Cell type-specific in vivo expression of genes encoding signalling molecules in the brain in response to chronic mild stress and chronic treatment with fluoxetine

2015 ◽  
Vol 232 (15) ◽  
pp. 2827-2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Dong ◽  
Baoman Li ◽  
Alexei Verkhratsky ◽  
Liang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Microstructural and Metabolic Recovery of Anhedonic Rat Brains: An In Vivo Diffusion MRI and 1H-MRS Approach

Data ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khan ◽  
Sune Jespersen ◽  
Ove Wiborg ◽  
Christopher Kroenke ◽  
Brian Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Ventral Hippocampus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
The Brain

This article presents longitudinal 1H-MR Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) data from ventral hippocampus and in vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) data of the brain from control and anhedonic rats. The 1H-MRS and dMRI data were acquired using a 9.4 T preclinical imaging system. Before MRI experiments, animals were exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress exposure for eight weeks and on the basis of a sucrose consumption test were identified as anhedonic and resilient. An age-matched group of animals, unexposed to the unpredictable chronic mild stress paradigm was considered as control. Data was acquired at the age of 18, 20 and 25 weeks in the anhedonic group and at the age of 18 and 22 weeks in the control group. This multimodal MRI data provides metabolic information of ventral hippocampus and dMRI based microstructural parameters of the brain.

scholarly journals Cell type-specific biotin labeling in vivo resolves regional neuronal proteomic differences in mouse brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruti Rayaprolu ◽  
Sara Bitarafan ◽  
Ranjita Betarbet ◽  
Sydney N Sunna ◽  
Lihong Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Brain

Isolation and proteomic profiling of brain cell types, particularly neurons, pose several technical challenges which limit our ability to resolve distinct cellular phenotypes in neurological diseases. Therefore, we generated a novel mouse line that enables cell type-specific expression of a biotin ligase, TurboID, via Cre-lox strategy for in vivo proximity-dependent biotinylation of proteins. Using adenoviral-based and transgenic approaches, we show striking protein biotinylation in neuronal cell bodies and axons throughout the mouse brain. We quantified more than 2,000 neuron-derived proteins following enrichment that mapped to numerous subcellular compartments. Synaptic, transmembrane transporters, ion channel subunits, and disease-relevant druggable targets were among the most significantly enriched proteins. Remarkably, we resolved brain region-specific proteomic profiles of Camk2a neurons with distinct functional molecular signatures and disease associations that may underlie regional neuronal vulnerability. Leveraging the neuronal specificity of this in vivo biotinylation strategy, we used an antibody-based approach to uncover regionally unique patterns of neuron-derived signaling phospho-proteins and cytokines, particularly in the cortex and cerebellum. Our work provides a proteomic framework to investigate cell type-specific mechanisms driving physiological and pathological states of the brain as well as complex tissues beyond the brain.

scholarly journals The CrebA/Creb3-like transcription factors are major and direct regulators of secretory capacity

2010 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Fox ◽  
Caitlin D. Hanlon ◽  
Deborah J. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
General Protein ◽  
Secretory Capacity

Secretion occurs in all cells, with relatively low levels in most cells and extremely high levels in specialized secretory cells, such as those of the pancreas, salivary, and mammary glands. How secretory capacity is selectively up-regulated in specialized secretory cells is unknown. Here, we find that the CrebA/Creb3-like family of bZip transcription factors functions to up-regulate expression of both the general protein machinery required in all cells for secretion and of cell type–specific secreted proteins. Drosophila CrebA directly binds the enhancers of secretory pathway genes and is both necessary and sufficient to activate expression of every secretory pathway component gene examined thus far. Microarray profiling reveals that CrebA also up-regulates expression of genes encoding cell type–specific secreted components. Finally, we found that the human CrebA orthologues, Creb3L1 and Creb3L2, have the ability to up-regulate the secretory pathway in nonsecretory cell types.

Alternative mechanisms for trafficking of lysosomal enzymes in mannose 6-phosphate receptor-deficient mice are cell type-specific

1999 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dittmer ◽  
E.J. Ulbrich ◽  
A. Hafner ◽  
W. Schmahl ◽  
T. Meister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Mannose 6 Phosphate ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Viable mice nullizygous in genes encoding the 300 kDa and the 46 kDa mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPR 300 and MPR 46) and the insulin like growth factor II (IGF II) were generated to study the trafficking of lysosomal enzymes in the absence of MPRs. The mice have an I-cell disease-like phenotype, with increase of lysosomal enzymes in serum and normal activities in tissues. Surprisingly, the ability of MPR-deficient cells to transport newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes to lysosomes and the underlying mechanisms were found to depend on the cell type. MPR-deficient thymocytes target newly synthesized cathepsin D to lysosomes via an intracellular route. In contrast, hepatocytes and fibroblasts secrete newly synthesized cathepsin D. In fibroblasts recapture of secreted lysosomal enzymes, including that of cathepsin D, is limited and results in lysosomal storage, both in vivo and in vitro, whereas recapture by hepatocytes is remarkably effective in vivo and can result in lysosomal enzyme levels even above normal.

