scholarly journals Analysis of dimensional accuracy for micro-milled areal material measures with kinematic simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Klauer ◽  
Matthias Eifler ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Volker Böß ◽  
Jörg Seewig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Kinematic Simulation ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Target Values ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Effective Tool Radius

AbstractThe calibration of areal surface topography measuring instruments is of high relevance to estimate the measurement uncertainty and to guarantee the traceability of the measurement results. Calibration structures for optical measuring instruments must be sufficiently small to determine the limits of the instruments.Besides other methods, micro-milling is a suitable process for manufacturing areal material measures. For the manufacturing by micro-milling with ball end mills, the tool radius (effective cutter radius) is the corresponding limiting factor: if the tool radius is too large to penetrate the concave profile details without removing the surrounding material, deviations from the target geometry will occur. These deviations can be detected and excluded before experimental manufacturing with the aid of a kinematic simulation.In this study, a kinematic simulation model for the prediction of the dimensional accuracy of micro-milled areal material measures is developed and validated. Subsequently, a radius study is conducted to determine how the tool radius r of the tool influences the dimensional accuracy of an areal crossed sinusoidal (ACS) geometry according to ISO 25178-70 [1] with a defined amplitude d and period length p. The resulting theoretical surface texture parameters are evaluated and compared to the target values. It was shown that the surface texture parameters deviate from the nominal values depending on the effective cutter radius used. Based on the results of the study, it can be determined with which effective tool radius the measurands Sa and Sq of the material measures are best met. The ideal effective radius for the application considered is between 50 and 75 μm.

A Study on Surface Material Measures for Areal Surface Texture Measuring Instruments: Measuring Conditions for the Areal Profiling

2008 ◽  
Vol 381-382 ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Nemoto ◽  
Kazuhisa Yanagi ◽  
Masato Aketagawa ◽  
D. Kanda ◽  
I. Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Gauge Data ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Areal Surface ◽  
Measurement Area ◽  
Area Data

This paper describes the software gauge data for surface texture standard using the non-causal 2D auto-regressive model (A-R model). This model can provide with 3D irregular surface topography and intentional geometrical characteristics from specified surface texture parameters. The measurement area consists of a periodical combination of the generated sampling area data. The surface roughness parameters introduced from the gauge data on a defined evaluation area can be insensitive to size and location of the evaluation area size. Adequate measuring conditions to utilize the surface material measures were investigated and then the evaluation area and sampling distance for areal profiling by a stylus instrument were clarified.

scholarly journals Characterization of the surface of formworks – Influence of the surface energy and surface texture parameters on the demolding forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 121947
Author(s):  
Calypso Chadfeau ◽  
Safiullah Omary ◽  
Essia Belhaj ◽  
Christophe Fond ◽  
Françoise Feugeas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Texture Parameters

scholarly journals Analysis of High-Friction Surface Texture with Respect to Friction and Wear

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Cibi Pranav ◽  
Minh-Tan Do ◽  
Yi-Chang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Aggregate Loss ◽  
Friction Surfaces ◽  
The Impact

High Friction Surfaces (HFS) are applied to increase friction capacity on critical roadway sections, such as horizontal curves. HFS friction deterioration on these sections is a safety concern. This study deals with characterization of the aggregate loss, one of the main failure mechanisms of HFS, using texture parameters to study its relationship with friction. Tests are conducted on selected HFS spots with different aggregate loss severity levels at the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) Test Track. Friction tests are performed using a Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT). The surface texture is measured by means of a high-resolution 3D pavement scanning system (0.025 mm vertical resolution). Texture data are processed and analyzed by means of the MountainsMap software. The correlations between the DFT friction coefficient and the texture parameters confirm the impact of change in aggregates’ characteristics (including height, shape, and material volume) on friction. A novel approach to detect the HFS friction coefficient transition based on aggregate loss, inspired by previous works on the tribology of coatings, is proposed. Using the proposed approach, preliminary outcomes show it is possible to observe the rapid friction coefficient transition, similar to observations at NCAT. Perspectives for future research are presented and discussed.

Numerical and experimental study on the effect of surface texture with roughness orientation considered under a mixed lubrication state

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junru Wang ◽  
Quandai Wang ◽  
Yueyan Li ◽  
Meiling Guo ◽  
Pengyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Mixed Lubrication ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Laser Surface Texturing ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Texture Parameters

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of surface texture with roughness orientation considered on tribological properties under a mixed lubrication state numerically and experimentally. Design/methodology/approach Based on the average Reynolds equation and asperity contact model, the impacts of surface texture parameters and roughness orientation on lubrication properties have been calculated using finite difference method. Tin–bronze samples with various prescribed surface texture geometric parameters and roughness orientation were fabricated by laser surface texturing technique, and the tribology performance of the textured surface was studied experimentally. Findings The effects of surface geometric parameters and roughness orientation parameters have been discerned. The experimental observations are in good agreement with the numerical prediction, which suggests that the numerical scheme adopted in this work is suitable in capturing the surface texture and roughness effect under mixed lubrication state. Originality/value By meticulously controlling the surface roughness and surface texture geometric characteristics based on the laser surface texturing process, samples with prescribed surface texture parameters and roughness orientation consistent with that in theoretical studies were fabricated and the theoretical model and results were verified experimentally.

