scholarly journals Free Fatty acids (FFA) and endothelial dysfunction; role of increased oxidative stress and inflammation

Diabetologia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devjit Tripathy ◽  
Ahmad Aljada ◽  
Paresh Dandona
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Free Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Renal Failure: Role of eNOS Activation and of Oxidative Stress

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Zanetti ◽  
Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽  
Davide Barbetta ◽  
Annamaria Semolic ◽  
Rocco Barazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Effect of High-Fat Diets on Oxidative Stress, Cellular Inflammatory Response and Cognitive Function

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Ling Tan ◽  
Mohd Esa Norhaizan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cellular Inflammatory Response

Cognitive dysfunction is linked to chronic low-grade inflammatory stress that contributes to cell-mediated immunity in creating an oxidative environment. Food is a vitally important energy source; it affects brain function and provides direct energy. Several studies have indicated that high-fat consumption causes overproduction of circulating free fatty acids and systemic inflammation. Immune cells, free fatty acids, and circulating cytokines reach the hypothalamus and initiate local inflammation through processes such as microglial proliferation. Therefore, the role of high-fat diet (HFD) in promoting oxidative stress and neurodegeneration is worthy of further discussion. Of particular interest in this article, we highlight the associations and molecular mechanisms of HFD in the modulation of inflammation and cognitive deficits. Taken together, a better understanding of the role of oxidative stress in cognitive impairment following HFD consumption would provide a useful approach for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction.

scholarly journals Role of free fatty acids in endothelial dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijit Ghosh ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Abhimanyu Thakur ◽  
Parco M. Siu ◽  
Christopher W. K. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Free Fatty Acids

Chronic exposure to free fatty acids or high glucose induces apoptosis in rat pancreatic islets: Possible role of oxidative stress

Metabolism ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1340-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Piro ◽  
Marcello Anello ◽  
Cinzia Di Pietro ◽  
Maria Natalia Lizzio ◽  
Giovanni Patan[egrave] ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Rat Pancreatic Islets

scholarly journals Role of oxidative stress in elevated blood pressure induced by high free fatty acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Hongliang Li ◽  
Zhiqiang Hou ◽  
Lin Pan ◽  
Xiaoxia Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood

Alcohol intake impairs glucose counterregulation during acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM patients. Evidence for a critical role of free fatty acids

Diabetes ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Avogaro ◽  
P. Beltramello ◽  
L. Gnudi ◽  
A. Maran ◽  
A. Valerio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Critical Role

scholarly journals Regulation of miRNAs by Natural Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Diseases: Focus on SIRT1 and eNOS

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Yunna Lee ◽  
Eunok Im
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The potential benefits of natural antioxidants derived from supplemental nutrients against CVDs are well known. Remarkably, natural antioxidants exert cardioprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, increasing vasodilation, and normalizing endothelial dysfunction. Recently, considerable evidence has highlighted an important role played by the synergistic interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the maintenance of endothelial function. To provide a new perspective on the role of natural antioxidants against CVDs, we focused on microRNAs (miRNAs), which are important posttranscriptional modulators in human diseases. Several miRNAs are regulated via the consumption of natural antioxidants and are related to the regulation of oxidative stress by targeting eNOS and/or SIRT1. In this review, we have discussed the specific molecular regulation of eNOS/SIRT1-related endothelial dysfunction and its contribution to CVD pathologies; furthermore, we selected nine different miRNAs that target the expression of eNOS and SIRT1 in CVDs. Additionally, we have summarized the alteration of miRNA expression and regulation of activities of miRNA through natural antioxidant consumption.

scholarly journals The role of diabetes in the onset and development of endothelial dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Era B. Popyhova ◽  
Tatiana V. Stepanova ◽  
Dar’ya D. Lagutina ◽  
Tatiana S. Kiriiazi ◽  
Alexey N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Cell Migration And Proliferation ◽  
Radical Processes

The vascular endothelium performs many functions. It is a key regulator of vascular homeostasis, maintains a balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction, inhibition and stimulation of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, fibrinolysis and thrombosis, and is involved to regulation of platelet adhesion and aggregation. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays the critical role in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) vascular complications. The purpose of this review was to consider the mechanisms leading to the occurrence of ED in DM. The paper discusses current literature data concerning the role of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products in endothelial alteration. A separate section is devoted to the particularities of the functioning of the antioxidant system and their significance in the development of ED in DM. The analysis of the literature allows to conclude that pathological activation of glucose utilization pathways causes damage of endothelial cells, which is accompanied by disorders of all their basic functions. Metabolic disorders in DM cause a pronounced imbalance of free radical processes and antioxidant defense, accompanied by oxidative stress of endotheliocytes, which contributes to the progression of ED and the development of vascular complications. Many aspects of multicomponent regulatory reactions in the pathogenesis of the development of ED in DM have not been sufficiently studied.

scholarly journals Free Fatty acids receptors (FFAR2 and FFAR3) control cell proliferation by regulating cellular glucose uptake

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aziz ◽  
Saeed Al Mahri ◽  
Amal Alghamdi ◽  
Maaged AlAkiel ◽  
Monira Al Aujan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptors

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer is a worldwide problem which has been associated with changes in diet and lifestyle pattern. As a result of colonic fermentation of dietary fibres, short chain free fatty acids are generated which activate Free Fatty Acid Receptors 2 and 3 (FFAR2 and FFAR3). FFAR2 and FFAR3 genes are abundantly expressed in colonic epithelium and play an important role in the metabolic homeostasis of colonic epithelial cells. Earlier studies point to the involvement of FFAR2 in colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods Transcriptome analysis console was used to analyse microarray data from patients and cell lines. We employed shRNA mediated down regulation of FFAR2 and FFAR3 genes which was assessed using qRT-PCR. Assays for glucose uptake and cAMP generation was done along with immunofluorescence studies. For measuring cell proliferation, we employed real time electrical impedance based assay available from xCelligence. Results Microarray data analysis of colorectal cancer patient samples showed a significant down regulation of FFAR2 gene expression. This prompted us to study the FFAR2 in colorectal cancer. Since, FFAR3 shares significant structural and functional homology with FFAR2, we knocked down both these receptors in colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116. These modified cell lines exhibited higher proliferation rate and were found to have increased glucose uptake as well as increased level of GLUT1. Since, FFAR2 and FFAR3 signal through G protein subunit (Gαi), knockdown of these receptors was associated with increased cAMP. Inhibition of PKA did not alter the growth and proliferation of these cells indicating a mechanism independent of cAMP/PKA pathway. Conclusion: Our results suggest role of FFAR2/FFAR3 genes in increased proliferation of colon cancer cells via enhanced glucose uptake and exclude the role of protein kinase A mediated cAMP signalling. Alternate pathways could be involved that would ultimately result in increased cell proliferation as a result of down regulated FFAR2/FFAR3 genes. This study paves the way to understand the mechanism of action of short chain free fatty acid receptors in colorectal cancer.

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