Amisk: A clonal variant of Ranger Russet

1995 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
D. R. Lynch ◽  
L. M. Kawchuk ◽  
C. A. Schaupmeyer ◽  
J. Holley ◽  
D. Waterer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Clonal Variant

scholarly journals Effect of the Route of Administration of the Vaccinia Virus Strain LIVP to Mice on Its Virulence and Immunogenicity

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Sergei N. Shchelkunov ◽  
Stanislav N. Yakubitskiy ◽  
Alexander A. Sergeev ◽  
Alexei S. Kabanov ◽  
Tatiana V. Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Smallpox Vaccination ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Clonal Variant

The mass smallpox vaccination campaign has played a crucial role in smallpox eradication. Various strains of the vaccinia virus (VACV) were used as a live smallpox vaccine in different countries, their origin being unknown in most cases. The VACV strains differ in terms of pathogenicity exhibited upon inoculation of laboratory animals and reactogenicity exhibited upon vaccination of humans. Therefore, each generated strain or clonal variant of VACV needs to be thoroughly studied in in vivo systems. The clonal variant 14 of LIVP strain (LIVP-14) was the study object in this work. A comparative analysis of the virulence and immunogenicity of LIVP-14 inoculated intranasally (i.n.), intradermally (i.d.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) to BALB/c mice at doses of 108, 107, and 106 pfu was carried out. Adult mice exhibited the highest sensitivity to the i.n. administered LIVP-14 strain, although the infection was not lethal. The i.n. inoculated LIVP-14 replicated efficiently in the lungs. Furthermore, this virus was accumulated in the brain at relatively high concentrations. Significantly lower levels of LIVP-14 were detected in the liver, kidneys, and spleen of experimental animals. No clinical manifestations of the disease were observed after i.d. or s.c. injection of LIVP-14 to mice. After s.c. inoculation, the virus was detected only at the injection site, while it could disseminate to the liver and lungs when delivered via i.d. administration. A comparative analysis of the production of virus-specific antibodies by ELISA and PRNT revealed that the highest level of antibodies was induced in i.n. inoculated mice; a lower level of antibodies was observed after i.d. administration of the virus and the lowest level after s.c. injection. Even at the lowest studied dose (106 pfu), i.n. or i.d. administered LIVP-14 completely protected mice against infection with the cowpox virus at the lethal dose. Our findings imply that, according to the ratio between such characteristics as pathogenicity/immunogenicity/protectivity, i.d. injection is the optimal method of inoculation with the VACV LIVP-14 strain to ensure the safe formation of immune defense after vaccination against orthopoxviral infections.

Influencing seed tuber yield of Ranger Russet and Shepody potatoes with gibberellic acid

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta J. Mikitzel
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Ranger Russet

scholarly journals Fungicide Spray Programs for Defender, A New Potato Cultivar with Resistance to Late Blight and Early Blight

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Stevenson ◽  
R. V. James ◽  
Debra Ann Inglis ◽  
Dennis A. Johnson ◽  
R. Thomas Schotzko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Progress Curve

Defender (A90586-11) is a new late blight-resistant potato cultivar which was released from the Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program in 2004. Conventional and reduced fungicide spray programs were compared on Defender and Russet Burbank (3 years) and Ranger Russet (1 year) in Wisconsin experimental field trials. Useful levels of field resistance to both late blight and early blight were observed in Defender in the absence of fungicide sprays and reduced fungicide input programs. Disease progressed slowest on Defender regardless of fungicide program, relative to Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet. Organic, conventional, and reduced fungicide spray programs also were compared on Defender and Russet Burbank in experimental greenhouse and field tests in Washington. Fungicide spray programs performed similarly on both Defender and Russet Burbank; however, area under the disease progress curve values for no-fungicide treatments were either three times (greenhouse) or six times (field) lower on Defender compared with Russet Burbank. Regardless of the fungicide program, total yield was higher for Defender than Russet Burbank. Mean economic returns associated with Defender also were higher than for Russet Burbank ($6,196 versus $4,388/ha). Fungicide and nonfungicide treatment programs generated similar returns on Defender whereas conventional and reduced fungicide programs generated comparable but higher returns than the nonfungicide program on Russet Burbank.

scholarly journals Responses of Aphid Vectors of Potato leaf roll virus to Potato Varieties

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 1812-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaonpius Mondal ◽  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Pamela J.S. Hutchinson ◽  
Jonathan L. Whitworth ◽  
Deepak Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Potato Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
Aphid Density ◽  
Aphid Abundance

Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) can reduce tuber yield and quality in potato. Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae [Sulzer]) and potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae [Thomas]) are the two most important potato-colonizing PLRV vectors in the Pacific Northwest. We compared My. persicae and Ma. euphorbiae densities and PLRV incidences among potato varieties in the field to clarify the relationships between aphid abundance and PLRV incidence in plants. Aphids were sampled weekly over three years in the potato varieties Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, and Russet Norkotah in a replicated field trial. In all years, My. persicae was more abundant than Ma. euphorbiae, representing at least 97% of samples. My. persicae densities did not differ among potato varieties across years; very low numbers of Ma. euphorbiae precluded such statistical comparisons for this species. PLRV infection did not differ significantly among potato varieties, although the percent of PLRV-infected plants differed among years when all varieties were combined (46% in 2013, 29% in 2011, 13% in 2012). For Ranger Russet and Russet Norkotah, PLRV incidence was positively correlated with aphid abundance as well as proportion of PLRV-positive aphids. In Russet Burbank, only aphid abundance was positively correlated with PLRV infection. Our results suggest that the three most commonly grown potato varieties in our region do not differ in their susceptibility to PLRV infection, and that aphid density was a consistent indicator of the risk of infection by this virus across varieties. Both of these findings can be used to hone PLRV monitoring and modeling efforts.

Potato Variety Tolerance to Flumioxazin and Sulfentrazone

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
Rick A. Boydston ◽  
Corey V. Ransom ◽  
Dennis J. Tonks ◽  
Brent R. Beutler
Keyword(s):  
Potato Variety ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
Early Injury ◽  
Russet Burbank Tuber ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Significant Injury

Field studies were conducted at Aberdeen, ID; Ontario, OR; and Paterson, WA, to evaluate potato tolerance to flumioxazin and sulfentrazone. In ‘Russet Burbank’ tolerance trials conducted in 2000 at ID, OR, and WA, sulfentrazone applied preemergence (PRE) at rates ranging from 105 to 280 g ai/ha caused significant injury consisting of stunting, leaf discoloration-blackening, and/or leaf malformation-crinkling at 4 wk after treatment (WAT). By 12 WAT, injury was ≤5%. At 4 WAT, flumioxazin applied PRE at 105 and 140 g ai/ha resulted in injury, whereas 53 g ai/ha did not cause significant injury. At 12 WAT, no visual injury was present at the ID site, whereas flumioxazin at 140 g/ha was still causing injury in WA. Regardless of initial injury, Russet Burbank tuber yields at ID, OR, and WA were not reduced as a result of any flumioxazin or sulfentrazone treatment compared with the nontreated controls. In potato variety tolerance trials conducted at ID in 2000 and at WA in 2002 with Russet Burbank, ‘Ranger Russet’, ‘Russet Norkotah’, and ‘Shepody’ and at ID in 2002 with those varieties plus ‘Alturas’ and ‘Bannock Russet’, early season injury caused by flumioxazin or sulfentrazone applied PRE at rates as high as 210 g ai/ha or 280 g/ha, respectively, occurred, but variety tuber yields were not reduced compared with nontreated control yields. In contrast, at ID in 2001, early injury caused by flumioxazin or sulfentrazone applied PRE at 105 or 210 g/ha translated to tuber yield reductions of all six varieties tested compared with the nontreated controls. At WA in 2001, Ranger Russet tuber yields were reduced by PRE applications of flumioxazin at 53 to 140 g/ha or sulfentrazone at 105 to 280 g/ha, and Shepody total tuber yields were reduced by all rates of PRE-applied sulfentrazone. Russet Burbank and Russet Norkotah tuber yields were unaffected by either herbicide. Unusual heat stress occurring early in the 2001 growing season at both locations may have compounded the effects of herbicide injury and, consequently, tuber yields were reduced in 2001, whereas injury occurring in 2000 or 2002 during relatively normal growing conditions did not translate to yield reductions.