scholarly journals Cutting Performance of Different Coated Micro End Mills in Machining of Ti-6Al-4V

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Liang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Xibin Wang ◽  
Shidi Li ◽  
Tianfeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Edge Chipping ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Micro End Mill ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Flank Surface

Tool wear is a significant issue for the application of micro end mills. This can be significantly improved by coating materials on tool surfaces. This paper investigates the effects of different coating materials on tool wear in the micro milling of Ti-6Al-4V. A series of cutting experiments were conducted. The tool wear and workpiece surface morphology were investigated by analyzing the wear of the end flank surface and the total cutting edge. It was found that, without coating, serious tool wear and breakage occurred easily during milling. However, AlTiN-based and AlCrN-based coatings could highly reduce cutting edge chipping and flank wear. Specifically, The AlCrN-based coated mill presented less fracture resistance. For TiN coated micro end mill, only slight cutting edge chipping occurred. Compared with other types of tools, the AlTiN-based coated micro end mill could maximize tool life, bringing about an integrated cutting edges with the smallest surface roughness. In short, the AlTiN-based coating material is recommended for the micro end mill in the machining of Ti-6Al-4V.

scholarly journals Step-by-step control of target efficiency indices of the control and measuring equipment stock applied in construction and housing and communal services

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustam Khayrullin ◽  
Pavel Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Finite Difference Equations ◽  
Target Values ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Step Control ◽  
Different Levels

The mathematical model is considered for the formation and implementation of development strategies of the stock of control and measuring instruments (CMI) applied in construction and housing and communal services(HCS), and step-by-step control of efficiency target values of the stock. The model is based on a system of finite - difference equations describing the change of number of the CMI samples with different levels of technical perfection and technical condition at each planning interval. The model allows calculating the required number of CMI for procurement and repairs in the various groups for provide target values of efficiency indices at each planning interval. Controller is number of modern CMI samples for procurement and number of modern and obsolete faulty CMI samples for the repairs. The results of calculations are presented.

Estimation of Service Life of Mechanical Engineering Components

2019 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Oskars Linins ◽  
Ernests Jansons ◽  
Armands Leitans ◽  
Irina Boiko ◽  
Janis Lungevics
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Service Time ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Material Fatigue ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
3D Surface Texture

The paper is aimed to the methodology for estimation of service life of mechanical engineering components in the case of elastic-plastic contact of surfaces. Well-known calculation methods depending on physics, theory of probability, the analysis of friction pair’ shape and fit include a number of parameters that are difficult or even impossible to be technologically controlled in the manufacturing of mechanical engineering components. The new approach for wear rate estimation using surface texture parameters as well as physical-mechanical properties and geometric parameters of components is proposed. The theoretical part of the calculations is based on the 3D surface texture principles, the basics of material fatigue theory, the theory of elasticity and the contact mechanics of surfaces. It is possible to calculate the service time of the machine, but the process of running-in of the components is relatively short (less than 5%), therefore, the service time is mainly determined by a normal operating period, which also was used to evaluate this period. The calculated input parameters are technologically and metrologically available and new method for calculating the service time can be used in the design process of the equipment. The results of approbation of the method for estimation service time of mechanical engineering, which prove the applicability of mentioned method, are offered as well.

Automated Gaging of Surface Texture on Engine Components

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turker Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Engine Components ◽  
Selection Of

Surface texture of engine components such as crankshafts and camshafts is one of the most important factors that determine the performance, efficiency and the operating life of an internal combustion engine. Current practices and the challenges faced by design engineers in specifying the target surface topography to meet these goals have been reviewed. Once specified, the surface texture must be measured fast, accurately and repeatably in the rough environment of an engine manufacturing plant. The key components of an automated skidded surface finish measuring gage designed with these criteria in mind are described in this paper. The gage has 7 axes of motion and 3 stylus probes oriented in the axial and radial directions to take axial and facial measurements on journal and cam lobe surfaces and thrust bearing surfaces. The selection of surface texture parameters to best describe the desired surface texture of these engine components was investigated. The final stage of surface preparation is often the superfinishing process. The measurement gage must be able to provide the sensitivity and repeatability that are required for measuring the finely finished surfaces generated by this process. Typical surface texture results of a superfinishing process achieved on crankshafts are described. The results of a Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (R&R) study performed on the surface texture measuring gage are presented.

scholarly journals Functional Importance of Surface Texture Parameters

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5326
Author(s):  
Pawel Pawlus ◽  
Rafal Reizer ◽  
Michal Wieczorowski
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Functional Importance ◽  
Hybrid Functional ◽  
Functional Feature ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Selection Of

Areal 3D analysis of surface texture gives more opportunities than a study of 2D profiles. Surface topography evaluation, considered as 3D dimensional analysis in micro or nanoscales, plays an important role in many fields of science and life. Among many texture parameters, those connected with height are the most often used. However, there are many other parameters and functions that can provide additional important information regarding functional behaviour of surfaces in different applications. The knowledge about the functional importance of various surface properties is low. This review tries to fill this gap. Surface texture parameters are presented in various groups: height, spatial, hybrid, functional, feature, and others. Based on experiences of the present authors and literature review, the relationships among various surface parameters and functional properties are described. A proposal of a selection of parameters on the basis of their functional significations is provided. Considerations for future challenges are addressed.

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