Investigation of Gas Formation Processes in Cotton Fabrics Impregnated with Binary Compositions of Ethyl Silicate - Flame Retardant System

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 460-467
Author(s):  
Olga Skorodumova ◽  
Olena Tarakhno ◽  
Olena Chebotaryova ◽  
Dmitriy Saveliev ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Emen
Keyword(s):  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Gas Formation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

The use of complex fire-retardant coatings based on ethyl silicate gel - diammonium hydrogen phosphate reduces the process of smoke formation during thermal exposure to treated tissue samples, which is promising for improving the fire safety of textile materials. The compositions are easy to obtain, they do not require specific processing conditions, do not contain toxic substances. This allows us to offer developed compositions for fire protection of textile materials used in facilities with a large number of people.

scholarly journals Environmentally Friendly, High-Performance Fire Retardant Made from Cellulose and Graphite

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2400
Author(s):  
Leandra P. Santos ◽  
Douglas S. da Silva ◽  
Thais H. Morari ◽  
Fernando Galembeck
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
New Developments ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Material ◽  
Accredited Laboratory ◽  
Materials Used

Many materials and additives perform well as fire retardants and suppressants, but there is an ever-growing list of unfulfilled demands requiring new developments. This work explores the outstanding dispersant and adhesive performances of cellulose to create a new effective fire-retardant: exfoliated and reassembled graphite (ERG). This is a new 2D polyfunctional material formed by drying aqueous dispersions of graphite and cellulose on wood, canvas, and other lignocellulosic materials, thus producing adherent layers that reduce the damage caused by a flame to the substrates. Visual observation, thermal images and surface temperature measurements reveal fast heat transfer away from the flamed spots, suppressing flare formation. Pinewood coated with ERG underwent standard flame resistance tests in an accredited laboratory, reaching the highest possible class for combustible substrates. The fire-retardant performance of ERG derives from its thermal stability in air and from its ability to transfer heat to the environment, by conduction and radiation. This new material may thus lead a new class of flame-retardant coatings based on a hitherto unexplored mechanism for fire retardation and showing several technical advantages: the precursor dispersions are water-based, the raw materials used are commodities, and the production process can be performed on commonly used equipment with minimal waste.

Finishing System Based on Ultrasonic Computerized Processes for Textiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 666-671
Author(s):  
Florin Pantilimonescu ◽  
Lucian Constantin Hanganu ◽  
Mihaita Peptanariu ◽  
Stefan Grigoras ◽  
Irina Ionescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
High Work

During conventional finishing textile processes it is necessary a big consumption both of water and energy. This aspectsare is imposed by the development process of thermo and mass transfer of finishing agents into the textile structure materials applied in dentistry (fibers, yarns, fabric, nonwovens). The intensification of transfer processes into the textile materials is realized in conventional finishing textile industry (washing, cleaning, and coloring) by using high work temperature. The negative result of this intervention and the presence of chemical substances without degradation mean the environment pollution by the pour out residual water with a great quantity of toxic substances. The recently laboratory scientific research showed that the use of ultrasonic systems in finishing textile materials contributes both to the acceleration of thermo and mass transfer and to the decreasing of active chemical substances. In this way the paper presents a finishing system based on ultrasonic processes which is composed by modules and specific hardware components.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF FEATURES AND COMPOSITIONS OF VERMICULITE FOR USE AS SUSPENSION FIRE RETARDANT FOR TEXTILE MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
I Khaidarov ◽  
◽  
R Ismailov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Smoke Generation

This article presents studies of fire resistance in the treatment of expanded vermiculite, which depends on the size of the dispersed particles and the orientation of the granules, their moisture and temperature. It has been studied that one of the interesting and important in practice properties of vermiculite is its ability to swell and turn into a lightweight effective material for imparting fire resistance. The properties and compositions of vermiculite from the Tebinbulak deposit are studied, from which a flame-retardant suspension is prepared for processing textile materials based on vermiculite dissolved in orthophosphoric acid and alkali in an aqueous medium. When modifying materials with developed flame-retardant suspensions, it is possible to obtain fire-resistant textile materials that meet the requirements of GOST for fire resistance, smoke generation and other physical and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals ТЕКСТИЛЬ ДЛЯ ЗАХИСТУ ВІД ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНОГО ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
О. П. Кизимчук ◽  
С. І. Арабулі ◽  
В. І. Власенко
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Basic Production ◽  
Materials Used

Analysis  of  existing  textile  materials  used  for  electromagnetic  radiation  shielding,  their systematization, and basic production methods are the main goals of this review. Methodology. The review of scientific literature and the systematization of the results in the field "textile materials for electromagnetic interference" are the main methods used for this research.