Suppression of PLRV Titer in transgenic Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet

1995 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Brown ◽  
Oney P. Smith ◽  
V. D. Damsteegt ◽  
Ching-Pa Yang ◽  
Lee Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Ranger Russet

scholarly journals Characterization of a Multigene Family Undergoing High-Frequency DNA Rearrangements and Coding for Abundant Variable Surface Proteins in Mycoplasma agalactiae

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 4539-4548 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Glew ◽  
L. Papazisi ◽  
F. Poumarat ◽  
D. Bergonier ◽  
R. Rosengarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Variation ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Dna Rearrangements ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Mycoplasma Agalactiae ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Clonal Variant ◽  
Variable Surface

ABSTRACT A family of abundant surface proteins (Vpmas [variable proteins ofMycoplasma agalactiae]) undergoing phase variation inM. agalactiae has been characterized using monoclonal antibodies and specific polyclonal sera. Two expressed members of 39 kDa (Vpma39) and 34 kDa (Vpma34), which varied in expression between clones of a lineage, shared a common amino-terminal sequence but were immunologically distinct. An amino-terminal oligonucleotide probe identified multiple vpma genes which were clustered within a 14-kb ClaI genomic fragment. Rearrangements were found to have occurred within the vpma locus between clones which correlated with changes in their Vpma phenotype. Two neighboringvpma genes were cloned and sequenced from one M. agalactiae clonal variant expressing Vpma39. The two genes,vpmaX and vpmaY, were orientated divergently and shared highly homologous 5′ untranslated regions, 25-amino-acid (aa) lipoprotein leader sequences, and amino-terminal sequences. ThevpmaY gene coded for 346 aa and 84% of the open reading frame, comprised of 1.5 units of a large repeat of 186 aa. Although the sequence for an entire second vpmaY repeat was present, it was prematurely terminated by insertion of two nucleotides. ThevpmaX gene encoded 221 aa and possessed 102 aa of the 186-aa repeat of vpmaY. Many of the features in common between the vpma genes were also found to be shared by thevsp genes of M. bovis, which also undergo DNA rearrangements concomitant with phenotypic changes. Since M. bovis is the closest phylogenetic relative to M. agalactiae, the vpma and vsp gene families most probably represent homologous systems.

scholarly journals First Report of Stunting and Root Rot of Potato Associated with Pratylenchus penetrans in the Columbia Basin of Washington

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Ingham ◽  
P. B. Hamm ◽  
E. Riga ◽  
K. J. Merrifield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Lesion Nematodes

The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans (de Man, 1880) Filipjev, 1936, is a common pathogen of potato in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains and frequently interacts with Verticillium dahliae to aggravate early dying disease (4). West of the Rocky Mountains, P. penetrans is associated with numerous crops including mint, tree, and small fruits but is rarely recovered from potato fields. Pratylenchus neglectus is a common plant-parasitic nematode on potato in the west, but causes little loss in yield and does not usually interact with V. dahliae (1). Management of P. neglectus is generally unnecessary; although a population of P. neglectus from Ontario, Canada appears to be more pathogenic and does interact with V. dahliae (1). During May 2003 (6 weeks after planting), large areas of stunted plants were observed in field inspections and in aerial photographs of two fields (50.6 ha) of cv. Ranger Russet in Benton County, Washington. Lower roots and stolons had numerous, dark lesions that are typical of P. penetrans damage and were severely stunted, while long, white roots had formed abnormally near the soil surface. In early May 2003, lesion nematodes (65 nematodes per 250 g of dry soil and 810 nematodes per g of fresh root weight) recovered from these potato fields were identified as P. penetrans on the basis of morphological characters (2,3). The crop responded to oxamyl (four applications at 1.1 kg of a.i. per ha between early May and mid-July), but the grower estimated that yields were 1.62 tons/ha (4 tons/acre) less than in comparable unaffected fields. To our knoweldge, this is the first report of severe damage to potato from P. penetrans in the Colombia Basin potato-production area. Soil fumigation with Telone II (1,3-dichloropropene) is commonly used in the Columbia Basin to control root-knot (Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. hapla) and stubby-root (Paratrichodorus allius) nematodes, and metam sodium is used to control V. dahliae. However, since the only nematode recovered from preplant samples was assumed to be P. neglectus, and because cv. Ranger Russet is relatively tolerant to V. dahliae, no fumigant was used in these fields. An increase in mint production in this area may be responsible for introducing P. penetrans into previously uninfested fields since mint is propagated vegetatively and lesion nematodes are commonly associated with mint and could be easily spread in planting material and adhering soil. Identification of P. penetrans in stunted corn from two nearby fields during 2004 suggests that this nematode may be a new and emerging problem in this area. The Columbia Basin is one of the largest potato-producing regions in the United States, and widespread introduction of P. penetrans could add substantial cost to potato production in this area. References: (1) K. Mukerji. No. 458 in: Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1975. (2) H. Scheck and S. Koike. Plant Dis. 83:877, 1999.

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