Problems of reequipping of X-ray diagnostic services in the russian federation

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-359
Author(s):  
N. N. Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Russian Federation

THE PROGRESSIVE PHENOTYPE OF PNEUMOCONIOSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Y. Gorblyansky ◽  
◽  
M.A. Panova ◽  
O.P. Ponamareva
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract: The prevalence of progressive forms of pneumoconiosis in the Russian Federation has been little studied. At the same time, the number of workers exposed to silicon dioxide, both in our country and abroad, is not decreasing. The purpose of our research to determine the criteria for the progression of pneumoconiosis in miners. A retrospective analysis of the results of a comprehensive medical examination of 150 miners of the Rostov region, observed in the center of occupational pathology, was carried out. All patients underwent radiography, computed tomography of the chest organs, and spirometry. X-ray description of the changes was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the ILO. As a result, 24.5% had statistically significant signs of negative dynamics of functional and radiological indicators, which we referred to the criteria of progression. Thus, the progression of pneumoconiosis is determined by the negative dynamics of clinical and radiological parameters.

scholarly journals Analysis of doctors of different specialties staffing in the Russian Federation and abroad

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
I.V. Shakhabov ◽  
◽  
Y.Y. Melnikov ◽  
A.V. Smyshlyaev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The aim of the research is to analyze the indicators of medical personnel of various specialties staffing in the Russian Federation and abroad. Material and methods. The data from Rosstat in the field of healthcare were used. The proportion of doctors of various specialties was calculated. Descriptive statistics method was used; indicators trend analysis was carried out. Results. The indicator of staffing by doctors of all specialties per 10,000 population in the studied period had a downward trend (-4.3%). The largest decrease occurred among pediatricians (-36.0%). Less decrease concerns obstetricians and gynecologists (-1.7%), psychiatrists and psychiatrists and narcologists (-11.7%), phthisiatricians (-16.6%). An increase was registered among therapeutists (except GP) (+ 1.8%), (family) GP (+ 14.2%), surgeons except anesthesiologists and resuscitators (+ 4.0%), X-ray specialists and radiologists (+15, 3%), and dentists (+ 2.3%). The indicator was stable among ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists, dermato-venereologists, and exercise therapy doctors. The proportion of therapeutists (except GPs) and GPs tended to increase and amounted 1.7% and 22.8%, respectively, by the end of the studied period. The indicator increased among surgeons except anesthesiologists and resuscitators, obstetricians and gynecologists, ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists, X-ray specialists and radiologists, exercise therapy doctors, and dentists. The decrease was registered in pediatricians, psychiatrists and psychiatrists and narcologists, phthisiatricians, dermato-venereologists. The Russian Federation occupies a leading position compared to foreign countries in terms of staffing by doctors (per 100,000 population). Conclusion. To implement personnel policy in healthcare, it is necessary to pay attention not only to quantitative indicators providing population with doctors, but to qualitative ones as well. It is necessary to balance the ratio of doctors of different specialties to form a sustainable national health system. Scientifically based mechanism for specialist’s distribution should be developed.

scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE UNIFIED SYSTEM OF INDIVIDUAL DOSE CONTROL OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CITIZENS BASED ON THE 2017 DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Barkovsky ◽  
R. R. Akhmatdinov ◽  
R. R. Akhmatdinov ◽  
N. K. Baryshkov ◽  
A. M. Biblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Individual Dose ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Dose Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Staff Group ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Group B

