scholarly journals Holographic Floquet states in low dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Garbayo ◽  
Javier Mas ◽  
Alfonso V. Ramallo
Keyword(s):  
Time Reversal ◽  
Vacuum Polarization ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Strong Coupling Regime ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Low Dimensions ◽  
Driving Field ◽  
Brane Model ◽  
External Driving

Abstract We study the response of a (2+1)-dimensional gauge theory to an external rotating electric field. In the strong coupling regime such system is formulated holographically in a top-down model constructed by intersecting D3- and D5-branes along 2+1 dimensions, in the quenched approximation, in which the D5-brane is a probe in the AdS5 × $$ {\mathbbm{S}}^5 $$ S 5 geometry. The system has a non-equilibrium phase diagram with conductive and insulator phases. The external driving induces a rotating current due to vacuum polarization (in the insulator phase) and to Schwinger effect (in the conductive phase). For some particular values of the driving frequency the external field resonates with the vector mesons of the model and a rotating current can be produced even in the limit of vanishing driving field. These features are in common with the (3+1) dimensional setup based on the D3-D7 brane model [26, 27] and hint on some interesting universality. We also compute the conductivities paying special attention to the photovoltaic induced Hall effect, which is only present for massive charged carriers. In the vicinity of the Floquet condensate the optical Hall coefficient persists at zero driving field, signalling time reversal symmetry breaking.

scholarly journals Phase Formation, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg67Ag33 as Potential Biomaterial

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Konrad Kosiba ◽  
Konda Gokuldoss Prashanth ◽  
Sergio Scudino
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Compressive Yield Strength ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Equilibrium Phases

The phase and microstructure formation as well as mechanical properties of the rapidly solidified Mg67Ag33 (at. %) alloy were investigated. Owing to kinetic constraints effective during rapid cooling, the formation of equilibrium phases is suppressed. Instead, the microstructure is mainly composed of oversaturated hexagonal closest packed Mg-based dendrites surrounded by a mixture of phases, as probed by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A possible non-equilibrium phase diagram is suggested. Mainly because of the fine-grained dendritic and interdendritic microstructure, the material shows appreciable mechanical properties, such as a compressive yield strength and Young’s modulus of 245 ± 5 MPa and 63 ± 2 GPa, respectively. Due to this low Young’s modulus, the Mg67Ag33 alloy has potential for usage as biomaterial and challenges ahead, such as biomechanical compatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial properties are outlined.

Intermetallic Formation in the Aluminum–Copper System

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Hannech ◽  
N. Lamoudi ◽  
N. Benslim ◽  
B. Makhloufi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Intermetallic Formation ◽  
Parabolic Law ◽  
Scanning Electron

Intermetallic formation at 425°C in the aluminum–copper system has been studied by scanning electron microscopy using welded diffusion couples. Several Al–Cu phases predicted by the equilibrium phase diagram of the elements and voids taking place in the diffusion zone have been detected in the couples. The predominant phases were found to be Al 2 Cu 3 and the solid solution of Al in Cu, α. The growth of the intermetallic layer obeyed the parabolic law.

Correlation of Melting Results for Both Pure Substances and Impure Substances

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Sparrow ◽  
G. A. Gurtcheff ◽  
T. A. Myrum
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Vertical Tube ◽  
Step Change ◽  
Pure Substance ◽  
Characteristic Temperatures ◽  
Pure Substances ◽  
T Values ◽  
Melting Experiments

Melting experiments were performed encompassing both pure and impure substances. The pure substances included n-octadecane paraffin and n-eicosane paraffin, while the impure substances were mixtures synthesized from the pure paraffins. The experiments were carried out in a closed vertical tube whose wall was subjected to a step-change increase in temperature to initiate the melting. For each impure substance, supplementary measurements were made of two characteristic temperatures: the temperature T** at which melting of the solid phase first begins and the lowest temperature T* at which the melting can go to completion. For a pure substance, T** = T*. The time-dependent melting results for all the investigated substances, both pure and impure, were well correlated as a function of FoSte**(Gr**)1/8 alone, where the ** signifies the presence of T** in the temperature difference which appears in Ste and Gr. This correlation enables melting rates for impure substances to be determined from melting rates for pure substances. The T** values needed for the implementation of the correlation can be obtained from simple experiments, obviating the need for the complete equilibrium phase diagram.

Coupled electric fields in photorefractive driven liquid crystal hybrid cells – theory and numerical simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Moszczyński ◽  
A. Walczak ◽  
P. Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Driving Field ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Photosensitive Polymer ◽  
Photosensitive Layer ◽  
External Driving

AbstractIn cyclic articles previously published we described and analysed self-organized light fibres inside a liquid crystalline (LC) cell contained photosensitive polymer (PP) layer. Such asymmetric LC cell we call a hybrid LC cell. Light fibre arises along a laser beam path directed in plane of an LC cell. It means that a laser beam is parallel to photosensitive layer. We observed the asymmetric LC cell response on an external driving field polarization. Observation has been done for an AC field first. It is the reason we decided to carry out a detailed research for a DC driving field to obtain an LC cell response step by step. The properly prepared LC cell has been built with an isolating layer and garbage ions deletion. We proved by means of a physical model, as well as a numerical simulation that LC asymmetric response strongly depends on junction barriers between PP and LC layers. New parametric model for a junction barrier on PP/LC boundary has been proposed. Such model is very useful because of lack of proper conductivity and charge carriers of band structure data on LC material.

Equilibrium phase diagram of polystyrene and 8CB

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (15) ◽  
pp. 1841-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Benmouna ◽  
Abdelylah Daoudi ◽  
Fr�d�rick Roussel ◽  
Jean-Marc Buisine ◽  
Xavier Coqueret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram

Collective radiation of multi-atom in cavity under the external driving field

2021 ◽  
pp. 127772
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Hanwen Jiang ◽  
Xiuwen Xia ◽  
Chengjie Zhu ◽  
Shuangyuan Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Field ◽  
External Driving

scholarly journals STATIONARY STATE ENTANGLEMENT AND TOTAL CORRELATION OF TWO QUBITS OR QUTRITS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (30) ◽  
pp. 1803-1811
Author(s):  
SHANG-BIN LI ◽  
JING-BO XU
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Stationary State ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Stationary States ◽  
Driving Field ◽  
Total Correlation ◽  
Action Time ◽  
Damped Oscillation ◽  
External Driving

We investigate the mutual information and entanglement of stationary states of two locally driven qubits under the influence of collective dephasing. It is shown that both the mutual information and the entanglement of two qubits in the stationary state exhibit damped oscillation with the scaled action time γT of the local external driving field. It means that we can control both the entanglement and total correlation of the stationary state of two qubits by adjusting the action time of the driving field. We also consider the influence of collective dephasing on the entanglement of two qutrits and obtain the sufficient condition that the stationary state is entangled.

scholarly journals Formation of Intermediate Phases and Supersaturated Solid Solution in Al-Cu System during Diffusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Rodin ◽  
Nataliya Goreslavets
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Intermediate Phases

The study of diffusion processes in the aluminum - copper system was carried out at the temperature 350 and 520 °C. Special attention was paid on the chemical composition of the system near Al/Cu interface. It was determined that the intermediate phases in the system, corresponding to the equilibrium phase diagram, were not formed at low temperature. At high temperature the intermediate phases forms starting with Cu - rich phases. In both cases supersaturated solid solution of copper in aluminum could be observed near the interface.

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