scholarly journals Accelerometric Assessment of Postural Balance in Children: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. García-Soidán ◽  
Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽  
Vicente Romo-Pérez ◽  
Jesús García-Liñeira
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Systematic Method

The correct development of postural control in children is fundamental to ensure that they fully reach their psychomotor capacities. However, this capacity is one of the least studied in the clinical and academic scope regarding children. The objective of this study was to analyze the degree of implementation of accelerometry as an evaluation technique for postural control in children and how it is being used. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, SpringerLink, SportsDiscus, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science with the following terms: balance, postural control, children, kids, accelerometry, and accelerometer. Results: The search generated a total of 18 articles. Two groups of studies were differentiated: those which exclusively included healthy individuals (n = 5) and those which included children with pathologies (n = 13). Accelerometry is being used in children mainly to assess the gait and static balance, as well as to identify the differences between healthy children and children with developmental disorders. Conclusions: Accelerometry has a discrete degree of implementation as an evaluation tool to assess postural control. It is necessary to define a systematic method for the evaluation of postural control in pediatrics, in order to delve into the development of this capacity and its alterations in different neurodevelopmental disorders.

Does Xbox 360 Kinect training improve postural balance in young healthy adults? A preliminary study. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Grabowicz ◽  
Anna Daniluk ◽  
Anna Hadamus ◽  
Dariusz Białoszewski
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Unstable Surface ◽  
Baseline Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
P Balance

BACKGROUND Balance training in young adults may increase coordination, cognitive function or the symmetry of strength on both sides of the body. It is an essential tool for injury or fall prevention and a precondition for becoming a professional athlete. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Xbox 360 Kinect training on postural balance in young, healthy individuals. METHODS The study enrolled 75 individuals who were randomly assigned to three equal groups. The first group (Group VR) performed exercises on an Xbox 360 Kinect console, and the second group (Group T) performed conventional all-round exercises. The third group was a control group (Group C). Each group underwent balance assessments on the Biodex Balance posturographic platform, including the Balance Error Scoring System test, before and after the training cycle. The level of statistical significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS Group VR and Group T achieved statistically significant improvements in the sway index compared with baseline. Group T gained significant decrease in the sway index on the unstable surface (P=.002). Group VR and group T demonstrated significant decreases in the mean sway index on stable and unstable surfaces (group VR — P=.035; group T — P=.001) Group C did not achieve a statistically significant improvement in the sway index. None of the groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the test error count. CONCLUSIONS Virtual reality in the form of video games played on an Xbox 360 Kinect console may be an effective method of balance training in healthy individuals.

The role of vision on postural strategy evaluated in patients affected by congenital nystagmus as an experimental model

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
S. Di Girolamo ◽  
W. Di Nardo ◽  
A. Cosenza ◽  
F. Ottaviani ◽  
A. Dickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Congenital Nystagmus ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Normal Controls

The role of vision in postural control is crucial and is strictly related to the characteristics of the visual stimulus and to the performance of the visual system. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of chronically reduced visual cues upon postural control in patients affected by Congenital Nystagmus (CN). These patients have developed since birth a postural strategy mainly based on vestibular and somatosensorial cues. Fifteen patients affected by CN and 15 normal controls (NC) were enrolled in the study and evaluated by means of dynamic posturography. The overall postural control in CN patients was impaired as demonstrated by the equilibrium score and by the changes of the postural strategy. This impairment was even more enhanced in CN than in NC group when somatosensorial cues were experimentally reduced. An aspecific pattern of visual impairment and a pathological composite score were also present. Our data outline that in patients affected by CN an impairment of the postural balance is present especially when the postural control relies mainly on visual cues. Moreover, a decrease in accuracy of the somatosensory cues has a proportionally greater effect on balance than it has on normal subjects.

scholarly journals Influence of the length of institutionalization on older adults' postural balance and risk of falls: a transversal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Oliveira Batista ◽  
Edmundo de Drummond Alves Junior ◽  
Flávia Porto ◽  
Fabio Dutra Pereira ◽  
Rosimere Ferreira Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Elliptical Area ◽  
Professional Model ◽  
Transversal Study

OBJECTIVE: to ascertain the influence of the length of institutionalization on older adults' balance and risk of falls.METHOD: to evaluate the risk of falls, the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Get Up and Go test were used; and for measuring postural balance, static stabilometry was used, with acquisition of the elliptical area of 95% and mean velocities on the x and y axes of center of pressure displacement. Parametric and nonparametric measures of association and comparison (α<0.05) were used.RESULTS: there was no significant correlation between the length of institutionalization and the tests for evaluation of risk of falling, neither was there difference between groups and within subgroups, stratified by length of institutionalization and age. In the stabilometric measurements, there was a negative correlation between the parameters analyzed and the length of institutionalization, and difference between groups and within subgroups.CONCLUSION: this study's results point to the difficulty of undertaking postural control tasks, showing a leveling below the clinical tests' reference scores. In the stabilometric behavior, one should note the reduction of the parameters as the length of institutionalization increases, contradicting the assumptions. This study's results offer support for the development of a multi-professional model for intervention with the postural control and balance of older adults living in homes for the aged.

scholarly journals Genomic Analysis of Clostridium perfringens BEC/CPILE-Positive, Toxinotype D and E Strains Isolated from Healthy Children

