Ease of marital communication and depressive symptom severity among men and women in rural Uganda: cross-sectional, whole-population study

Abstract Purpose Depression is a highly prevalent mental health condition with substantial individual, societal and economic consequences. This study focussed on the association of depressive symptom severity with absenteeism duration and employer labour costs. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the German Health Update 2014/2015, multivariable zero-inflated Poisson regression (ZIP) models explored the association of depressive symptom severity (8-item depression patient health questionnaire—PHQ-8), with absenteeism weeks during 12 months in men and women working full- or part-time. The predicted sick leave weeks were multiplied by mean average labour costs. Results The sample consisted of 12,405 persons with an average sick leave of 1.89 weeks (SD 4.26). Fifty-four % were women and 57% were between 40 and 59 years of age. In men and women, mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depressive symptoms were associated with a significant factor increase in sick leave weeks compared to persons with no or minimal symptoms. Labour costs increased with increasing symptom severity from € 1468.22 for men with no or minimal depressive symptoms to € 7190.25 for men with severe depressive symptoms and from € 1045.82 to € 4306.30 in women, respectively. Conclusion The present results indicate that increasing depressive symptom severity is associated with increasing absenteeism and employer costs. They emphasize the need for implementation, realignment or extension of professional work-site health promotion programmes aiming at the improvement and maintenance of employee health and the reduction of labour costs associated with depression-related sick leave.

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Serotonin transporter polymorphism (5HTTLPR), severe childhood abuse and depressive symptom trajectories in adulthood

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.000380 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 104-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Timothy B. Nguyen ◽

Jane M. Gunn ◽

Maria Potiriadis ◽

Ian P. Everall ◽

Chad A. Bousman

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Childhood Abuse ◽

Serotonin Transporter ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptom Trajectories ◽

History Of ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism

BackgroundCross-sectional studies suggest that the serotonin transporter promoter region polymorphism (5-HTT gene-linked polymorphic region,5HTTLPR) moderates the relationship between childhood abuse and major depressive disorder.AimsTo examine whether the5HTTLPRpolymorphism moderates the effect childhood abuse has on 5-year depressive symptom severity trajectories in adulthood.MethodAt 5-year follow-up, DNA from 333 adult primary care attendees was obtained and genotyped for the5HTTLPRpolymorphism. Linear mixed models were used to test for a genotype × childhood abuse interaction effect on 5-year depressive symptom severity trajectories.ResultsAfter covariate adjustment, homozygoussallele carriers with a history of severe childhood abuse had significantly greater depressive symptom severity at baseline compared with those without a history of severe childhood abuse and this effect persisted throughout the 5-year period of observation.ConclusionsThe5HTTLPR s/sgenotype robustly moderates the effects of severe childhood abuse on depressive symptom severity trajectories in adulthood.

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Copattern of depression and alcohol use in medical care patients: cross-sectional study in Germany

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032826 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e032826

Author(s):

Diana Guertler ◽

Anne Moehring ◽

Kristian Krause ◽

Anil Batra ◽

Sandra Eck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Major Depression ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sum Score ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

Excessive Consumption

ObjectiveTo predict depressive symptom severity and presence of major depression along the full alcohol use continuum.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingAmbulatory practices and general hospitals from three sites in Germany.ParticipantsConsecutive patients aged 18–64 years were proactively approached for an anonymous health screening (participation rate=87%, N=12 828). Four continuous alcohol use measures were derived from an expanded Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT): alcohol consumption in grams per day and occasion, excessive consumption in days per months and the AUDIT sum score. Depressive symptoms were assessed for the worst 2-week period in the last 12 months using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Negative binomial and logistic regression analyses were used to predict depressive symptom severity (PHQ-8 sum score) and presence of major depression (PHQ-8 sum score≥10) by the alcohol use measures.ResultsAnalyses revealed that depressive symptom severity and presence of major depression were significantly predicted by all alcohol use measures after controlling for sociodemographics and health behaviours (p<0.05). The relationships were curvilinear: lowest depressive symptom severity and odds of major depression were found for alcohol consumptions of 1.1 g/day, 10.5 g/occasion, 1 excessive consumption day/month, and those with an AUDIT score of 2. Higher depressive symptom severity and odds of major depression were found for both abstinence from and higher levels of alcohol consumption. Interaction analyses revealed steeper risk increases in women and younger individuals for most alcohol use measures.ConclusionFindings indicate that alcohol use and depression in medical care patients are associated in a curvilinear manner and that moderation by gender and age is present.

