A highly effective domestic fire retardant for fireproofing fibrous textile materials

The use of complex fire-retardant coatings based on ethyl silicate gel - diammonium hydrogen phosphate reduces the process of smoke formation during thermal exposure to treated tissue samples, which is promising for improving the fire safety of textile materials. The compositions are easy to obtain, they do not require specific processing conditions, do not contain toxic substances. This allows us to offer developed compositions for fire protection of textile materials used in facilities with a large number of people.

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RESEARCH OF FEATURES AND COMPOSITIONS OF VERMICULITE FOR USE AS SUSPENSION FIRE RETARDANT FOR TEXTILE MATERIALS

Technical science and innovation ◽

10.51346/tstu-01.20.2-77-0064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (2) ◽

pp. 64-69

Author(s):

I Khaidarov ◽

◽

R Ismailov

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Fire Resistance ◽

Orthophosphoric Acid ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Dispersed Particles ◽

Expanded Vermiculite ◽

Smoke Generation

This article presents studies of fire resistance in the treatment of expanded vermiculite, which depends on the size of the dispersed particles and the orientation of the granules, their moisture and temperature. It has been studied that one of the interesting and important in practice properties of vermiculite is its ability to swell and turn into a lightweight effective material for imparting fire resistance. The properties and compositions of vermiculite from the Tebinbulak deposit are studied, from which a flame-retardant suspension is prepared for processing textile materials based on vermiculite dissolved in orthophosphoric acid and alkali in an aqueous medium. When modifying materials with developed flame-retardant suspensions, it is possible to obtain fire-resistant textile materials that meet the requirements of GOST for fire resistance, smoke generation and other physical and mechanical properties.

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Utilization of Waste Leather Powders for Highly Effective Removal of Dyes from Water

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11111786 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1786 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Liangjun Xia ◽

Chen Li ◽

Sijie Zhou ◽

Zhuan Fu ◽

Yun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Reactive Dyes ◽

Infrared Analysis ◽

Leather Industry ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Effective Removal ◽

Highly Effective ◽

Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽

Pseudo Second Order

As a natural polymer, leather and its associated industries are known to be the leading economic sector in many countries. However, the huge amounts of leather waste generated from the leather industry causes severe environmental pollution. Herein, cow leather (CL) powders were prepared using a homemade machine and used as a low-cost adsorbent for the effective removal of reactive dyes from wastewater. The as-prepared CL powders exhibited dot-like, rod-like, and fiber-like morphologies. A Fourier transform infrared analysis and an x-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the CL powders retained the main structure of the protein contained in it. In addition, an improvement in thermal stability was also observed for the CL powders. Dye adsorption experiments indicate that the CL powders showed the highly effective removal of C.I. Reactive Red 120 (RR120), C.I. Reactive Yellow 127 (RY127), and C.I. Reactive Blue 222 (RB222) with the adsorption capacity of 167.0, 178.9, and 129.6 mg·g−1, respectively. The Langmuir, pseudo-second order, and intraparticle diffusion models could well depict the adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of CL powders toward the investigated reactive dyes. The as-prepared CL powders can be used as a potential adsorbent in the treatment of dye contaminated wastewater. Future studies will mainly focus on the application of the adsorbed CL powders for the pigment printing of textile materials.

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Effect of Fire-Retardant Treatment on the Structure of the Cotton Fiber

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100094309 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 210-211

Author(s):

W. R. Goynes ◽

L. L. Muller ◽

E. K. Boylston

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Cotton Fiber ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Fire Retardancy ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Natural Properties ◽

Phosphorus Containing ◽

Research Goal ◽

Flammable Material

The production of textile materials with reduced flammability is a research goal necessitated by the desire to reduce accidental burnings, as well as the need to meet increasingly strong legislative regulations. Cotton is normally a flammable material. A suitable fire-retardant treatment must give the fabric resistance to flaming and afterglow without detracting from the desirable natural properties of the cotton fiber. Generally, phosphorus-containing materials are very effective fire retardants. In situ polymerization of phosphorus-containing polymers on the surface and within a fiber is a practical means of imparting some degree of fire-retardancy.Tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium hydroxide (THPOH) can be formed from the reaction of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride with sodium hydroxide.