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Raymond Kiu ◽  
Kathleen Sim ◽  
Alex Shaw ◽  
Emma Cornwell ◽  
Derek Pickard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Type D ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Putative Toxin ◽  
Specific Trait

Clostridium perfringens toxinotype D, toxinotype E, and gastroenteritis-linked BEC/CPILE-positive strains have never been reported in healthy children. We isolated, whole-genome sequenced and bioinformatically characterised three C. perfringens isolates—type D (IQ1), type E (IQ2) and BEC/CPILE-positive (IQ3), recovered from the stools of three healthy two-year-olds, which were further compared to 128 C. perfringens genomes available from NCBI. The analysis uncovered a previously under-described putative toxin gene alv (alveolysin) encoded by isolates IQ2 and IQ3, which appeared to be a clade-specific trait associated with strains from domestic animals. A plasmid analysis indicated that the iota-toxin was encoded on a near-intact previously described plasmid pCPPB-1 in type E strain IQ2. The BEC genes becA and becB were carried on a near-identical pCPOS-1 plasmid previously associated with Japanese gastroenteritis outbreaks. Furthermore, a close phylogenetic relatedness was inferred between the French C. perfringens type E isolates cp515.17 and newly sequenced IQ2, suggesting geographical links. This study describes novel C. perfringens isolates from healthy individuals which encode important toxin genes, indicating the potential spread of these veterinary and clinically important strains and mobile genetic elements, and highlights areas for future research.

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The Journey, the Dreams and their Realization

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 030-035
Author(s):  
Sheffali Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
India Institute ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Child Neurology ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Division Department

ABSTRACTNeuro Developmental Disorders (NDDs) are associated with significant morbidity. This involves early identification of the disorder, the correct management of the disorder and associated disabilities. In India, the paucity of trained personnel and lack of knowledge about these disorders has been instrumental in inadequate management and recognition of these NDDs. The Child Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics at All India Institute of Medical Sciences has made few noteworthy and meaningful contributions in these aspects: devising a DM curriculum for pediatric neurology, developing indigenous tools for diagnosing these NDDs and performing relevant research. These endeavors would go a long way in serving the children with NDDs.

scholarly journals Postural Control of Children with Developmental Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Shimatani ◽  
Hiroshi Sekiya ◽  
Yoshifumi Tanaka ◽  
Masaki Hasegawa ◽  
Sadaaki Oki
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Developmental Disorders

scholarly journals Role of Antilipopolysaccharide Antibodies in Serum Bactericidal Activity against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Healthy Adults and Children in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1491-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Trebicka ◽  
Susan Jacob ◽  
Waheed Pirzai ◽  
Bryan P. Hurley ◽  
Bobby J. Cherayil
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

ABSTRACTRecent observations from Africa have rekindled interest in the role of serum bactericidal antibodies in protecting against systemic infection withSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium. To determine whether the findings are applicable to other populations, we analyzed serum samples collected from healthy individuals in the United States. We found that all but 1 of the 49 adult samples tested had robust bactericidal activity againstS. Typhimurium in a standardin vitroassay. The activity was dependent on complement and could be reproduced by immunoglobulin G (IgG) purified from the sera. The bactericidal activity was inhibited by competition with soluble lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fromS. Typhimurium but not fromEscherichia coli, consistent with recognition of a determinant in the O-antigen polysaccharide. Sera from healthy children aged 10 to 48 months also had bactericidal activity, although it was significantly less than in the adults, correlating with lower levels of LPS-specific IgM and IgG. The lone sample in our collection that lacked bactericidal activity was able to inhibit killing ofS. Typhimurium by the other sera. The inhibition correlated with the presence of an LPS-specific IgM and was associated with decreased complement deposition on the bacterial surface. Our results indicate that healthy individuals can have circulating antibodies to LPS that either mediate or inhibit killing ofS. Typhimurium. The findings contrast with the observations from Africa, which linked bactericidal activity to antibodies against anS. Typhimurium outer membrane protein and correlated the presence of inhibitory anti-LPS antibodies with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

CSF Monoamines in Autistic Syndromes and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders of Early Childhood

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gillberg ◽  
L Svennerholm
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Monoamine Metabolites ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Childhood Psychoses

Spinal fluid concentrations of the three major monoamine metabolites were examined in 25 infantile autistic children and 12 children with other childhood psychoses, and were contrasted with results obtained in normal children and in groups of children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Autistic children showed absolute and relative increases of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid. The group with other childhood psychoses also showed an increase in HVA level; in this group there were also indications of high levels of serotonin and norepinephrine metabolites. The results are discussed in the context of a pathogenetic model for autism involving hyperfunction of dopaminergic nerve fibres in the brain stem-mesolimbic system.

Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405-1408
Author(s):  
Hemin Lee ◽  
Yinzhu Jin ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Ezra M. Cohen ◽  
Sarah K. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Asthma Patients

Objective.To examine the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Using the IBM MarketScan database, we compared JIA patients with asthma patients and healthy individuals for the risk of incident T1D.Results.We included patients with 15,210 JIA, 76,050 patients with asthma, and 76,050 healthy individuals matched 1:5 on age, sex, and index date. After adjustment for confounders, the multivariable HR of T1D associated with JIA was 1.48 (95% CI 0.86–2.56) versus asthma and 1.81 (95% CI 1.03–3.17) versus healthy individuals.Conclusion.JIA appears to be associated with an increased risk of T1D compared to patients with asthma and healthy children.

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