Task-specific initial impact phase adjustments in lateral jumps and lateral landings

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the agreement between allied health assistants (AHAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when completing dysphagia screening for low-risk referrals and at-risk patients under a delegation model and (b) the operational impact of this delegation model. Method All AHAs worked in the adult acute inpatient settings across three hospitals and completed training and competency evaluation prior to conducting independent screening. Screening (pass/fail) was based on results from pre-screening exclusionary questions in combination with a water swallow test and the Eating Assessment Tool. To examine the agreement of AHAs' decision making with SLPs, AHAs ( n = 7) and SLPs ( n = 8) conducted an independent, simultaneous dysphagia screening on 51 adult inpatients classified as low-risk/at-risk referrals. To examine operational impact, AHAs independently completed screening on 48 low-risk/at-risk patients, with subsequent clinical swallow evaluation conducted by an SLP with patients who failed screening. Results Exact agreement between AHAs and SLPs on overall pass/fail screening criteria for the first 51 patients was 100%. Exact agreement for the two tools was 100% for the Eating Assessment Tool and 96% for the water swallow test. In the operational impact phase ( n = 48), 58% of patients failed AHA screening, with only 10% false positives on subjective SLP assessment and nil identified false negatives. Conclusion AHAs demonstrated the ability to reliably conduct dysphagia screening on a cohort of low-risk patients, with a low rate of false negatives. Data support high level of agreement and positive operational impact of using trained AHAs to perform dysphagia screening in low-risk patients.

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The Effects of Repetitive Drop Jumps on Impact Phase Joint Kinematics and Kinetics

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.27.2.108 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 108-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Joshua T. Weinhandl ◽

Jeremy D. Smith ◽

Eric L. Dugan

Keyword(s):

Energy Absorption ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Joint Kinematics ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Initial Contact ◽

Drop Jumps ◽

Impact Phase ◽

The Impact ◽

Kinematics And Kinetics

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lower extremity joint kinematics, and kinetics during repetitive drop jumps. Twelve recreationally active males (n= 6) and females (n= 6) (nine used for analysis) performed repetitive drop jumps until they could no longer reach 80% of their initial drop jump height. Kinematic and kinetic variables were assessed during the impact phase (100 ms) of all jumps. Fatigued landings were performed with increased knee extension, and ankle plantar flexion at initial contact, as well as increased ankle range of motion during the impact phase. Fatigue also resulted in increased peak ankle power absorption and increased energy absorption at the ankle. This was accompanied by an approximately equal reduction in energy absorption at the knee. While the knee extensors were the muscle group primarily responsible for absorbing the impact, individuals compensated for increased knee extension when fatigued by an increased use of the ankle plantar flexors to help absorb the forces during impact. Thus, as fatigue set in and individuals landed with more extended lower extremities, they adopted a landing strategy that shifted a greater burden to the ankle for absorbing the kinetic energy of the impact.

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Healthy preterm infants: global motor coordination and early intervention

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/0103-5150.028.001.ao09 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 85-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alice Sá Carneiro Ribeiro ◽

Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto Formiga ◽

Ana Cristina de David

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Balance Beam ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Gestation Age ◽

Lateral Jumps ◽

The Difference ◽

Ktk Test

Introduction Studies recommend a participation by preterm children (PT) in Early Intervention Programs (EIP), as the coordination dysfunctions appear to occur more frequently in premature school children. Objectives Describe the global motor coordination (MC) in PT children that participate in an EIP; verify the difference in MC between the sexes and correlate the coordination results of PT children and those with gestation age (GA) and the birth weight (BW); and compare the results of MC between PT children and full-term children (FT). Materials and methods 57 children (5-6 years old) – 20 PT that participate in EIP, and 37 FT. For the analysis of MC, it was used the Körperkoordination für Kinder (KTK) – Test of Body Coordination for Children. To the comparisons, it was used independent-samples T-test and the Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05), and the Pearson correlation to verify the influence of GA and BW in the coordinated results. Results 80% of the PT children presented normal MC; the girls demonstrated a better performance on the tasks balance beam and lateral jumps and with regard to the MC corresponding to the sum of the gross scores on the tasks; the GA and BW did not influence MC; and, there was no difference between MC in PT and FT children. Conclusion The PT children presented, in their majority, satisfactory levels of MC, and the girls presented better results. In addition, the GA and BW did not interfere in the MC results. Lastly, there was no difference in the coordination performance between PT and FT children.