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ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF FIREPROOF COMPOSITIONS FOR STRUCTURES WITH TEXTILE FUEL PRODUCTS

Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engennering and Architecture ◽

10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-93-101 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 93-101

Author(s):

Yu. Tsapko ◽

◽

А. Tsapko ◽

O. Bondarenko ◽

M. Suhanevich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fire Protection ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Textile Material ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Coke Layer ◽

Sample Damage ◽

Textile Products

The results of experimental studies on the effectiveness of fire protection of easily erected structures made of flammable textile products are presented. An analysis of the directions of use of easily erected structures made of flammable textile products indicates a steady trend towards an increase in their use during the temporary fulfillment of certain tasks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and units of the. During the heating of such structures, ignition and rapid spread of fire are possible. The operating statistics for easily erected structures have found a low level of safety due to the use of natural fibers (e.g., linen, cotton and blends), which are highly sensitive to heat and fire. Reduction of combustibility and the development of non-combustible and non-combustible materials is one of the main directions for preventing fires and solving the problem of expanding the scope of these materials. Treatment with fire protection means significantly affects the spread of the flame, allows you to reduce the smoke-generating ability and heat release significantly. After the test, it can be seen that the sample of the textile material sustains spontaneous combustion for more than 5 s; sample damage is more than 150 mm. After the test, it is clear that the sample of textile material does not support self-combustion for no more than 5 s; sample damage is no more than 100 mm. The inhibition of the process of ignition and flame propagation for such a sample is associated with the decomposition of fire retardants under the influence of temperature with the absorption of heat and the release of incombustible gases (nitrogen, carbon dioxide), a change in the direction of decomposition towards the formation of incombustible gases and a hardly combustible coke residue. This leads to an increase in the thickness of the coke layer and inhibition of the heat transfer of the high-temperature flame to the material, which indicates the possibility of the transition of textile materials during processing with a fire retardant composition to materials that are non-combustible, which do not spread the flame by the surface.

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Study of fireproof properties of textile materials safe when in contact with human skin

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199703013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 03013

Author(s):

Natalia Konstantinova ◽

Tatyana Eremina ◽

Irina Kuznetsova

Keyword(s):

Human Skin ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Main Stage ◽

Optimum Ratio ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Phosphorus Containing ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

Special Studies ◽

Selection Of

The methods of surface fire retardant treatment of textile materials (TM) and the chemical basis of the fire retardants used are considered. The possibility of developing a fire retardant composition for tissues that would not adversely affect the human skin upon contact has been studied. To determine the degree of danger of contact and of the penetration of chemicals through skin in contact with the fireproof TM, special studies were conducted to study the local irritating effect and resorption of the composition according to special developed laboratory methodological instructions. As the result the evidence was found that the irritating effect of the fire retardant composition developed on the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes of experimental animals was not detected. Comparative thermo analytical studies showing the effectiveness of the fire retardant action of the composition developed on the main stage of thermal decomposition of cellulose-containing TM are presented. Thus, the development of a fire retardant composition based on phosphorus-containing compounds and urea compounds and the selection of the optimum ratio of stabilizers for the processing of decorative and finishing fabrics with safe contact with human skin can be one of the effective ways to solve the problem under consideration.

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SPECIAL ASPECTS OF FIRE RETARDANT COMPOSITION SELECTION FOR TEXTILE MATERIALS

ПОЖАРОВЗРЫВОБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ◽

10.18322/pvb.2018.27.09.17-25 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 17-25

Author(s):

N. I. Konstantinova ◽

T. Yu. Eremina ◽

E. A. Nikolaeva ◽

M. M. Almenbaev

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Human Skin ◽

Fire Protection ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Fire Retardants ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Buffer Solutions ◽

