scholarly journals Magnesium intake and vascular structure and function: the Hoorn Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma A. Vermeulen ◽  
Hanne B. T. de Jong ◽  
Alexander G. A. Blomjous ◽  
Coby Eelderink ◽  
Tiny Hoekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
And Function

Abstract Purpose Circulating and dietary magnesium have been shown to be inversely associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in both high and low-risk populations. We aimed to examine the association between dietary magnesium intake and several measures of vascular structure and function in a prospective cohort. Methods We included 789 participants who participated in the vascular screening sub-cohort of the Hoorn Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study. Baseline dietary magnesium intake was estimated with a validated food frequency questionnaire and categorised in energy-adjusted magnesium intake tertiles. Several measurements of vascular structure and function were performed at baseline and most measurements were repeated after 8 years of follow-up (n = 432). Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to study the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of magnesium intake and intima-media thickness (IMT), augmentation index (Aix), pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Results Mean absolute magnesium intake was 328 ± 83 mg/day and prior CVD and DM2 was present in 55 and 41% of the participants, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses did not demonstrate associations between magnesium intake and any of the vascular outcomes. Participants in the highest compared to the lowest magnesium intake tertile demonstrated in fully adjusted cross-sectional analyses a PWV of −0.21 m/s (95% confidence interval −1.95, 1.52), a FMD of −0.03% (−0.89, 0.83) and in longitudinal analyses an IMT of 0.01 mm (−0.03, 0.06), an Aix of 0.70% (−1.69, 3.07) and an odds ratio of 0.84 (0.23, 3.11) for PAD Conclusion We did not find associations between dietary magnesium intake and multiple markers of vascular structure and function, in either cross-sectional or longitudinal analyses.

scholarly journals Serum Superoxide Dismutase Is Associated with Vascular Structure and Function in Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos ◽  
Ana M. Blázquez-Medela ◽  
Luis Gamella-Pozuelo ◽  
José I. Recio-Rodriguez ◽  
Luis García-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness Index ◽  
And Function

Oxidative stress is associated with cardiac and vascular defects leading to hypertension and atherosclerosis, being superoxide dismutase (SOD) one of the main intracellular antioxidant defence mechanisms. Although several parameters of vascular function and structure have a predictive value for cardiovascular morbidity-mortality in hypertensive patients, there are no studies on the involvement of SOD serum levels with these vascular parameters. Thus, we assessed if SOD serum levels are correlated with parameters of vascular function and structure and with cardiovascular risk in hypertensive and type 2 diabetic patients. We enrolled 255 consecutive hypertensive and diabetic patients and 52 nondiabetic and nonhypertensive controls. SOD levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Vascular function and structure were evaluated by pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, ambulatory arterial stiffness index, and carotid intima-media thickness. We detected negative correlations between SOD and pressure wave velocity, peripheral and central augmentation index and ambulatory arterial stiffness index, pulse pressure, and plasma HDL-cholesterol, as well as positive correlations between SOD and plasma uric acid and triglycerides. Our study shows that SOD is a marker of cardiovascular alterations in hypertensive and diabetic patients, since changes in its serum levels are correlated with alterations in vascular structure and function.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hypertriglyceridemia on Arterial Structure and Function Parameters in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egidija Rinkūnienė ◽  
Vilma Dženkevičiūtė ◽  
Žaneta Petrulionienė ◽  
Egle Majauskiene ◽  
Ligita Ryliškytė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Arterial Structure ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) augments risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), but pathophysiological mechanisms of this relation are still under discussion. Overlapping CVD risk factors make it difficult to assess the importance of individual elements. This study aimed to analyze subclinical atherosclerosis based on arterial structure and function parameters in patients with MetS and different triglycerides (TG) levels.Methods: Patients (aged 40-65 years) were divided into two groups: patients with MetS and with or without hypertriglyceridemia (hTG). Noninvasive assessment of vascular parameters—aortic augmentation index adjusted for heart rate 75 bpm (AIxHR75), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA IMT)—were performed.Results: Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) and carotid-radial PWV (crPWV) were significantly higher in patients with hTG. After adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, fasting glucose, smoking status, cardiovascular family history and mean arterial pressure, crPWV (OR: 1.150; CI 95%: 1.04-1.28), cfPWV (OR: 1.283; CI 95%: 1.14-1.42) and CCA IMT (OR: 1.13; CI 95%: 1.02-1.25) were significantly associated with hTG (p<0.05), while AIxHR75 did not show significant association.Conclusion: Increased TG are independently associated with a cfPWV, crPWV, and CCA IMT, but not with a higher AIxHR75.

14.2 LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN VASCULAR STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OVER A 5 YEAR PERIOD IN TWINS UK COHORT

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (C) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina Cecelja ◽  
Benyu Jiang ◽  
Tim Spector ◽  
Phil Chowienczyk
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Comorbidity and Ventricular and Vascular Structure and Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma F. Mohammed ◽  
Barry A. Borlaug ◽  
Véronique L. Roger ◽  
Sultan A. Mirzoyev ◽  
Richard J. Rodeheffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Lower leg muscle structure and function are altered in long-distance runners with medial tibial stress syndrome: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Mattock ◽  
Julie R. Steele ◽  
Karen J. Mickle
Keyword(s):  
Lower Leg ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common lower leg injury experienced by runners. Although numerous risk factors are reported in the literature, many are non-modifiable and management of the injury remains difficult. Lower leg muscle structure and function are modifiable characteristics that influence tibial loading during foot-ground contact. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether long-distance runners with MTSS displayed differences in in vivo lower leg muscle structure and function than matched asymptomatic runners. Methods Lower leg structure was assessed using ultrasound and a measure of lower leg circumference to quantify muscle cross-sectional area, thickness and lean lower leg girth. Lower leg function was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer to quantify maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength and a single leg heel raise protocol was used to measure ankle plantar flexor endurance. Outcome variables were compared between the limbs of long-distance runners suffering MTSS (n = 20) and matched asymptomatic controls (n = 20). Means, standard deviations, 95 % confidence intervals, mean differences and Cohen’s d values were calculated for each variable for the MTSS symptomatic and control limbs. Results MTSS symptomatic limbs displayed a significantly smaller flexor hallucis longus cross-sectional area, a smaller soleus thickness but a larger lateral gastrocnemius thickness than the control limbs. However, there was no statistical difference in lean lower leg girth. Compared to the matched control limbs, MTSS symptomatic limbs displayed deficits in maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength of the flexor hallucis longus, soleus, tibialis anterior and peroneal muscles, and reduced ankle plantar flexor endurance capacity. Conclusions Differences in lower leg muscle structure and function likely render MTSS symptomatic individuals less able to withstand the negative tibial bending moment generated during midstance, potentially contributing to the development of MTSS. The clinical implications of these findings suggest that rehabilitation protocols for MTSS symptomatic individuals should aim to improve strength of the flexor hallucis longus, soleus, tibialis anterior and peroneal muscles along with ankle plantar flexor endurance. However, the cross-sectional study design prevents us determining whether between group differences were a cause or effect of MTSS. Therefore, future prospective studies are required to substantiate the study findings.

scholarly journals The Association Between the Cardio-ankle Vascular Index and Other Parameters of Vascular Structure and Function in Caucasian Adults: MARK Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Gomez-Sanchez ◽  
Luis Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Maria C Patino-Alonso ◽  
José I Recio-Rodriguez ◽  
Guillermo Frontera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
And Function
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