The article presents the results of the generalized analysis of the data on staff, patient, and public doses from ionizing radiation obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control for 2017. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual data from the forms of Federal State Statistical. Observation No.1-DOZ (staff individual doses), No.2-DOZ (doses from radiation accidents), No.3-DOZ (patient doses) and No.4- DOZ (public doses from natural and technogenically impacted background). The information is submitted by the organizations and territories under the supervision of the Rospotrebnadzor and FMBA of the Russian Federation. The article is based on the data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene passportization. In 2017, 18 324 organizations working with the artificial radiation sources submitted the form No.1-DOZ. The form No.1-DOZ contains data on 235 271 staff individual doses, 215 290 of the staff group A and 19 981 the staff group B with individual monitoring. In 2017, the average individual dose for the staff group A was 1,23 mSv, the staff group B – 0,67 mSv. In 2017, 13 036 healthcare organizations submitted the form No.3- DOZ. According to the No.3-DOZ data, more than 286 mln. X-ray procedures were conducted in the Russian Federation in 2017. An average dose per capita from medical exposure was 0,55 mSv/year and a mean dose per an X-ray examination was 0,28 mSv. In 2017, the form No.4-DOZ contained data on 8 130 measurements of gamma-radiation dose rate in wooden houses, 1 557 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 126 550 measurements in multi-storey stone houses and 178 138 measurements on the open ground As well as the results of 4 417 measurements of radon concentration levels in wooden houses, 5 971 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 57 461 measurements in multi-storey stone houses. The public average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources corresponded to 3.34 mSv/year, the average values for the subjects of the Russian Federation fall in the range from 2,15 mSv/year (Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to 8,9 mSv/year (Altai republic). The article includes the Annexes with the final generalized forms of the Unified System of Individual Dose Control in 2017 based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 3- and 4-DOZ of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE OF PREPAREDNESS OF THE ROSPOTREBNADZOR INSTITUTIONS FOR PROVISION OF THE RADIATION SAFETY FOR THE 2018 WORLD FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Saprykin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Full Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Control ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sport Facilities

This study is focused on the main activities on provision of the radiation safety as a part of sanitary surveillance and radiation terrorism counteraction during the 2018 World Football Championship. The main activities at the preparatory stage are collection and analysis of information on the potentially dangerous sources of ionizing radiation in the regions of the Russian Federation hosting the 2018 World Football Championship; control of compliance to the sanitary rules of the projects of the allocation of X-ray screening units and their commissioning; radiation control as a part of the commissioning of the sport facilities after construction/reconstruction; sanitary control of the allocation of X-ray screening units on the sport and infrastructure facilities; organization-methodical activities. During the World Football Championship it is planned to carry out the radiation control in monitoring points and the control of the concentration of radionuclides in water and food stuff samples. In the framework of the radiation terrorism countermeasures, the main activities of the provision of the radiation safety are the radiation control on the infrastructure facilities, remote points of inspection and entry points to the sport facilities; full-time emergency preparedness. A brief evaluation of the equipment of the Rospotrebnadzor radiation control laboratories in the regions of the Russian Federation hosting the 2018 World Football Championship and their preparedness for the provision of the radiation safety is also presented in the paper.

SOME PROBLEMS THAT ARISE IN REMAND PRISON ACTIVITIESFOR ACTIONS AIMED AT DETECTION AND SEIZUREOF MOBILE COMMUNICATION FACILITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Светлана Валентиновна Михеева ◽  
Денис Владимирович Шлепанов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Penal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Metal Detectors ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Detention Facilities

Одним из проблемных вопросов, возникающих при функционированнии следственных изоляторов в России, является наличие в незаконном пользовании у лиц, содержащихся под стражей, запрещенных к использованию, хранению и приобретению предметов, в частности средств мобильной связи, а также апгрейдов, обеспечивающих их более широкий спектр действия и работу. В целях обеспечения наиболее качественного выполнения служебных задач по предупреждению поступления в незаконное пользование лицам, изолированным от общества и содержащимся в следственных изоляторах, средств мобильной связи помимо установленного на контрольно-пропускных пунктах по пропуску людей оборудования, использующегося для досмотра, в ряде учреждений широко применяются рентген-установки для досмотра как личных вещей, так и ручной клади. Кроме того, на объектах оборудованы отсекающие тамбуры, используемые для хранения личных вещей сотрудников учреждения и лиц, его посещающих. Несомненно, обеспечение учреждений обозначенными техническими средствами финансово затратно, учитывая сокращение финансирования ФСИН России, при этом фактов проноса запрещенных предметов на территорию следственных изоляторов меньше не становится. Проникновение запрещенных предметов на территорию следственных изоляторов УИС происходит, как правило, в уязвимых для этого местах (сокрытие под одеждой, в медицинских протезах и т. д.). Передача или попытка передачи запрещенных предметов, изделий и веществ признается оконченным правонарушением в тот момент, когда совершены действия, прямо направленные на их доставку, то есть они были пронесены на территорию режимного объекта. One of the most urgent problems of the activity of the investigative isolators of the Penal System of the Russian Federation is the fight against the entry of prohibited items into places of detention, especially mobile communication devices and their accessories. In order to increase the effectiveness of activities aimed at preventing the entry of prohibited items into the territory of pre-trial detention facilities in the penitentiary system, in addition to stationary metal detectors, x-ray scanners are installed at checkpoints for the inspection of personal belongings and hand Luggage. Facilities for storing personal belongings of the staff of the institution and persons who arrived to visit it are provided at the facilities of the penitentiary system in parallel with the cut-off vestibules of the checkpoint. Of course, providing institutions that execute sentences with these technical means is financially costly, given the reduction in funding for the Federal penitentiary service of Russia. However, there are no fewer cases of prohibited items being brought into the territory of pre-trial detention facilities. The penetration of prohibited items into the territory of pre-trial detention centers of the penal system usually occurs in vulnerable places (hiding under clothing, in medical prostheses, etc.). the Transfer or attempt to transfer prohibited items, products and substances is considered a completed offense at the moment when actions directly aimed at their delivery are committed, that is, they were carried into the territory of a secure facility.