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Research on the specific movement of the head in tennis strokes

ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review ◽

10.52383/itfcoaching.v28i80.63 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (80) ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Manuel Fernández López

Keyword(s):

Tennis Player ◽

Effective Technique ◽

The Gaze ◽

Impact Phase ◽

Player Performance ◽

The Impact

Technique is one of the aspects that has the most relevant influence on tennis player performance. Searching for more efficient and effective technique, by means of the application of biomechanical laws, is a constant among coaches and researchers. This article deals with a very concrete subject in tennis technique: the position of the head during the impact phase of tennis strokes. Biomechanical aspects of the strokes will also be considered, as well as other relevant aspects such as fixing the gaze during the stroke and the stretching-shortening cycle.

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A passive dynamic walking model with Coulomb friction at the hip joint

Robotica ◽

10.1017/s0263574713000398 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 1221-1227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wenhao Guo ◽

Tianshu Wang ◽

Qi Wang

Keyword(s):

Hip Joint ◽

Coulomb Friction ◽

Basins Of Attraction ◽

Swing Phase ◽

Dynamic Equations ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Dynamic Walking ◽

Passive Dynamic Walking ◽

Impact Phase ◽

The Impact

SUMMARYThis paper presents a modified passive dynamic walking model with hip friction. We add Coulomb friction to the hip joint of a two-dimensional straight-legged passive dynamic walker. The walking map is divided into two parts – the swing phase and the impact phase. Coulomb friction and impact make the model's dynamic equations nonlinear and non-smooth, and a numerical algorithm is given to deal with this model. We study the effects of hip friction on gait and obtain basins of attraction of different coefficients of friction.

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Automatic Fall Detection Based on Kinematic Characteristics during the Pre-impact Phase of Falls

IFMBE Proceedings - 6th World Congress of Biomechanics (WCB 2010). August 1-6, 2010 Singapore ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-14515-5_88 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 342-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Wu ◽

S. Xue

Keyword(s):

Fall Detection ◽

Kinematic Characteristics ◽

Impact Phase

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Every Crisis Is an Opportunity

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900019428 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 96-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Matthew J. Friedman

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

World Trade Center ◽

Empirical Literature ◽

Early Interventions ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

One Stop ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Post Impact ◽

Impact Phase

In the same way that a war mobilizes the creative energies of a nation and often leads to major advances in science, technology, and medicine, the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon provided a powerful impetus to advance the traumatic stress field. Stung by our inability to provide policymakers with recommendations on evidence-based, early interventions for survivors of the September 11, 2001, attacks, we have been forced to confront the major gaps in our current knowledge.These gaps are myriad and include our limited understanding of the natural longitudinal course of psychological consequences from the immediate post-impact phase to months and years later. They also include our inadequate scientific understanding of the psychological and psychobiological mechanisms underlying acute and long-term reactions to traumatic events and sparse empirical literature on which to base decisions concerning best practices for interventions. Questions of vulnerability and resilience have taken on a new urgency as we struggle to determine when to respect natural recovery processes and when to provide a formal intervention. With the recognition that there is little empirical justification for psychological debriefing as a one-stop early intervention panacea for the population-at-large has come intensification of efforts to develop and test a variety of novel early interventions that may be suitable for adults and children during the acute aftermath of catastrophic events.

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The Impact of Natural Disasters: A Brief Analysis of Characteristics and Trends

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00030880 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 2 (1-4) ◽

pp. 221-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Debarati Guha-Sapir ◽

Michel F. Lechat

Keyword(s):

Natural Disasters ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Tectonic Force ◽

Rescue Treatment ◽

Essential Services ◽

Global Statistics ◽

Impact Phase ◽

The Impact ◽

Snow Storms

Most natural disasters that occur frequently may be classified into four main categories: floods, earthquakes, cyclones and famine. Other catastrophic events, such as land slides, avalanches, snow storms, fires occur at rarer occasions and threaten smaller proportions of the populated world. The destructive agents in the above categories are wind, water (a lack or excess thereof) and tectonic force. While all of these cause structural damage, their mortality and morbidity effects are varied both between them and over time. The disaster cycle can be differentiated into five main phases, extending from one disaster to the next. The phases are: the warning phase indicating the possible occurrence of a catastrophe and the threat period during which the disaster is pending; the impact phase when the disaster strikes; the emergency phase when rescue, treatment and salvage activities commence; the rehabilitation phase when essential services are provided on a temporary basis; the reconstruction phase when a permanent return to normality is achieved. The disaster-induced mortality and morbidity differ between these phases and are also a function of the prevailing health and socioeconomic conditions of the affected community. As a result of this, global statistics on disasters seem to indicate a significantly higher frequency of natural disasters in the developing countries than in the industrialized world.

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