chemical properties of amino acids such as the number of amino acid, molecular weight, atomic composition, theoretical pI, and structural formula) indicated that NeoCoV proteins were the most related to MERS-CoV one. All phylogenetic trees (by both maximum-likelihood and neighbor-joining methods) indicated that NeoCoV proteins have less evolutionary changes except for ORF1a by just maximum-likelihood method. Our results indicated high similarity between viral structural proteins which are responsible for viral infectivity; therefore, we expect that NeoCoV sooner may appear in human-related infection.

scholarly journals Probability of Change in Life: amino acid changes in single nucleotide substitutions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok-Fong Chan ◽  
Stelios Koukouravas ◽  
Joshua Yi Yeo ◽  
Darius Wen-Shuo Koh ◽  
Samuel Ken-En Gan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Universal Genetic Code ◽  
Stop Codons ◽  
Charged Amino Acids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Statistical Mechanism ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTMutations underpin the processes in life, be it beneficial or detrimental. While mutations are assumed to be random in the bereft of selection pressures, the genetic code has underlying computable probabilities in amino acid phenotypic changes. With a wide range of implications including drug resistance, understanding amino acid changes is important. In this study, we calculated the probabilities of substitutions mutations in the genetic code leading to the 20 amino acids and stop codons. Our calculations reveal an enigmatic in-built self-preserving organization of the genetic code that averts disruptive changes at the physicochemical properties level. These changes include changes to start, aromatic, negative charged amino acids and stop codons. Our findings thus reveal a statistical mechanism governing the relationship between amino acids and the universal genetic code.

Synthesis and physical chemical properties of 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethoxy)butanoic acid – a CF3O-containing analogue of natural lipophilic amino acids

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Kondratov ◽  
Ivan G. Logvinenko ◽  
Nataliya A. Tolmachova ◽  
Roman N. Morev ◽  
Maria A. Kliachyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Physical Chemical

The new enantiopure CF3O-homoserines might be promising surrogates of natural α-amino acids.

scholarly journals Expanding Genetic Code Expansion through Resource Facilities, Workshops, and Conferences

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. James Petersson ◽  
Ryan A. Mehl ◽  
Christopher A. Ahern
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Genetic Code Expansion

Genetic Code Expansion (GCE) enables the encoding of amino acids with diverse chemical properties. This approach has tremendous potential to advance biological discoveries in basic research, medical, and industrial settings. Given the multiple technical approaches and the associated research activities used to achieve GCE, herein we have taken the opportunity to describe ongoing out-reach efforts in the GCE community. These include Resource Facilities that nucleate expertise and reagents within a specific GCE discipline, hands-on Workshops to provide GCE training, and GCE Conferences which bring the community together in a collegial setting. The overall goal of these activities is to accelerate the integration of GCE approaches into more research settings and to facilitate solutions to common technical hurdles.

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