scholarly journals Pro-vegetarian food patterns and cardiometabolic risk in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional baseline analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas ◽  
Jesús Vioque ◽  
Sandra González-Palacios ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
Randomized Intervention Study

Abstract Purpose We explored the cross-sectional association between the adherence to three different provegetarian (PVG) food patterns defined as general (gPVG), healthful (hPVG) and unhealthful (uPVG), and the cardiometabolic risk in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized intervention study. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 6439 participants of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized intervention study. The gPVG food pattern was built by positively scoring plant foods (vegetables/fruits/legumes/grains/potatoes/nuts/olive oil) and negatively scoring, animal foods (meat and meat products/animal fats/eggs/fish and seafood/dairy products). The hPVG and uPVG were generated from the gPVG by adding four new food groups (tea and coffee/fruit juices/sugar-sweetened beverages/sweets and desserts), splitting grains and potatoes and scoring them differently. Multivariable-adjusted robust linear regression using MM-type estimator was used to assess the association between PVG food patterns and the standardized Metabolic Syndrome score (MetS z-score), a composed index that has been previously used to ascertain the cardiometabolic risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Results A higher adherence to the gPVG and hPVG was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in multivariable models. The regression coefficients for 5th vs. 1st quintile were − 0.16 (95% CI: − 0.33 to 0.01) for gPVG (p trend: 0.015), and − 0.23 (95% CI: − 0.41 to − 0.05) for hPVG (p trend: 0.016). In contrast, a higher adherence to the uPVG was associated with higher cardiometabolic risk, 0.21 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.38) (p trend: 0.019). Conclusion Higher adherence to gPVG and hPVG food patterns was generally associated with lower cardiovascular risk, whereas higher adherence to uPVG was associated to higher cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Improving the position of resuscitation team leader with simulation (IMPORTS); a pilot cross-sectional randomized intervention study

Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (49) ◽  
pp. e18201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail M. Saiboon ◽  
Farah N. Apoo ◽  
Shamsuriani M. Jamal ◽  
Afliza A. Bakar ◽  
Fadzlon M. Yatim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
Randomized Intervention Study ◽  
Resuscitation Team

scholarly journals A minimally processed dietary pattern is associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome among Lebanese adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Nasreddine ◽  
Hani Tamim ◽  
Leila Itani ◽  
Mona P Nasrallah ◽  
Hussain Isma’eel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds

AbstractObjectiveTo (i) estimate the consumption of minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed foods in a sample of Lebanese adults; (ii) explore patterns of intakes of these food groups; and (iii) investigate the association of the derived patterns with cardiometabolic risk.DesignCross-sectional survey. Data collection included dietary assessment using an FFQ and biochemical, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Food items were categorized into twenty-five groups based on the NOVA food classification. The contribution of each food group to total energy intake (TEI) was estimated. Patterns of intakes of these food groups were examined using exploratory factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of derived patterns with cardiometabolic risk factors.SettingGreater Beirut area, Lebanon.SubjectsAdults ≥18 years (n 302) with no prior history of chronic diseases.ResultsOf TEI, 36·53 and 27·10 % were contributed by ultra-processed and minimally processed foods, respectively. Two dietary patterns were identified: the ‘ultra-processed’ and the ‘minimally processed/processed’. The ‘ultra-processed’ consisted mainly of fast foods, snacks, meat, nuts, sweets and liquor, while the ‘minimally processed/processed’ consisted mostly of fruits, vegetables, legumes, breads, cheeses, sugar and fats. Participants in the highest quartile of the ‘minimally processed/processed’ pattern had significantly lower odds for metabolic syndrome (OR=0·18, 95 % CI 0·04, 0·77), hyperglycaemia (OR=0·25, 95 % CI 0·07, 0·98) and low HDL cholesterol (OR=0·17, 95 % CI 0·05, 0·60).ConclusionsThe study findings may be used for the development of evidence-based interventions aimed at encouraging the consumption of minimally processed foods.

scholarly journals Relation between uric acid and metabolic syndrome in subjects with cardiometabolic risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen Abreu da Silva ◽  
Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro ◽  
Josefina Bressan ◽  
Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Objective To identify possible relations between serum uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome and its components in a population with cardiometabolic risk. Methods This cross-sectional study included 80 subjects (46 women), with mean age of 48±16 years, seen at the Cardiovascular Health Program. Results The prevalence of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome was 6.3% and 47.1%, respectively. Uric acid level was significantly higher in individuals with metabolic syndrome (5.1±1.6mg/dL), as compared to those with no syndrome or with pre-syndrome (3.9±1.2 and 4.1±1.3mg/dL, respectively; p<0.05). The uric acid levels were significantly higher in men presenting abdominal obesity, and among women with abdominal obesity, lower HDL-c levels and higher blood pressure (p<0.05). Conclusion Uric acid concentrations were positively related to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components, and there were differences between genders. Our results indicate serum uric acid as a potential biomarker for patients with cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1364-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janett Barbaresko ◽  
Sabine Siegert ◽  
Manja Koch ◽  
Imke Aits ◽  
Wolfgang Lieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
German Population ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

scholarly journals Projected effects on salt purchases following implementation of a national salt reduction policy in South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Rhoda N. Ndanuko ◽  
Maria Shahid ◽  
Alexandra Jones ◽  
Terry Harris ◽  
Joel Maboreke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Objective: To assess the contribution of different food groups to total salt purchases and to evaluate the estimated reduction in salt purchases if mandatory maximum salt limits in South African legislation were being complied with. Design: This study conducted a cross-sectional analysis of purchasing data from Discovery Vitality members. Data were linked to the South African FoodSwitch database to determine the salt content of each food product purchased. Food category and total annual salt purchases were determined by summing salt content (kg) per each unit purchased across a whole year. Reductions in annual salt purchases were estimated by applying legislated maximum limits to product salt content. Setting: South Africa Participants: The study utilised purchasing data from 344,161 households, members of Discovery Vitality, collected for a whole year between January and December 2018. Results: Vitality members purchased R12.8 billion worth of food products in 2018, representing 9,562 products from which 264,583 kg of salt were purchased. The main contributors to salt purchases were bread and bakery products (23.3%); meat and meat products (19%); dairy (12.2%); sauces, dressings, spreads and dips (11.8%); and convenience foods (8.7%). The projected total quantity of salt that would be purchased after implementation of the salt legislation was 250,346 kg, a reduction of 5.4% from 2018 levels. Conclusions: A projected reduction in salt purchases of 5.4% from 2018 levels suggests that meeting the mandatory maximum salt limits in South Africa will make a meaningful contribution to reducing salt purchases.

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