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Cross-Sectional Associations of Depressive Symptom Severity and Functioning with Health Service Use by Older People in Low-and-Middle Income Countries

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph120403774 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 3774-3792 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Conal Twomey ◽

Martin Prince ◽

Alarcos Cieza ◽

David Baldwin ◽

A. Prina

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Health Service ◽

Older People ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Service Use ◽

Health Service Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

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Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes mellitus by depressive symptom severity: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2011–2016

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e002268

Author(s):

Jaewon Lee ◽

Kyae Hyung Kim ◽

Joseph C Ahn ◽

Jihoon Andrew Kim ◽

Gyeongsil Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Group Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Group ◽

Control Of Diabetes ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

And Control

IntroductionDespite extensive studies on the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression, the associations of depressive symptom severity with prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes remain unclear. We aimed to investigate changes in these outcomes of diabetes as depressive symptoms aggravate.Research design and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 14 328 participants in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were classified into depressive symptom groups of none, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depending on their Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted in three models adjusted for expanding confounders to evaluate the associations between severity of depressive symptoms and prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of DM.ResultsAs depressive symptom severity worsened, both prevalence and awareness of DM increased regardless of models (p value for trend <0.01 in all models for prevalence and awareness; adjusted OR (aOR) 2.14, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.56 for prevalence in the severe group, model 1; aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.64 for awareness in the moderately severe group, model 1). Notwithstanding higher awareness of diabetes in the moderately severe and severe groups (84.5% and 86.2%, respectively, vs 71.3% in the none group), these groups were treated less (aOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.55 in the severe group, model 3) or inadequately controlled (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.98 in the moderately severe group, model 3).ConclusionsThe gap between patients’ higher awareness and lower treatment rate or control of diabetes among individuals with severe depressive symptoms highlights the unmet needs for postdiagnostic multidisciplinary care for patients with comorbid depression and DM.

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N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment to reduce depressive symptom severity when C-reactive protein levels are increased

10.26226/morressier.5971be83d462b80290b52f0e ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Adjunctive Treatment ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

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The contribution of depressive ‘disorder characteristics’ to determinations of prognosis for adults with depression: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721001367 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Joshua E. J. Buckman ◽

Rob Saunders ◽

Zachary D. Cohen ◽

Phoebe Barnett ◽

Katherine Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depressive Symptom ◽

Panic Disorder ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Individual Patient Data ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Patient Data ◽

History Of ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate general factors associated with prognosis regardless of the type of treatment received, for adults with depression in primary care. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central (inception to 12/01/2020) for RCTs that included the most commonly used comprehensive measure of depressive and anxiety disorder symptoms and diagnoses, in primary care depression RCTs (the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule: CIS-R). Two-stage random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Results Twelve (n = 6024) of thirteen eligible studies (n = 6175) provided individual patient data. There was a 31% (95%CI: 25 to 37) difference in depressive symptoms at 3–4 months per standard deviation increase in baseline depressive symptoms. Four additional factors: the duration of anxiety; duration of depression; comorbid panic disorder; and a history of antidepressant treatment were also independently associated with poorer prognosis. There was evidence that the difference in prognosis when these factors were combined could be of clinical importance. Adding these variables improved the amount of variance explained in 3–4 month depressive symptoms from 16% using depressive symptom severity alone to 27%. Risk of bias (assessed with QUIPS) was low in all studies and quality (assessed with GRADE) was high. Sensitivity analyses did not alter our conclusions. Conclusions When adults seek treatment for depression clinicians should routinely assess for the duration of anxiety, duration of depression, comorbid panic disorder, and a history of antidepressant treatment alongside depressive symptom severity. This could provide clinicians and patients with useful and desired information to elucidate prognosis and aid the clinical management of depression.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR INSOMNIA: INFLUENCE OF SLIGHT-TO-MODERATE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM SEVERITY AND WORRYING

Depression and Anxiety ◽

10.1002/da.22258 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 662-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Astrid B. H. Hamoen ◽

Else M. Redlich ◽

Al W. de Weerd

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

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Patient-reported outcomes before and after treatment of major depressive disorder

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.31887/dcns.2014.16.2/rcohen ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 171-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Burden Of Illness ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Before And After ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

The Impact ◽

Level 2

Patient reported outcomes (PROs) of quality of life (QoL), functioning, and depressive symptom severity are important in assessing the burden of illness of major depressive disorder (MDD) and to evaluate the impact of treatment. We sought to provide a detailed analysis of PROs before and after treatment of MDD from the large Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. This analysis examines PROs before and after treatment in the second level of STAR*D. The complete data on QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity, were analyzed for each STAR*D level 2 treatment. PROs of QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity showed substantial impairments after failing a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor trial using citalopram (level 1). The seven therapeutic options in level 2 had positive statistically (P values) and clinically (Cohen's standardized differences [Cohen's d]) significant impact on QoL, functioning, depressive symptom severity, and reduction in calculated burden of illness. There were no statistically significant differences between the interventions. However, a substantial proportion of patients still suffered from patient-reported QoL and functioning impairment after treatment, an effect that was more pronounced in nonremitters. PROs are crucial in understanding the impact of MDD and in examining the effects of treatment interventions, both in research and clinical settings.

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