scholarly journals Modern principles of the radiation protection from sources of ionizing radiation in medicine. Part 1: Trends, structure of x-ray diagnostics and doses from medical exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Onischenko ◽  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
I. K. Romanovich ◽  
A. V. Vodovatov ◽  
N. S. Bashketova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Collective Dose ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Exposure

Implementation of modern highly informative methods of X-ray diagnostics (computed tomography, interventional examinations, nuclear medicine), associated with the increase of doses to the public and patients, requires the development and improvement of the existing system of the radiation protection from medical exposure. Despite the prevalence of the traditional imaging modalities in the structure of X-ray diagnostics in the Russian Federation (radiography and fluorography compose up to 95% out of 280 mln. X-ray examinations performed in 2017), the major contribution into the collective dose from medical exposure is due to the computed tomography (50,5%). Comparison of the structure of X-ray diagnostics in the Russian Federation with European Union indicates the absence of fluorography examinations and significantly (up to a factor of 5) higher contribution of computed tomography in European countries. An average collective dose from medical exposure in European countries is composed of 80% of computed tomography and of 10% of nuclear medicine; a mean effective dose per X-ray examination are higher up to a factor of 3 compared to Russia. The analysis of the trends of the development of the X-ray diagnostic in the Russian Federation allows predicting a further increase of the number of computer tomography, interventional and nuclear medicine examinations as well as an increase of the collective dose from medical exposure up to a factor of two in the  next decade. This will be associated with changes in the structure of the X-ray diagnostics and an increase of the mean effective doses from X-ray examinations.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURE AND COLLECTIVE DOSE FROM CT EXAMINATIONS RELATED TO COVID-19 DIAGNOSTICS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN MARCH -JUNE 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vodovatov ◽  
Ivan K Romanovich ◽  
Olga A Istorik ◽  
Lyudmila A Eremina ◽  
Sergey Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Collective Dose ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Exposure ◽  
Operative Assessment

The use of computed tomography (CT) for the diagnostics of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation led to significant changes in the structure of X-ray diagnostics and levels of medical exposure of the patients. This study was aimed at the preliminary operative assessment of changes in the structure and collective dose from CT examinations in several representative hospitals, regions and on the level of the Russian Federation. The results of the study indicate that during the transformation of hospitals from general medical practice into dedicated COVID-19 facilities, the number of CT examinations increased up to 30%; the collective dose from CT exams increased up to a factor of 1.5. During a partial transformation of a medical facility into the hospital with separate COVID-19 departments, the increase in the number of CT examinations in the facility was more significant (up to a factor of 2 or more). These numbers correspond to 1.5 - 2.5 chest CT examinations (from 1 to 6) per patient admitted to hospital with COVID-19 diagnosis; and 1.2 chest CT examinations per patient in outpatient facilities, including a mandatory CT scan for the staging of COVID-19. The collective dose from CT examinations in the Russian Federation for March-June period of 2020 increased by the factor of 2 (from 16k man-Sv to 32k man-Sv); the collective dose of COVID-19 patients was about 12k man-Sv. For a more detailed and reliable assessment of the dynamics of changes in the structure of diagnostic radiology and levels of radiation exposure of patients in the Russian Federation, data collection in the regions of the Russian Federation and individual medical facilities will continue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document