Normative data for static balance testing in healthy individuals using open source computerized posturography

Synesthesia is a neurological phenomenon in which healthy individuals experience additional, automatic, and consistent perceptions unrelated to veridical sensory input. For most of the most common forms of synesthesia, the additional sensation is a color: grapheme-color synesthetes experience specific letters of the alphabet as having specific colors, tone-color synesthetes experience specific sounds as having specific colors, etc. The “gold standard” method to diagnose X-to-color synesthesia is to measure test-retest consistency: synesthetes use a colorpicker to choose the color they experience for a particular stimulus, and then are retested minutes, months, or even years later; genuine synesthetes experience highly consistent associations across time. There is not currently an open source tool to collect color associations from synesthetes. In addition to presenting a technical barrier for entry into synesthesia research, the lack of an open source standard has also led to a proliferation of (slightly) different choices in methodology from lab to lab. In the present work, I use colorpicker experiements in synesthetes and controls to demonstrate that even small methodological details in test-retest experiments can profoundly influence the resulting data. I use this data to generate an online color picker with ideal experimental properties. The colorpicker is open source (available on a Github respository) and can be implemented by anyone with an account on the Qualtrics platform, one of the most common online experimental platforms in the world.

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Validation Study of Italian Version of Inventory for DéJà vu Experiences Assessment (I-IDEA): A Screening Tool to Detect DéJà vu Phenomenon in Italian Healthy Individuals

10.20944/preprints201707.0022.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Mumoli ◽

Giovanni Tripepi ◽

Umberto Aguglia ◽

Antonio Augimeri ◽

Rossella Baggetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Subjects ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Normative Data ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Italian Version ◽

Neurological Patients ◽

Idea Test

The Inventory Déjà Vu Experiences Assessment (IDEA) is the only screening instrument proposed to evaluate Déjà vu (DV) experience. Here we intended to validate the Italian version of IDEA (I-IDEA) and at the same time to investigate the incidence and subjective qualities of DV phenomenon in Italian healthy adult individuals on basis of an Italian multicentre observational study. In this study we report normative data on the I-IDEA, collected on a sample of 542 Italian healthy subjects aging between 18 to 70 years (average age 40, range 18-70) with a formal educational from 1-19 years. From September 2013 to March 2016 were recruited 542 healthy volunteers from ten outpatient neurological clinics in ItalyAll participants (i.e family members of neurological patients enrolled, medicine’s student, physicians) had no neurological or psychiatric illness and they gave informed consent to participate in the study. All subjects enrolled had self-administered the questionnaire and they are able to complete I-IDEA test without any support. In total 396 (73%) of the 542 healthy controls had DV phenomenon. The frequency of DV was inversely related to age as well as to derealisation, jamais vu, precognitive dreams, depersonalization, paranormal activity, remembering dreams, travel frequency and daydreams (all P<0.012). The Italian version of IDEA maintains good properties in Italian version, thus confirming that this instrument is reliable for detecting and characterising the DV phenomenon.

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An Open-source Static Threshold Perimetry Test Using Remote Eye-tracking (Eyecatcher): Description, Validation, and Preliminary Normative Data

Translational Vision Science & Technology ◽

10.1167/tvst.9.8.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Pete R. Jones

Keyword(s):

Eye Tracking ◽

Open Source ◽

Normative Data ◽

Static Threshold

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Open Source Affordable Balance Testing based on a Nintendo Wii Balance Board

10.1109/ehb52898.2021.9657617 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Hyldgaard ◽

Frederik Jarosch von Schweder ◽

Qasim Ali ◽

Ilona Heldal ◽

Mari Kalland Knapstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Nintendo Wii ◽

Balance Testing ◽

Wii Balance Board ◽

Balance Board

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Autobiographical memory. Sensitivity to age and education of a standardized enquiry

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700011181 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Giuseppina Borrini ◽

Paola Dall'Ora ◽

Sergio Della Sala ◽

Laura Marinelli ◽

Hans Spinnler

Keyword(s):

Standardized Testing ◽

Autobiographical Memory ◽

Normative Data ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Scoring Methods ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Late Adulthood ◽

Life Period ◽

Significant Factors

SynopsisA structured enquiry for assessing autobiographical memory is proposed. It is made up of three standardized time-cued sets of questions focusing on three life periods: adolescence, early and late adulthood, with five questions for each life period. Standardized testing procedure, checking for veracity and scoring methods are described. Normative data from 157 healthy individuals aged over 55 are converted into ‘equivalent scores’ for use with the enquiry and for diagnostic purposes. Education and ageing, but not sex, appear to be significant factors in the efficiency of retrieval from the autobiographic repertoire.

