Health of national service veterans: an analysis of a community-based sample using data from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey of England

SummaryBackgroundThe lifetime risk of suicide in affective disorders is commonly quoted as 15%. This stems from hospital populations of affective disorders.AimsTo model the lifetime prevalence of suicide using data on completed suicides from one English Health District and community-based rates of prevalence of affective disorders.MethodsA secondary analysis of a primary data set based on 212 suicides in North Staffordshire was undertaken. The population rates of psychiatric morbidity were obtained from the National Comorbidity Survey.ResultsThe model suggests a lifetime prevalence rate of suicide for any affective disorder at 2.4%, with a rate for those uncomplicated by substance abuse, personality disorder or non-affective psychosis at 2.4%, and a rate for uncomplicated cases who had no mental health service contact at 1.1%.ConclusionsLifetime prevalence rates of suicide in subgroups of affective disorders may be lower than the traditional rates cited for hospital depression. This has implications for primary care projects designed to investigate the occurrence of and the prevention of suicide.

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Community Based Psychosocial Education Can Improve Mood Disturbance in Breast Cancer Survivors at Various Stages of Their Recovery

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465816000187 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 730-736 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Kokavec

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

Local Community ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Behavioural Therapy ◽

Mood Disturbance ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Community Based ◽

Severe Group

Background: Psychosocial distress can contribute to avoidance, refusal, or discontinuation of cancer treatment, which could impact recovery and survival. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a community based psychosocial program on alleviating mood disturbance in breast cancer survivors at different stages of their breast cancer journey. Method: A total of 37 women participated in an 8-week psychosocial program at their local community centre. The weekly 3-hour program was delivered in a small group format. Program components included health education, behavioural training, cognitive behavioural therapy, art therapy and stress-management. Questionnaires aimed at assessing psychiatric morbidity and mood adjustment were administered at the beginning of the program (Pre) and at the completion of the program (Post). Results: Group data revealed a significant reduction in psychiatric morbidity and improved psychological adjustment. When participants were divided into degree of psychiatric morbidity (mild, moderate, severe, very severe) a significant reduction in the reporting of anxiety symptoms in the mild, moderate, severe and very severe groups was reported; depression symptoms in the severe and very severe groups were noted, and anger, confusion and somatic symptoms in the mild group were noted. The level of activity was also significantly improved in the very severe group. Conclusions: A structured community based psychosocial program is beneficial to women struggling to come to terms with the emotional consequences of breast cancer at all stages of recovery.

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Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Angolan Adults: A Descriptive Analysis from CardioBengo, a Community-Based Survey

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2018/2532345 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João M. Pedro ◽

Miguel Brito ◽

Henrique Barros

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Risk Prediction ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

World Health ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Community Based ◽

Risk Factor Surveillance ◽

Using Data

From a community-based survey conducted in Angola, 468 individuals aged 40 to 64 years and not using drug therapy were evaluated according to the World Health Organisation STEPwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Using data from tobacco use, blood pressure, blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels, we estimated the 10-year risk of a fatal or nonfatal major cardiovascular event and computed the proportion of untreated participants eligible for pharmacological treatment according to clinical values alone and total cardiovascular risk. The large majority of participants were classified as having a low (<10%) 10-year cardiovascular risk (87.6%), with only 4.5% having a high (≥ 20%) cardiovascular risk. If we consider the single criteria for hypertension, 48.7% of the population should be considered for treatment. This value decreases to 22.0% if we apply the risk prediction chart. The use of hypoglycaemic drugs does not present any differences (19.0% in both situations). The use of lipid-lowering drugs (3.8%) is only recommended by the risk prediction chart. This study reveals the need of integrated approaches for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders in this population. Risk prediction charts can be used as a way to promote a better use of limited resources.