Stage Of Development

Introduction. In order to reduce the fire hazard of textile materials (TM), scientific research is being carried out for the development of various methods of their fire protection. One of the directions in the field of decorative finishing TM with reduced flammability is their surface treatment with fire retardant compositions. Along with the development of fire retardants for TM, it is quite legitimate to study the effects of tissue on human skin, when in contact.Methods. At the stage of development of fire retardant compositions for surface treatment and the choice of the technology of their application, it is necessary to take into account the functional purpose of the TM, the scope of application and operational requirements.Discussion. In developing a fire retardant composition for surface treatment of TM that are in contact with human skin, the authors proposed the use of a number of phosphorus-containing compounds, which are effective fire retardants. However, a significant disadvantage of such compounds is their instability, decomposition and dissociation over time, which leads to irritation of the skin in direct contact with the material. Therefore, research has been carried out and optimal chemical compositions of stabilizers, buffer solutions and their ratios in the fire retardant have been selected. Their use for surface treatment of TM on acellulosic basis makes the TM resistant to ignition and does not adversely affect the skin of a person in direct contact.Conclusions. Based on the experimental data obtained, it follows that one of the possible ways to solve the problem of developing effective fire protection means that meet the requirements of normative documents in the field of fire safety and sanitary hygiene may be modification of compounds based on carbamide compounds with the selection of appropriate stabilizers and buffer solutions.

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THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROPHOBIC COATING ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FIRE PROTECTION OF TEXTILE MATERIALS

Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engennering and Architecture ◽

10.31650/2415-377x-2021-85-119-127 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 119-127

Author(s):

Yu. Tsapko ◽

◽

O. Bondarenko ◽

А. Tsapko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fire Protection ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Protective Layer ◽

Water Repellent ◽

Complete Combustion ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Hydrophobic Coating ◽

Heat Penetration ◽

Full Scale Tests ◽

Fabric Structures

Abstract. The analysis of fire-retardant materials for fabrics is carried out and it is established that the paucity of data for explanation and description of the process of fire protection, neglect of elastic coatings, leads to ignition of fabric structures under the action of flame. The development of reliable methods for studying the conditions of fire protection of fabrics leads to the creation of new types of fire protective materials. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the conditions for the formation of a barrier both for high temperatures and for leaching in the presence of precipitation and to establish a mechanism for inhibition of these processes. In this regard, full-scale tests were carried out and it was found out that when the flame is applied to untreated model samples of tent elements made of canvas fabric, the surface ignites and spreads the flame, which leads to their complete combustion within 105...120 s, instead, the model The fire-resistant sample of tent elements did not catch fire when ignited with a gasoline-based substance, and the flame did not spread. In this case, the final combustion was recorded for 3 c and the swelling of the protective coating reached 3...5 mm, and the surface was charred on an area of about 80% from the inside. When tested for fire retardant efficiency for a fire-resistant sample treated with a water repellent (5 % solution of GDJ-94), a decrease in efficiency and carbonization of the material was recorded, which amounted to 100%, and for a fire-resistant sample treated with a water repellent (5 % solution), a decrease in efficiency was recorded due to the combustion of paraffin and local burnout of the material, and carbonization was 100 %. Obviously, such a mechanism of influence of the fire-retardant coating is the factor regulating the process, which preserves the integrity of the object. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility of targeted regulation of the processes of fire protection of the fabric by applying coatings capable of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material, which inhibits the rate of heat penetration.

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Formation of Fire Retardant Properties in Elastic Silica Coatings for Textile Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1006.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1006 ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Olga Skorodumova ◽

Olena Tarakhno ◽

Olena Chebotaryova ◽

Yuliana Hapon ◽

Fatih Mehmet Emen

Keyword(s):

Phase Composition ◽

Ir Spectroscopy ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Express Method ◽

High Quality ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Silica Coatings ◽

Fire Retardant Properties ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The influence of the degree of homogeneity of the SiO2 sol on the duration of the induction period and the quality of fire-resistant coatings on textile materials was studied. The prospects of using IR spectroscopy as an express method for studying the phase composition of a gel coating, the degree of completion of the hydrolysis of an organosilicon component, and adjusting the parameters for obtaining a high-quality fire-resistant binary coating of a sol SiO2 - flame retardant system are shown.

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