Assessment of the mechanical properties of different textile materials used for outer shell of bulletproof vest: woven fabrics for military applications

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I.H. Fayed ◽  
Y.A. Abo El Amaim ◽  
Ossama Ramy ◽  
Doaa H. Elgohary
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Outer Shell ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Steel Core ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Bulletproof Vest ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the performance of four different textile materials used as an outer shell of the bulletproof vest. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, four different textile materials were used, polyurethane treatment was applied as a surface coating for the woven samples. Mechanical properties were conducted for all samples; scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy disperse spectroscopy were executed to show the surface morphology of samples and the chemical composition of the coating material. Findings One-way ANOVA was used to statistically analyse the results, which proved that all variables were highly significantly affected by using different textile materials, despite the stiffness variable being not significantly affected by textile materials. An overall evaluation was done using radar chart, demonstrated that Cordura material accomplished the best functional performance, using two types of calibres 7.62 × 54 mild steel core and 7.62 × 54 armour piercing incendiary; the common mechanism was localized burn because of the incendiary effect of the projectile in addition to tearing mechanism starting from inside because of penetration effect of the steel core. Originality/value This work was addressed to analyse the impact of using four different materials on its performance as the outer shell of bulletproof vest to achieve the desired degree of protection.

Development of Methodological Support for the Study of Materials’ Air Permeability

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 938-943
Author(s):  
I.A. Sheromova ◽  
A.S. Zheleznyakov
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Different Levels

The object of research of the article is the methodological and technical support for the process of studying the characteristics of ergonomic properties of materials used in the manufacture of garments, and the subject – the method for the determination of textile materials’ air permeability. The aim of the work is to simplify the method for determination of fibrous materials’ air permeability and to expand the technological capabilities of its instrument base while increasing the flexibility of the control procedure. To achieve this goal, the tasks related to the analysis of existing methods and technical means, and the development of a new method for determining the air permeability of textile materials were solved. The principal difference in the developed method is the possibility to conduct studies on the air permeability of textile materials at different levels of pressure drop on both sides of the sample, and not only in accordance with the standardized requirements. An additional advantage of the method is the possibility to create an online electronic database on the properties of materials. In comparison with analogues, the proposed method for the determination of air permeability ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data obtained, as well as facilitates the testing process by automation.

scholarly journals Technical note: Residues of gaseous air pollutants in rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek ◽  
Jacek Petkowicz ◽  
Grzegorz Buszewicz ◽  
Łukasz Wlazło ◽  
Mateusz Ossowski
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Headspace Gas Chromatography ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Perirenal Fat

The modern consumer is concerned not only for meat quality, but also about animal welfare and the environment. Studies were conducted to determine the concentration of gaseous residues in the tissues of rabbits. For this purpose, gaseous air pollutants were measured at the height of rabbit cages. Immediately after slaughter, samples were taken for analysis to determine the level of residual pollutants in the tissues (blood, perirenal fat and lung). Headspace gas chromatography was performed on the tissue samples to test for volatile toxic substances. Gas residues of 11 compounds were determined in the samples of blood, perirenal fat and lungs. The same chemicals were present in the air of the farm and the animal tissues, which may indicate their capacity for bioaccumulation. We recommend that the results should be used to develop guidelines regarding the welfare of meat rabbits and requirements for laboratory rabbits.

scholarly journals A Review on the Latest Developments of Conducting Polymer and Composite Coatings for Enhancing Biocompatibility and Corrosion Resistance of Metallic Biomedical Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Mohammed Razzaq Mohammed ◽  
Safaa Hashim Radhi ◽  
Ahmed Namah Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Materials Used

The utilisation of metals and alloys in the biomedical field was and is still of immense importance for human life. Typically, the materials used for metallic biomedical applications, particularly those are implanted in vivo, provide appropriate mechanical and biological properties that allow them to accomplish the purpose for which they are used. Nonetheless, there are some inherent limitations impede the optimal use of these materials. One of the most crucial determinants is corrosion, which results in several other problems such as the formation of toxic substances that can not only cause necrosis of the cells attached to the implant, these toxins could also be carried by blood into body tissues and organs. This in turn leads to dire consequences on patient's life. Although a wide variety of approaches may be available to address the corrosion issue, it is alleged that coating these metals and alloys with polymers, especially the conductive ones, is among the best strategies in this regard. This review will highlight the latest developments in using conductive polymers including polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and their composites in order to enhance biocompatibility, mechanical properties and most importantly corrosion protection performance of metallic implants. The findings obtained from coating 316L stainless steel, titanium and magnesium alloys, which have been widely manipulated in biomedical field as long and short-term implants, will be evaluated.

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