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Culturally mapping legacies of collaborative heritage projects

Valuing Interdisciplinary Collaborative Research ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447331605.003.0010 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Karen Smyth ◽

Andrew Power ◽

Rik Martin

Keyword(s):

Community Partner ◽

Community Based ◽

Community Groups ◽

Multiple Voices ◽

Using Data

In this chapter how cultural mapping can act as a means to understand the legacy of collaborative heritage research is explored.The difficulties inherent in capturing this story, including resolving the tensions between organising structures and the practices of chance and serendipity that shape the experiences of people in their heritage work. This gets to the heart of what happens to knowledge and our understanding of practices when we try to capture, share and translate specificities from our research collaboratively. The authors suggest how the visual and discursive aspects of cultural mapping can offer a means to accommodate such tensions. Using data from community groups and focusing on the collaborative role of a community partner in designing and evaluating this research, the mapping toolkit as a legacy output is introduced. Some of the actual stories from the heritage groups are traced and show how they draw attention to legacies of conducting community based heritage projects. The underpinning research involved in producing this legacy output highlights the attention that needs to be paid to multiple voices, narratives and types of impact that are important in people’s lives.

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Inequalities in women’s empowerment and prevalence of HIV in India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 3069

Author(s):

Shri Kant Singh ◽

Deepanjali Vishwakarma ◽

Bhawana Sharma ◽

Santosh Kumar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Gender Gap ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

Women's Empowerment ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Spousal Violence ◽

Sexual Rights ◽

Community Based ◽

Using Data ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Over the years, there has been growing evidence of continuous narrowing gender gap in new HIV infections, despite stagnation in overall HIV prevalence in India. Among others, one of the reasons behind the exiting pattern in HIV/AIDS in the country is the poor status of women, lack of control over their sexuality and poor reproductive and sexual rights.Methods: This paper analyses the troika of women’s empowerment, spousal-violence, and HIV prevalence in India using data from two rounds (2005-2006 and 2015-2016) of Indian DHS having a community-based HIV testing.Results: Results corroborate the recent spurts in women’s empowerment in India, which cuts across socio-economic groups. It has positively influenced a decline in spousal-violence even in the lowest socio-economic strata despite significant inequality across states. HIV prevalence among women has not been changed over the last decade (0.22% to 0.23%) despite decreased adult HIV prevalence. Women having control over their sexuality is significantly less likely to have HIV infection. Relationship between marital control behavior of husband and HIV prevalence, which was significant in 2005-06 (OR=1.2, p<0.10), has emerged to be insignificant in 2015-16. This means that increasing women's empowerment has altered their HIV prevalence through increasing sexual-rights and reducing the intensity of marital control behavior.Conclusions: A combative relationship has been established between women’s empowerment and their risk of HIV/AIDS. The results have been consistently showing the variations of inequality in women’s empowerment across different states, consequently affecting the risk of HIV/AIDS. Ensuring sexual-rights of women should be the best strategy.

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Assessing Cross-Sector Stakeholder Perspectives on Oakland (CA)’s Juvenile Reentry System

Justice Research and Policy ◽

10.1177/1525107118801304 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 98-124

Author(s):

Sonia Jain-Aghi ◽

Alison K. Cohen ◽

Priya Jagannathan ◽

Henrissa Bassey ◽

Yvette Leung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Service Providers ◽

Family Engagement ◽

System Level ◽

Limited Resources ◽

Community Based ◽

Stakeholder Perspectives ◽

Community Perspectives ◽

Education Community ◽

Using Data ◽

Second Chance

We surveyed 75 staff and administrators involved in Oakland (CA)’s Second Chance Initiative from diverse agencies (e.g., probation, behavioral health, public health/medical, education, community-based service providers) to assess the local juvenile reentry system. Sharing and using data across partner agencies, mutual trust, opportunities for interagency collaboration, system-level youth and family engagement, shared governance, and limited resources repeatedly arose as areas for improvement. Many defined reentry success using positive youth developmental outcomes. Government and community perspectives around barriers and effectiveness often differed with some similarities.

