Erratum to: Associations between DSM-IV mental disorders and diabetes mellitus: a role for impulse control disorders and depression

Growing research shows that the impulse control disorders are much more common than once thought to be. The consistency of the ‘structure’ of the irresistible impulse (a core disturbance of impulsivity and compulsivity) together with increasing research showing that it responds to certain treatments, especially cognitivebehavioural psychotherapies and medical treatments with thymoleptic or anticraving properties, regardless of its ‘content’ (the specific impulse experienced), strongly suggest that it is an important psychopathological symptom, and that impulse control disorders are legitimate mental disorders that are in fact likely to be related despite their apparent differences. This chapter first defines impulse control disorders, and then summarizes available research on the clinical features, epidemiology, psychiatric comorbidity, family studies, psychobiology, and treatment response of the most common of these conditions

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Overview of the Impulse Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified and Limitations of Knowledge

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0012 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Jon E. Grant ◽

Marc N. Potenza

Keyword(s):

Impulse Control ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Impulse Control Disorders ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Comprehensive Information ◽

The Family ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Dsm Iv

Several disorders have been classified together in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed.; DSM-IV) as impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified. These impulse control disorders have been grouped together based on perceived similarities in clinical presentation and hypothesized similarities in pathophysiologies. The question exists whether these disorders belong together or whether they should be categorized elsewhere. Examination of the family of impulse control disorders generates questions regarding the distinct nature of each disorder: whether each is unique or whether they represent variations of each other or other psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology may cut across disorders, and identifying important intermediary phenotypes will be important in understanding impulse control disorders and related entities. The distress of patients with impulse control disorders highlights the importance of examining these disorders. More comprehensive information has significant potential for advancing prevention and treatment strategies for those who suffer from disorders characterized by impaired impulse control.

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Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: epidemiological study

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054841 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 194 (5) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

S. Lee ◽

A. Tsang ◽

J. Breslau ◽

S. Aguilar-Gaxiola ◽

M. Angermeyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Impulse Control Disorders ◽

High Income ◽

Early Termination ◽

Middle Income

BackgroundStudies of the impact of mental disorders on educational attainment are rare in both high-income and low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries.AimsTo examine the association between early-onset mental disorder and subsequent termination of education.MethodSixteen countries taking part in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative were surveyed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (n=41 688). Survival models were used to estimate associations between DSM–IV mental disorders and subsequent non-attainment of educational milestones.ResultsIn high-income countries, prior substance use disorders were associated with non-completion at all stages of education (OR 1.4–15.2). Anxiety disorders (OR=1.3), mood disorders (OR=1.4) and impulse control disorders (OR=2.2) were associated with early termination of secondary education. In LAMI countries, impulse control disorders (OR=1.3) and substance use disorders (OR=1.5) were associated with early termination of secondary education.ConclusionsOnset of mental disorder and subsequent non-completion of education are consistently associated in both high-income and LAMI countries.

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War and first onset of suicidality: the role of mental disorders

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291712000268 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 2109-2118 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

E. G. Karam ◽

M. M. Salamoun ◽

Z. N. Mneimneh ◽

J. A. Fayyad ◽

A. N. Karam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Female Gender ◽

National Sample ◽

Impulse Control Disorders ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Post War

BackgroundSuicide rates increase following periods of war; however, the mechanism through which this occurs is not known. The aim of this paper is to shed some light on the associations of war exposure, mental disorders, and subsequent suicidal behavior.MethodA national sample of Lebanese adults was administered the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to collect data on lifetime prevalence and age of onset of suicide ideation, plan, and attempt, and mental disorders, in addition to information about exposure to stressors associated with the 1975–1989 Lebanon war.ResultsThe onset of suicide ideation, plan, and attempt was associated with female gender, younger age, post-war period, major depression, impulse-control disorders, and social phobia. The effect of post-war period on each type of suicide outcome was largely explained by the post-war onset of mental disorders. Finally, the conjunction of having a prior impulse-control disorder and either being a civilian in a terror region or witnessing war-related stressors was associated with especially high risk of suicide attempt.ConclusionsThe association of war with increased risk of suicidality appears to be partially explained by the emergence of mental disorders in the context of war. Exposure to war may exacerbate disinhibition among those who have prior impulse-control disorders, thus magnifying the association of mental disorders with suicidality.

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Mental disorders in a forensic sample of sexual offenders

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.08.001 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 123-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Anja Leue ◽

Bernd Borchard ◽

Jürgen Hoyer

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Sexual Offenders ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

State Hospitals ◽

Axis I ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Diagnostic Research

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined the prevalence of DSM IV axis I disorders and DSM IV personality disorders among sexual offenders in Forensic State Hospitals in Germany.MethodCurrent and lifetime prevalence rates of mental disorders were investigated based on clinical structured interviews among sexual offenders (n = 55). Additionally, subgroups were analyzed on the basis of diagnostic research criteria, with 30 sexual offenders classified as paraphiliacs and 25 sexual offenders as having an impulse control disorder (without paraphilia).ResultsAnxiety disorders, mood disorders, and substance use disorders were common among sexual offenders, as were cluster B and cluster C personality disorders. While social phobia was most common among paraphilic sexual offenders, major depression was most prevalent in impulse control disordered sexual offenders.ConclusionThe results replicate recent findings of high psychiatric morbidity in sexual offenders placed in forensic facilities. Furthermore, differential patterns of co-morbid mental disorders were found in paraphiliacs and impulse control disordered sexual offenders. With regard to an effective therapy and relapse prevention co-morbid mental disorders should be a greater focus in the assessment of subgroups of sexual offenders.

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