scholarly journals Obesity and its impact on COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica J. M. de Leeuw ◽  
Maureen A. M. Oude Luttikhuis ◽  
Annemarijn C. Wellen ◽  
Christine Müller ◽  
Cornelis F. Calkhoven
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sheer Number

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has proven a challenge to healthcare systems since its first appearance in late 2019. The global spread and devastating effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients have resulted in countless studies on risk factors and disease progression. Overweight and obesity emerged as one of the major risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. Here we review the biology of coronavirus infections in relation to obesity. In particular, we review literature about the impact of adiposity-related systemic inflammation on the COVID-19 disease severity, involving cytokine, chemokine, leptin, and growth hormone signaling, and we discuss the involvement of hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Due to the sheer number of publications on COVID-19, we cannot be completed, and therefore, we apologize for all the publications that we do not cite.

OR13,1 The impact of fasting on growth hormone signaling and action in muscle and fat tissue in human subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. S25
Author(s):  
L. Moller ◽  
L. Dalman ◽  
H. Norrelund ◽  
J. Frystyk ◽  
N. Billestrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The comparison of cardiovascular risk factors prevalence among Catholics and Seventh-day Adventists living in southern Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Anna Majda ◽  
Joanna Zalewska-Puchała ◽  
Iwona Bodys-Cupak ◽  
Alicja Kamińska ◽  
Marcin Suder
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Poland

Abstract Introduction. A review literature concerning the religious affiliation and that of cardiovascular disease did not show any clear correlations between these variables. Aim. To determine selected cardiovascular risk factors and the risk of a cardiovascular event among Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) and Catholics. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the years 2014-2015 among 252 people, including 118 Seventhday Adventists and 134 Catholics over 18 years of age, residents of southern Poland. The results of the following were analysed: anthropometric measurements, an interview questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests, as well as the SCORE scale. Results. The mean concentration of homocysteine and triglycerides in Catholics was significantly higher than in Adventists. Adventists had significantly higher blood pressure and mean HDL cholesterol concentration than Catholics. On the basis of BMI, overweight and obesity were ascertained in a somewhat greater percentage of Catholics than Adventists, and on the basis of waist circumference, android obesity was found to be more common in Catholics than in Adventists. Conclusions. Based on the SCORE scale, the risk of a cardiovascular event was significantly higher in Catholics than in Adventists.

scholarly journals Risk factors influencing food habits of overweight and obese incarcerated women

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. e020020
Author(s):  
Thalise Yuri Hattori ◽  
Edilaene de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Vagner Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Marina Atanaka ◽  
Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças Trettel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Chronic diseases stand out on the world stage due to the impact they cause on population morbidity and mortality. In the case of persons deprived of their liberty, the situation is intensified by the restriction in the choice of food and access to physical exercise. Objective: To identify the risk factors that influence the eating habits of overweight and obese incarcerated women. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted with 31 participants. Data collection took place in the second half of 2018, comprising individual interviews of incarcerated women using a semi-structured questionnaire and measurement of anthropometric measures. The data were systematized in electronic spreadsheets and statistical analysis was performed in a descriptive way. The study complied with ethical standards from national guidelines. Results: A greater prevalence of overweight and obesity was identified in young, multiparous women, with low education and lower income. Most used tobacco and had less than a year in prison. Despite being overweight and obese, they felt good about their body, which may be reflecting on their lifestyle, through sedentary lifestyle, self-care deficit and consumption of products and foods with low nutritional value. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are multifactorial and are not related only to behavioral aspects. It is necessary to carry out new research approaches that clarify the health weaknesses in prison, making it possible to provide a better quality of life for this population group.

scholarly journals Impact of BMI on Growth Hormone Stimulation Tests in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A678-A678
Author(s):  
Ozair Abawi ◽  
Dieuwertje Augustijn ◽  
Sanne Hoeks ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Erica L T van den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Peak stimulated growth hormone (GH) levels are known to decrease with increasing BMI, possibly leading to overdiagnosis of GH deficiency (GHD) in children with overweight and obesity. However, current guidelines do not provide guidance how to interpret peak GH values of these children, nor has this been assessed systematically. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study the effect of BMI on stimulated peak GH values in children, and to quantify to which extent peak GH values in children with obesity are decreased. Methods: We searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (13 July 2020) for studies reporting impact of BMI on peak GH in children. Where possible, individual participant data was extracted and/or obtained from the authors. Primary outcome was the association between peak GH values and BMI standard deviation score (SDS). Pooled correlation coefficients were calculated under a random effects model, and exploratory moderator analyses and meta-regression were performed. Study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. For studies with available individual participant data, linear mixed-models regression analysis was performed with BMI SDS as predictor and ln(peak GH) as outcome, accounting for used GH stimulation agent (fixed effect) and study (random effect). This systematic review was performed in accordance to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: In total, 56 studies were included, providing data on n=5100 children (1346 with individual participant data). Across all studies, a pooled r of -0.37 (95% CI -0.44 to -0.31, n=2785) was found. Study heterogeneity was large (I2=58%). Pubertal status, sex, presence of syndromic obesity, and mean age and BMI SDS of the population did not significantly moderate the pooled r (all p>0.05). Individual participant data analysis revealed a beta of -0.11 (95% CI -0.08 to -0.15, p<0.001), i.e., per 1 point increase in BMI SDS, peak GH decreases by 11% (95% CI 7 to 14%). In the 8 studies performed in children referred for short stature, obesity was present in 27/893 (3.02%) children without GHD and in 36/615 (5.85%) children with GHD (p=0.0069). This corresponds to a RR of 1.43 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.78, p=0.002) for a diagnosis of GHD in children with short stature with obesity compared to children without obesity. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of BMI on peak GH values in children, showing a significant negative correlation and risk of overdiagnosis of GHD in children with obesity. All in all, with ever-rising prevalence of pediatric obesity, our study highlights the urgent need for BMI (SDS)-specific cut-off values for GH stimulation tests in children.