Chronic Mild Stress Increases the Expression of Genes Encoding Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Rat Brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Stepanichev ◽  
D. I. Peregud ◽  
A. O. Manolova ◽  
N. A. Lazareva ◽  
M. V. Onufriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding

ITag-RNA Allows in Vivo Cell-Type Specific Transcriptional Characterization and Tracking of Circulating Transcripts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Darr ◽  
M. Lassi ◽  
R. Gerlini ◽  
F. Scheid ◽  
M. Hrabě de Angelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals In vivo transcriptome analysis provides insights into host-dependent expression of virulence factors by Yersinia entomophaga MH96, during infection of Galleria mellonella

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber R Paulson ◽  
Maureen O’Callaghan ◽  
Xue-Xian Zhang ◽  
Paul B Rainey ◽  
Mark R H Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Insecticidal Toxin ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cell Densities

Abstract The function of microbes can be inferred from knowledge of genes specifically expressed in natural environments. Here, we report the in vivo transcriptome of the entomopathogenic bacterium Yersinia entomophaga MH96, captured during initial, septicemic, and pre-cadaveric stages of intrahemocoelic infection in Galleria mellonella. A total of 1285 genes were significantly upregulated by MH96 during infection; 829 genes responded to in vivo conditions during at least one stage of infection, 289 responded during two stages of infection, and 167 transcripts responded throughout all three stages of infection compared to in vitro conditions at equivalent cell densities. Genes upregulated during the earliest infection stage included components of the insecticidal toxin complex Yen-TC (chi1, chi2, and yenC1), genes for rearrangement hotspot element containing protein yenC3, cytolethal distending toxin cdtAB, and vegetative insecticidal toxin vip2. Genes more highly expressed throughout the infection cycle included the putative heat-stable enterotoxin yenT and three adhesins (usher-chaperone fimbria, filamentous hemagglutinin, and an AidA-like secreted adhesin). Clustering and functional enrichment of gene expression data also revealed expression of genes encoding type III and VI secretion system-associated effectors. Together these data provide insight into the pathobiology of MH96 and serve as an important resource supporting efforts to identify novel insecticidal agents.

scholarly journals Histone modifications form a cell-type-specific chromosomal bar code that persists through the cell cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Halsall ◽  
Simon Andrews ◽  
Felix Krueger ◽  
Charlotte E. Rutledge ◽  
Gabriella Ficz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Bar Code ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Rolling Windows

AbstractChromatin configuration influences gene expression in eukaryotes at multiple levels, from individual nucleosomes to chromatin domains several Mb long. Post-translational modifications (PTM) of core histones seem to be involved in chromatin structural transitions, but how remains unclear. To explore this, we used ChIP-seq and two cell types, HeLa and lymphoblastoid (LCL), to define how changes in chromatin packaging through the cell cycle influence the distributions of three transcription-associated histone modifications, H3K9ac, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. We show that chromosome regions (bands) of 10–50 Mb, detectable by immunofluorescence microscopy of metaphase (M) chromosomes, are also present in G1 and G2. They comprise 1–5 Mb sub-bands that differ between HeLa and LCL but remain consistent through the cell cycle. The same sub-bands are defined by H3K9ac and H3K4me3, while H3K27me3 spreads more widely. We found little change between cell cycle phases, whether compared by 5 Kb rolling windows or when analysis was restricted to functional elements such as transcription start sites and topologically associating domains. Only a small number of genes showed cell-cycle related changes: at genes encoding proteins involved in mitosis, H3K9 became highly acetylated in G2M, possibly because of ongoing transcription. In conclusion, modified histone isoforms H3K9ac, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 exhibit a characteristic genomic distribution at resolutions of 1 Mb and below that differs between HeLa and lymphoblastoid cells but remains remarkably consistent through the cell cycle. We suggest that this cell-type-specific chromosomal bar-code is part of a homeostatic mechanism by which cells retain their characteristic gene expression patterns, and hence their identity, through multiple mitoses.

Differential pial and penetrating arterial responses examined by optogenetic activation of astrocytes and neurons

2021 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2110103
Author(s):  
Nao Hatakeyama ◽  
Miyuki Unekawa ◽  
Juri Murata ◽  
Yutaka Tomita ◽  
Norihiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Function Type ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Arterial Responses

A variety of brain cells participates in neurovascular coupling by transmitting and modulating vasoactive signals. The present study aimed to probe cell type-dependent cerebrovascular (i.e., pial and penetrating arterial) responses with optogenetics in the cortex of anesthetized mice. Two lines of the transgenic mice expressing a step function type of light-gated cation channel (channelrhodopsine-2; ChR2) in either cortical neurons (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) or astrocytes (Mlc1-positive) were used in the experiments. Photo-activation of ChR2-expressing astrocytes resulted in a widespread increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF), extending to the nonstimulated periphery. In contrast, photo-activation of ChR2-expressing neurons led to a relatively localized increase in CBF. The differences in the spatial extent of the CBF responses are potentially explained by differences in the involvement of the vascular compartments. In vivo imaging of the cerebrovascular responses revealed that ChR2-expressing astrocyte activation led to the dilation of both pial and penetrating arteries, whereas ChR2-expressing neuron activation predominantly caused dilation of the penetrating arterioles. Pharmacological studies showed that cell type-specific signaling mechanisms participate in the optogenetically induced cerebrovascular responses. In conclusion, pial and penetrating arterial vasodilation were differentially evoked by ChR2-expressing astrocytes and neurons.

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