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Mediators affecting the association between a lifestyle behavior intervention and stress in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105319887780 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 135910531988778 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mei-Wei Chang ◽

Lorraine B Robbins ◽

Jiying Ling ◽

Roger Brown ◽

Duane T Wegener

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Low Income ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intervention Study ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Community Based ◽

Emotional Coping ◽

Using Data

Using data from a community-based lifestyle behavioral intervention study, this secondary data analysis investigated whether emotional coping, coping self-efficacy, and autonomous motivation mediated the association between the intervention and perceived stress in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children. Results showed that coping self-efficacy significantly mediated the association between the intervention and perceived stress. However, emotional coping and autonomous motivation did not significantly mediate the association between intervention and perceived stress. Interventions may be more effective in helping the target audience reduce stress if they incorporate practical skills that can increase a sense of coping self-efficacy.

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Trends in mental health, non‐suicidal self‐harm and suicide attempts in 16–24-year old students and non-students in England, 2000–2014

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s00127-019-01797-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 125-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. McManus ◽

D. Gunnell

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Young People ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Common Mental Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Female Students ◽

Self Harm ◽

Using Data ◽

Over Time

Abstract There are concerns about high levels of mental ill-health amongst university students, but little is known about the mental health of students compared to non-students over time. Using data on young people (16–24) from three UK National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys (2000, 2007, and 2014), we found no evidence that the overall prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD), suicide attempts, or non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) differed between students and non-students, although there was an indication that CMDs rose markedly in female students between 2007 and 2014. A rise in NSSH is apparent in both students and non-students.

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“What We Do Crosses over to Activism”

The Public Historian ◽

10.1525/tph.2018.40.2.69 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 69-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marika Cifor ◽

Michelle Caswell ◽

Alda Allina Migoni ◽

Noah Geraci

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

Public Engagement ◽

Racial Justice ◽

Community Based ◽

Community Archives ◽

The Past ◽

Ethical Orientations ◽

Semistructured Interviews ◽

Community Organizers ◽

Using Data

Using data gleaned from semistructured interviews with seventeen community archives founders, volunteers, and staff at twelve sites, this paper examines the relations and roles of community archives and archivists in social justice activism. Our research uncovered four findings on the politics of community archives. First, community-based archivists identify as activists, advocates, or community organizers, and this identification shapes their understandings of community archives work and the missions of community archives. Second, community-based archives offer substantial critiques of neutrality in their ethical orientations and thus present new ethical foundations for practice. Third, by activating their collections, community archives play significant roles within contemporary social movements including struggles for racial justice and against gentrification. Finally, community archives are at the forefront of the profession in their engagements with activists. Community archives have much to contribute to practice and scholarship on activism, outreach, and public engagement with the past.

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Alcohol consumption as a risk factor for non-recovery from common mental disorder: results from the longitudinal follow-up of the National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291707002000 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 451-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

J. C. Haynes ◽

M. Farrell ◽

N. Singleton ◽

H. Meltzer ◽

R. Araya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Common Mental Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Hazardous Drinking ◽

Community Based ◽

Monthly Basis

BackgroundAlcohol is commonly considered to be associated with persistence of common mental disorder (CMD; anxiety/depression). However no community-based longitudinal studies have investigated the direction of causality.MethodWe examined the association between alcohol consumption and recovery from CMD using data on 706 community-based subjects with CMD who were followed for 18 months. Alcohol consumption at baseline was defined as hazardous drinking [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) ⩾8], binge drinking (defined as six or more units of alcohol on one occasion, approximately two to three pints of commercially sold beer) and dependence.ResultsWhen compared with a non-binge-drinking group, non-recovery at follow-up was associated with binge drinking on at least a monthly basis at baseline, although the confidence interval (CI) included unity [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.47, 95% CI 0.89–2.45]. There was also weak evidence that alcohol dependence was associated with non-recovery (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.67–2.81). There was little evidence to support hazardous drinking as a risk factor for non-recovery (adjusted OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.67–1.88).ConclusionsBinge drinking may be a potential risk factor for non-recovery from CMD, although the possibility of no effect cannot be excluded. Larger studies are required to refute or confirm this finding.

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