scholarly journals Evidence for disturbed insulin and growth hormone signaling as potential risk factors in the development of schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. e430-e430 ◽  
Author(s):  
N J M van Beveren ◽  
E Schwarz ◽  
R Noll ◽  
P C Guest ◽  
C Meijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Effect of a Family-Based Intervention on Nutrient Biomarkers, Desaturase Enzyme Activities, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children with Overweight and Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirupa R Matthan ◽  
Judith Wylie-Rosett ◽  
Xiaonan Xue ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Adriana E Groisman-Perelstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background Developing dietary strategies to prevent excess weight gain during childhood is critical to stem the current obesity epidemic and associated adverse cardiometabolic consequences. Objectives We aimed to assess how participation in a family-based weight-management intervention affected nutrient biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in children (7–12 y old; n = 321) with baseline BMI z score (BMIz) ≥85th percentile. Methods This was a secondary analysis from a randomized-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Families of children, recruited from a largely Hispanic population, were assigned to Standard Care (SC; American Academy of Pediatrics overweight/obesity recommendations), or SC + Enhanced Program (SC + EP; 8 skill-building cores, monthly support sessions, targeted diet/physical activity strategies). Nutrient biomarkers (plasma carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins, RBC fatty acid profiles, desaturase indexes) and CMRFs were measured in archived blood samples collected at baseline and the end of the 1-y intervention. Results Children in both groups had significantly lower trans fatty acid and higher pentadecylic acid (15:0), PUFA n–3, and β-carotene concentrations, indicative of decreased hydrogenated fat and increased dairy, vegetable oil, fish, and fruit/vegetable intake, respectively. Similar changes were seen in de novo lipogenesis and desaturase indexes, as well as CMRFs (BMIz, lipid profile, inflammation, adipokines, liver enzymes) in both groups. Using multiple logistic regression, increase in carotenoids and decrease in endogenously synthesized SFA, MUFA, PUFA n–6, and desaturase indexes were associated with improvements in BMIz, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines, and liver enzymes. Trans fatty acids were associated with improvements in BMIz, glucose metabolism, and leptin, with less favorable effects on inflammatory markers and adiponectin. Conclusions Providing targeted family-based behavioral counseling, as part of SC, can help overweight/obese children adopt healthier eating patterns that are associated with modest improvements in BMIz and several CMRFs. Limited additional benefit was observed with SC + EP. These results provide critical data to design subsequent interventions to increase the impact of family-based obesity prevention programs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00851201.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Impact of Obesity Category on Major Chronic Diseases in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1211-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Jiang ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Douglas Manuel ◽  
Howard Morrison ◽  
Yang Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Impact

Adverse health effects differ with various levels of obesity, but limited national data existed previously for the Canadian population. We examined the associations of sociodemographic and behavioral factors with obesity levels in Canada, and measured the impact of each level on major chronic diseases. Data were extracted from the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey. We grouped overweight/obese participants aged 18 years and over into four levels based on body mass index (BMI, kg/m2): overweight (25.0– 29.9), class I obesity (30.0–34.9), class II obesity (35–39.9), and class III obesity (extreme/clinical obesity, BMI ≥ 40.0). We used logistic regression models to identify potential risk factors for the obesity levels and to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for major chronic diseases related to each level. We calculated population attributable risks (PARs) to help understand the impact of obesity levels on these chronic diseases.The overall prevalence of obesity was 16.2% in men and 14.6% in women, and the prevalence of obesity III was 1.0% in men and 1.4% in women. All levels of obesity increased with age, but then decreased in elderly participants. The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, arthritis, and asthma increased with increasing BMI level, and the highest values appeared in participants at the obesity III level. PAR was highest in the obesity III group for hypertension, followed by diabetes, and lowest for heart disease. When correlated with risk factors, fewer statistically significant ORs, comparing to the normal weight category, appeared for obesity II and III levels than for overweight and obesity I. ORs for the combination of low education level, infrequent exercise, and low household income rose significantly with BMI levels until the obesity II level, and in obesity III level, the OR remained at the same level as for obesity II, most significantly in women. These results suggest that the impact of obesity on Canadian’s health should be studied and dealt with by obesity level. The greatest impact of clinical obesity was on hypertension and diabetes control in Canada.

Growth hormone signaling and action in obese versus lean human subjects: evidence of increased hepatic GH sensitivity in obesity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Hogild Pedersen ◽  
Ann Mosegaard Bak ◽  
Steen Bonlokke Pedersen ◽  
Niels Jessen ◽  
Niels Moller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hormone Signaling

Some risk factors of re-growth of non-functional pituitary adenomas in patients with growth hormone deficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulduz Urmanova ◽  
Ashley Grossman ◽  
Zamira Khalimova ◽  
Michael Powell ◽  
Marta Korbonits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Hormone Deficiency
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document