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Accelerometric Assessment of Postural Balance in Children: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11010008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jose L. García-Soidán ◽

Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽

Vicente Romo-Pérez ◽

Jesús García-Liñeira

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

Postural Balance ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Static Balance ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Evaluation Tool ◽

Systematic Method

The correct development of postural control in children is fundamental to ensure that they fully reach their psychomotor capacities. However, this capacity is one of the least studied in the clinical and academic scope regarding children. The objective of this study was to analyze the degree of implementation of accelerometry as an evaluation technique for postural control in children and how it is being used. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, SpringerLink, SportsDiscus, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science with the following terms: balance, postural control, children, kids, accelerometry, and accelerometer. Results: The search generated a total of 18 articles. Two groups of studies were differentiated: those which exclusively included healthy individuals (n = 5) and those which included children with pathologies (n = 13). Accelerometry is being used in children mainly to assess the gait and static balance, as well as to identify the differences between healthy children and children with developmental disorders. Conclusions: Accelerometry has a discrete degree of implementation as an evaluation tool to assess postural control. It is necessary to define a systematic method for the evaluation of postural control in pediatrics, in order to delve into the development of this capacity and its alterations in different neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Normative Ambulatory Reflux Monitoring Metrics for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: A Systematic Review of 720 Healthy Individuals

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/01945998211029831 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019459982110298

Author(s):

Jerome R. Lechien ◽

Walter W. Chan ◽

Lee M. Akst ◽

Toshitaka Hoppo ◽

Blair A. Jobe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Normative Data ◽

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Ph Sensor ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Multicenter Studies ◽

Weakly Acid ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance Ph

Objectives To review the normative data for acid, weakly acid, and nonacid proximal esophageal (PRE) and hypopharyngeal reflux (HRE) events in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) using ambulatory reflux monitoring. Data Sources PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Review Methods A literature search was conducted about the normative data for PRE and HRE on multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring (MII-pH), hypopharyngeal-esophageal MII-pH (HEMII-pH), or oropharyngeal pH monitoring using PICOTS (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing, and setting) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statements. Outcomes reviewed included device characteristics, impedance/pH sensor placements, study duration, number/average and percentiles of PRE or HRE occurrence, and the event characteristics (pH, composition, and position). Results Of 154 identified studies, 18 met criteria for analysis, including 720 healthy individuals. HEMII-pH, MII-pH, and oropharyngeal pH monitoring were used in 7, 6, and 5 studies, respectively. The definition and inclusion/exclusion criteria of healthy individuals varied substantially across studies, with 6 studies considering only digestive symptoms to exclude potential LPR patients. Substantial heterogeneity across studies was noted, including impedance/pH sensor placements/configurations and definitions of composition (liquid, gas, mixed) and type (acid, weakly acid, nonacid) of PRE/HRE. The 95th percentile thresholds were 10 to 73 events for PRE, 0 to 10 events for HRE on HEMII-pH, and 40 to 128 for events with pH <6.0 on oropharyngeal pH monitoring. Most HREs were nonacid and occurred upright. The mean HRE among healthy individuals was 1. Conclusion The low number of studies and the heterogeneity in inclusion criteria, definitions, and characterization of PRE and HRE limit the establishment of consensual normative criteria for LPR on ambulatory reflux monitoring. Future large multicenter studies are needed.

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Normative data on transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential from the tongue

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2020-9-24-28 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

V. B. Voitenkov ◽

V. N. Komantsev ◽

A. V. Klimkin ◽

M. A. Bedova ◽

E. V. Ekusheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Normative Data ◽

Evoked Potential ◽

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

Motor Evoked Potential ◽

Single Pulse ◽

Middle Line ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Average Amplitude ◽

Average Latency

Our aim was to determine parameters of motor evoked potential (MEP) from the tongue in healthy persons.Methods. 25 healthy individuals (average age 22.4 ± 6.2 years, range 18–41 years, 12 females & 13 males) were enrolled. All underwent diagnostic TMS, single-pulse protocol, 90-sm round coil, Neiro-MS-D device. Coil was placed on Fz point, registration was performed by the surface electrode on the middle line of the tongue.Results. MEP was registered in all cases, its average latency was 7.14 ± 0.63 ms, average amplitude — 1.79 ± 1.09 μV. There were no gender & age differences.Conclusion. In healthy people aged 18–41 years MEP from the tongue may be registered in 100% of the cases; its average latency is 7.14 ± 0.63 ms, average amplitude — 1.79 ± 1.09 μV; there are no significant age & gender differences. TMS of the tongue according to this protocol is relatively simple, not time-and efforts-consuming & may be widely implemented in clinical neurophysiology.

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Aging and Sex Effects on Mastication Performance in Healthy, Nondysphagic, Community-Dwelling Adults

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00097 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 705-713

Author(s):

Erin M. Milford ◽

Bin Wang ◽

Kimberly Smith ◽

Dahye Choi ◽

Bonnie Martin-Harris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Normative Data ◽

Performance Metrics ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Weak Effect ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study ◽

Sex Effects ◽

The Impact ◽

Effect Of Age ◽

Age And Sex

Purpose This study investigated the impact of age and sex on mastication performance in healthy, nondysphagic, community-dwelling adults as observed during videofluoroscopy. Method Videofluoroscopic swallowing study imaging and mastication performance metrics (cycles, duration) were used to evaluate 185 healthy individuals (102 women, 83 men) aged 21–89 years. Results A significant effect of age on mastication cycles was not observed; however, a significant but weak effect of age on mastication duration was found. Female participants were observed to have significantly more mastication cycles and longer mastication durations compared to male participants. Three behavioral patterns of mastication performance emerged. Conclusions The results of this study contribute to normative data of mastication performance. An individual's sex was found to have a significant effect on mastication performance, although, in contrast to previous studies, age was not observed to significantly alter mastication performance. Differences in study methodologies likely explain the latter finding.

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